钴（Ⅱ）与3-噻唑偶氮-5-氨基苯酚生成的络合物的极谱吸附波

在pH 8.0的硼砂-盐酸缓冲溶液中,钴(Ⅱ)与3-噻唑偶氮-5-氨基苯酚(3-TAP)生成的络合物有一灵敏的极谱吸附波,其峰电位在-0.74 V左右(vs.SCE),峰电流的二阶导数(I'p)与钴(Ⅱ)的质量浓度在0.001～1.4 mg·L-1范围内呈线性关系,经多种电化学方法证明该波为络合吸附波,其电极过程为不可逆过程,电子转移数为2.此外,还试验了多种离子对峰电流I'p的影响,所拟方法用于3种维生素B12注射液样品中钴的测定,所得结果与标示值相符,测定结果的相对标准偏差(n=6)均小于2.5%.按标准加入法测得方法的回收率在92.0%～107.0%之间.     

人工神经网络光致发光法同时测定α-萘乙酸和吲哚-3-乙酸

研究了酸度、有机溶剂、重原子效应和共存物对α-萘乙酸(NAA)及吲哚-3-乙酸(IAA)光致发光性质的影响,建立了人工神经网络不经分离同时测定NAA和IAA的新方法。该法测定NAA和IAA的线性范围分别是0.012~0.24 mg.L-1和0.0034~0.068 mg.L-1(荧光)0、.18~1.8 mg.L-1和0.18~1.8 mg.L-1(燐光),检出限分别为0.0039 mg.L-1和0.0019 mg.L-1(荧光)0、.14 mg.L-1和0.13 mg.L-1(燐光)。方法用于合成样和水样测定,回收率在93%~109%之间,结果满意。     

1,2-萘醌-4-磺酸钠分光光度法测定药品中赖氨酸

赖氨酸与1,2-萘醌-4-磺酸钠在pH 9.6的缓冲溶液中,通过亲核取代反应生成物质的量比为1:2的橙红色产物,最大吸收波长为474 nm,表观摩尔吸光率为5.1×103L·mol-1·cm-1.赖氨酸的质量浓度在0.2～55 mg·L-1范围内与吸光度呈线性关系,其检出限(3s/k)为0.16 mg·L-1.应用所提出的方法测定了药物样品中赖氨酸的含量,并以此样品为基体加入赖氨酸标准溶液做回收试验,测得回收率在99.0%～100.3%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=5)均小于0.55%.     

3-(4''-氯基苯基)-5-(2''-羧基偶氮)若丹宁催化动力学荧光光度法测定痕量锰

研究发现在pH.5.2的邻苯二甲酸氢钾一氢氧化钠缓冲溶液中,Mn(Ⅱ)对过氧化氢氧化3-(4'氯基苯基)-5(2'-羧基偶氮)若丹宁的反应具有强烈的催化作用,并导致荧光强度的增加.据此建立了催化动力学荧光光度法测定痕量锰的方法,荧光强度的增加(△F)与Mn(Ⅱ)的质量浓度在0.014 mg·L-1以内呈线性关系,其线性回归方程为△F=-4.47+1038.75C,相关系数为0.988 6,检出限为1.78×10-6g·L-1.用于自来水和污水样品中痕量锰的测定,测得结果与原子吸收光谱法(AAS)的结果相符.分析结果的相对标准偏差(n=6)均小于2.5%,用标准加入法测得的回收率在95.6%～103.4%之间.     

反相高效液相色谱法测定α-[(二甲基氨基)亚甲基]-β-酮基-2-噻吩丙腈

应用反相高效液相色谱法测定α-[(二甲基氨基)亚甲基]-β-酮基-2-噻吩丙腈(IDP-3)的含量。采用Phenomex C18色谱柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm),并以不同比例混合的甲醇和水的混合溶液作梯度淋洗;检测波长为330 nm,外标法定量。在优化的色谱条件下,IDP-3与其它共存物质能够良好地分离。IDP-3的质量浓度在10.0～100 mg.L-1范围内与峰面积呈线性关系,检出限(3S/N)及测定下限(10S/N)分别为0.01 mg.L-1和0.035 mg.L-1。精密度试验表明,日内相对标准偏差(n=6)在0.43%～0.64%之间。     

