胃癌与七种元素关系的分析

57例胃癌癌灶内锌值为(13.740±4.150)×10~(-6),低于癌边缘组织(15.677±4.567)×10~(-6)(P<0.01),亦低于正常组织(15.897±3.580)×10~(-6)(P<0.01)。癌灶铜值为(7.91±6.19)×10~(-6),高于正常组织(5.62±12.01)×10~(-6)(P<0.05),癌灶铜/锌比值亦高于正常组织(P<0.01),但与边缘组织无显著性差异。分化较好的胃腺癌与未分化癌间七种微量元素含量均无显著性差异。这些结果提示,胃癌组织中锌值的降低与铜/锌比值的升高可作为胃癌的辅助诊断指标,而且锌值的检测更具意义。但与分化程度无关。     

广州地区妊娠妇女锌、钙代谢状况调查

调查了31名早孕妇女的头发锌、钙含量,其中锌为(139.0±40.1)×10-6,钙为(1081±478)×10-6;中孕妇女37名,发锌为(142.4±25.2)×10-6,钙为(666.1±143.3)×10-6;而69名晚孕妇女头发锌含量为(140.9±25.0)×10-6,钙含量为(864.7±562.8)×10-6。对照组为非妊娠健康妇女,共41名,头发锌含量为(158.1±61.9)×10-6,钙含量为(1241±546)×10-6。结果显示,三期妊娠妇女的发锌、发钙含量均显著低于正常对照组。     

阳江市幼儿头发中微量元素含量分析

测定了阳江市4449名1～7岁儿童头发中6种元素含量.结果表明,该市儿童头发中的 Zn为(82.15±19.00)×10-6 ,Ca为(511.56±93.55)×10-6 ,Mn为(1.81±0.86)×10-6 ,均低于国内报道的正常儿童发中元素含量低限值 Zn 87.75×10-6,Ca 603.25×10-6,Mn 2.14×10-6.该市儿童发 Pb平均值为(12.82±7.43)×10-6,显著高于国内报道的正常儿童发 Pb高限值10.43×10-6.     

山东省31种海产品中微量元素含量研究

对青岛、烟台和济南部分地区30余种海产品中微量元素锌、铜、铁、锰、硒的含量进行了研究,研究表明:同一元素在不同海产品中含量变化很大,铁在鲍鱼中含量最高,总体变化范围是2×10~(-6)～226×10~(-6)。海产品中锰含量相对其他类食物比较低,总体变化范围是0.2×10~(-6)～10.3×10~(-6)。海产品中锌含量比较丰富,以海蛎含量最高,总体变化范围是0.5×10~(-6)～470.5×10~(-6),铜的含量以贝壳类和甲壳类动物含量较高,最高的是虾虎,总体变化范围是0.2×10~(-6)～29.9×10~(-6)。海产品中硒含量很高,是补硒的良好的食物来源,其中以螃蟹含量为最高,变化范围是95.4×10~(-9)～909.6×10~(-9)。     

父母职业对幼儿头发中微量元素水平的影响

测定了深圳市父母不同职业的 894名 1～ 7岁幼儿头发中的Zn、Cu、Fe、Ca、Mn、Pb的含量。结果表明 ,父母为干部与父母为工人的幼儿头发中的Fe有显著性差异 (P <0 0 5) ,其含量分别为 (2 9 2± 4 9)× 10 -6和 (30 0± 5 6 )× 10 -6;父母为干部与父母为工人的幼儿头发中的Mn有非常显著性差异 (P <0 0 0 1) ,其含量分别为 (1 7± 0 7)× 10 -6和 (1 9± 1 0 )× 10 -6;父母为干部与父母为工人的幼儿头发中的Pb有显著性差异 (P <0 0 5) ,其含量分别为 (12 3±7 6 )× 10 -6和 (13 2± 7 5)× 10 -6。本文还列出了幼儿头发中元素的含量比较图。     

微量元素影响幼儿智力发育多因素分析

研究了3609名1～岁儿童头发中微量元素与儿童智力发育不全的关系.结果表明,智力发育不全(IQ值55～69)儿童的发Zn为(68.24±16.56)×10-6、Pb为(14.73±8.68)×10-6;高智商(IQ值109～131)儿童的发Zn为(98.62±20.47)×10-6、Pb为(7.92±6.31)×10-6.正常儿童头发中Zn含量[(83.16±19.35)×10-6]显著高于智力发育不全儿童[(80.08±18.47×10)-6,P＜0.05].而正常儿童头发中Pb含量[(12.67±7.48)×10-6则明显低于智力发育不全儿童[(13.25±7.57)×10-6,P＜0.05].正常女童发Zn明显高于智力发育不全儿童的发Zn(P＜0.05).正常女童发Mn、Pb明显低于智力发育不全儿童的发Mn(P＜0.05)、Pb(P＜0.05).正常男童的发Zn、Cu明显高于智力发育不全儿童的发Zn(P＜0.05)、Cu(P＜0.05).正常男童的发Pb明显低于智力发育不全儿童的发Pb(P＜0.05).低锌高铅可能是儿童智力发育不全的重要致病原因.     