1-(2-吡啶偶氮)-2-萘酚-过氧化氢光度法测定土壤中痕量钒

对钒(V)与1-(2-吡啶偶氮)-2-萘酚-过氧化氢-十六烷基三甲基溴化铵显色反应进行了试验,结果表明:在1 mol·L-1盐酸介质中,在十六烷基三甲基溴化铵存在下,钒(V)与1-(2-吡啶偶氮)-2-萘酚和过氧化氢反应生成红色多元络合物,络合物的最大吸收波长为577 nm,表观摩尔吸光率为3.04×104L·mol-1·cm-1,钒(V)的质量浓度在1.0 mg·L-1以内符合比耳定律.络合物的组成比为n钒(V):nPAN:n过氧化氢=1:1:1.方法用于土壤试样中痕量钒的测定,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)均小于9%,回收率在97.8%～101.5%之间,测得标准样品(GSS-5)中钒的含量为170.45μg·g-1,与标准值(166±9)μg·g-1之间的相对误差为2.7%.     

一阶导数溶出伏安法测定抗坏血酸

利用抗坏血酸可定量还原Fe(Ⅲ)-邻二氮菲(phen)为Fe(Ⅱ)-phen,建立了在玻碳电极上进行抗坏血酸的一阶导数阴极溶出伏安测定方法。在pH为4.5的HOAc-NaOAc缓冲体系中,抗坏血酸的浓度在5.0×10-6~2.0×10-4mol.L-1范围内与一阶导数溶出伏安峰电流值的增加呈线性关系,相关系数为0.998。该方法应用于测定水果和蔬菜中的抗坏血酸,回收率在98%~104%之间,测得结果与光度法的测定结果一致。     

流动注射-鲁米诺-铁氰化钾反应体系化学发光法测定依诺沙星

试验发现依诺沙星对鲁米诺与铁氰化钾之间的化学发光反应具有显著的增敏作用,而且当依诺沙星浓度在2.0×10-8～2.0×10-5mol·L-1范围内,与相应的化学发光增强信号值(△I)之间呈线性关系,其检出限(3S)为5.7×10-9mol·L-1,取1.0 × 10-6mol·L-1依诺沙星按试验方法测定11次,算得其相对标准偏差为1.75%.结合应用流动注射技术,提出了流动注射-化学发光法(FI-CL)测定药片中依诺沙星的方法,应用此方法分析了3个依诺沙星片剂试样,所测得的结果与其标示值相符.按标准加入法作了回收率试验,所得结果在96.7%～103.0%之间.     

荧光分光光度法测定痕量核酸——基于核酸与表掊儿茶素掊酸酯-铜(Ⅱ)配合物之间的荧光增强反应

试验表明:在pH 4.35～4.45的缓冲介质中,由于核酸与表掊儿茶素棓酸酯-铜(Ⅱ)配合物之间的相互反应导致配合物所发射的荧光强度明显增加,且在激发波长330 nm和发射波长659 nm处测得的荧光增强程度与核酸浓度之间呈线性关系,据此提出了荧光光度法测定核酸的方法.在选定的最佳条件下,测得对小牛胸腺DNA(ctDNA)、鱼精DNA(fsDNA)及酵母RNA(yRNA)的线性范围依次为0.3～10.0 mg·L-1,0.4～4.8 mg·L-1及0.4～30.0 mg·L-1,其检出限(3S/K)依次为0.22,0.15,0.14 mg·L-1,加入3种不同浓度的ctDNA、fsDNA及yRNA标准溶液作回收试验,测得回收率在97.0%～104.4%之间,相对标准偏差(n=5)等于小于2.0%.     