佛山市顺德区幼儿头发中六种元素含量水平的研究

测定了佛山市顺德区1100名1～7岁学龄前儿童头发中6种元素含量。结果表明,该区幼儿头发中的Zn为(85.25+20.12)×10~(-6);Fe为(30.13±5.30)×10~(-6),Cu为(9.08±2.35)×10~(-6),Ca为(520.70±98.62)×10~6,Mn为(1.87±0.89)×10~(-6),Pb为(11.79±6.85)×10~(-6),并与周边地区作了比较。     

广州地区健康儿童及成人发硒含量调查

测定了广州地区52名健康儿童及72名健康成人的发硒含量。儿童平均年龄6.4±3.3岁,儿童男性发硒含量为(0.44±0.14)×10-6,女性为(0.40±0.15)×10-6。成人平均年龄53.3±14.7岁,成人男性发硒含量为(0.49±0.12)×10-6,女性为(0.51±0.12)×10-6。儿童及成人发硒含量男女之间不存在显著性差异,男性儿童与男性成人发硒含量不存在显著性差异,但女性儿童发硒含量显著低于女性成年人。     

糖尿病人头发中的铬、锰、铁与铜含量水平

采用催化极谱方法分析了 98例 (糖尿病人 47例 ,对照组健康人 5 1例 )头发样品中的微量元素铬 (Cr)、锰 (Mn)、铁 (Fe)、铜 (Cu)、锌 (Zn)、硒 (Se)和宏量元素钙 (Ca)、镁 (Mg)含量水平。结果显示 ,糖尿病人头发样品中的Cr( 0 99± 0 75 )× 1 0 - 6 、Mn( 1 3 0± 0 90 )× 1 0 - 6 和Cu( 8 5 0± 1 40 )× 1 0 - 6 分别显著低于对照组头发样品中的Cr( 1 5 5± 0 97)× 1 0 - 6 、Mn( 2 3 0± 1 60 )×1 0 - 6 和Cu( 1 0 40± 2 90 )× 1 0 - 6 ,Cr、Mn、Cu的显著性水平分别为P =0 0 0 1 ,P <0 0 0 1和P <0 0 0 1。而糖尿病人头发样品中的Fe( 1 9 0 0± 9 0 0 )× 1 0 - 6 ,则显著高于对照组头发样品中的Fe( 1 6 0 0± 8 0 0 )× 1 0 - 6 ,其显著性水平P为 0 0 2 3。但糖尿病人与健康人头发样品中的Zn、Se、Ca和Mg含量水平之间的差别并不显著。这些结果与其他一些研究所得的结论基本一致。     

妊娠糖尿病与非妊娠糖尿病患者头发微量元素含量分析

采用高频等离子体发射光谱法测定了妊娠糖尿病患者、非妊娠糖尿病患者以及相应对照组的头发微量元素锌、铁、铜、锰、锶、镁和常量元素钙的含量。56例健康妊娠妇女的发锌含量为（139．9±31.5）×10－6，而11例妊娠糖尿病妇女为（114．3±29．4）×10－6，两者比较差异有显著性，（P＜0．05），其它元素铁、铜、锰、锶、镁和钙不存在显著性差异。而45例非妊娠糖尿病女性与33名健康非妊娠女性的头发微量元素含量比较表明：两者锌含量不存在显著性差异，但糖尿病组铜显著低于健康对照组（P＜0．05），分别为（6．32±2．31）×10－6和（9．05±16．50）×10－6，糖尿病组铁含量（21．5±11．7）×10－6亦显著低于健康对照组（26．9±10．7）×10－6，其余元素无显著性差异。前后两组实验结果表明妊娠糖尿病患者与非妊娠糖尿病患者的微量元素代谢状况并不相同，妊娠糖尿病患者的锌缺乏状态值得引起注意。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Selective syntheses of 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones via temperature-dependent Rh(II)-carbenoid-mediated 2H-azirine-ring expansion

The Rh(II)-catalyzed reaction of 2-carbonyl-substituted 2H-azirines with ethyl 2-cyano-2-diazoacetate or 2-diazo-3,3,3-trifluoropropionate provides an easy access to 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones. These compounds can be selectively prepared from the same starting material using temperature as the only varied parameter. The 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, a common precursor for both heterocyclic products, isomerizes into 2H-1,3-oxazine under kinetic control, while 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-one is the sole product of the reaction at elevated temperatures. According to DFT-calculations a one-atom oxazine ring contraction involving ring-opening to a 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, followed by a 1,5- and 1,2-prototropic shift leads to the consecutive formation of imidoylketene and azomethine ylide, which then further undergo cyclization to the pyrrole derivative.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.