流动注射-分光光度法同时测定食品中水溶性总糖和还原糖

食品中水溶性总糖经1mol.L-1盐酸溶液水解生成还原糖,对羟基苯甲酸酰肼与生成的还原糖显色,在波长420nm处有最大吸收峰,据此提出了一种流动注射-分光光度法测定食品中水溶性总糖和还原糖含量的方法。方法的线性范围为50.0～800mg.L-1,还原糖的检出限为5.32mg.L-1,总糖的检出限为2.71mg.L-1。方法用于食品中还原糖和水溶性总糖的测定,测得方法的回收率在98.0%～101%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)在1.1%～1.5%之间。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Selective syntheses of 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones via temperature-dependent Rh(II)-carbenoid-mediated 2H-azirine-ring expansion

The Rh(II)-catalyzed reaction of 2-carbonyl-substituted 2H-azirines with ethyl 2-cyano-2-diazoacetate or 2-diazo-3,3,3-trifluoropropionate provides an easy access to 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones. These compounds can be selectively prepared from the same starting material using temperature as the only varied parameter. The 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, a common precursor for both heterocyclic products, isomerizes into 2H-1,3-oxazine under kinetic control, while 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-one is the sole product of the reaction at elevated temperatures. According to DFT-calculations a one-atom oxazine ring contraction involving ring-opening to a 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, followed by a 1,5- and 1,2-prototropic shift leads to the consecutive formation of imidoylketene and azomethine ylide, which then further undergo cyclization to the pyrrole derivative.     

Copper catalyzed/mediated synthetic methodology for ebselen and related isoselenazolones

Scope of the copper catalyzed/mediated selenium-nitrogen coupling reaction has been studied for the synthesis of isoselenazolones. It is noticed that the 2-chloro, 2-bromo-, and 2-iodo-aryl amides substrates can be exploited in the selenium-nitrogen coupling reaction by employing 25-100 mol % of CuI/1,10-phenanthroline (L) and potassium carbonate as a base in DMF. Furthermore, electron rich 2-chloro-arylamides also underwent selenium-nitrogen coupling reaction to give biologically important selenium-nitrogen heterocycles. Also, copper-catalyzed selenium-nitrogen coupling reaction has been meticulously applied for the synthesis of diaryl diselenides having methoxy, amine, and amide functionality from respective aryl iodides in the presence of stoichiometric amount of succinimide as an external Se-N coupling partner.     

Knoevenagel condensation catalyzed by novel Nmm-based ionic liquids in water

A series of novel N-methyl morpholine (Nmm) based ionic liquids with 1,2-propanediol group were synthesized and used as catalysts for Knoevenagel condensation at room temperature in water. Under the effect of the catalyst, various aldehydes or aliphatic ketones could react with a wide range of activated methylene compounds well, including malononitrile, alkyl cyanoacetate, cyanoacetamide, β-diketone, barbituric acid, 2-arylacetonitrile and thiazolidinedione. Furthermore, most of the products could be separated just by filtrating and washing with water. Additionally, the catalyst is recyclable and applicable for the large-scale synthesis.     

Construction of polyheterocyclic spirotetrahydrothiophene derivatives via sulfa-Michael/aldol cascade reaction

A series of polyheterocyclic spirotetrahydrothiophene derivatives were obtained in moderate to excellent yields via a catalyst-free sulfa-Michael/aldol cascade reaction of chalcones 1 and commercially available 1,4-dithiane-2,5-diol 2 under mild conditions. We also present the first asymmetric sulfa-Michael/aldol cascade reaction of chalcones 1 and commercially available 1,4-dithiane-2,5-diol 2 with moderate to good enantioselectivities catalyzed by readily available chiral phase-transfer catalysts (PTCs).     

Suzuki-Miyaura reactions of the soluble guanylate cyclase inhibitor NS2028: a non-product specific route to C-8 substituted analogues

Both soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) inhibitors ODQ 1 and NS2028 2 are synthesized via improved protocols. In the former case treating 3,4-dihydroquinoxalin-2(1H)-one oxime 8, which can be prepared in two steps from 1,2-benzenediamine, with 1,1′-carbonyldiimidazole (CDI) gives the dihydro-ODQ 10 that in the presence of KMnO₄ oxidises to give ODQ 1 in an overall yield of 46% starting from 1,2-benzenediamine. In the latter case, the synthesis affords NS2028 2 from 2-amino-4-bromophenol 3 in three steps with an overall yield of 85% and avoids the need for chromatography. Furthermore, Suzuki-Miyaura reaction conditions are described that enable the preparation of 8-aryl and 8-heteroaryl derivatives of NS2028 directly from NS2028 2. Finally, demethylation of the 8-(methoxyphenyl) substituted analogues afforded the 8-(hydroxyphenyl) derivatives 40-42. All new products are fully characterised.