联邦滤波器理论研究

应用矩阵理论和信息分配原理导出集中卡尔曼滤波、分散化滤波和联邦滤波之间的等价关系，证明联邦滤波器的全局滤波精度和集中卡尔曼滤波的滤波精度相同，并用信号流程图直观清晰地说明联邦滤波比分散化滤波结构更简单，计算量小。提出一种动态最优信息分配系数确定的方法，该方法使联邦滤波局部滤波器的设计也成为最优，并从理论上证明其具有最高的软故障检测灵敏度。     

信息融合理论及其在INS/GPS/Doppler组合导航系统中的应用

本文总结了Ｃａｒｌｓｏｎ 提出的联邦滤波器理论,并通过证明比较了联邦滤波方法和集中式 滤波方法的等价性,探讨了联邦滤波器的设计方法以及信息的合理分配原则,分析了两种简化 的结构形式。构造了ＩＮＳ／ＧＰＳ／Ｄｏｐｐｌｅｒ 组合导航系统滤波结构,经过仿真证明了联邦滤波器 的性能及其在组合导航系统中应用的可行性。     

对"联邦滤波器信息分配系数的优选算法"一文的商榷

介绍了联邦滤波算法和信息分配原理，指出《中国惯性技术学报》第11卷第6期“联邦滤波器信息分配系数的优选算法”一中存在一些问题，说明使用该优选算法进行信息分配，可能使主滤波器方差阵失去正定性；将联邦滤波用于GPS姿态测量，实验表明动态选择信息分配因子，相对于固定信息分配因子的算法并没有明显优势。     

对"联邦滤波器理论研究"一文的商榷

讨论了联邦滤波信息分配原则，指出了《中国惯性技术学报》第10卷第6期“联邦滤波器理论研究”一中有关信息分配的一些问题，说明采用该献所述方法，主滤波器和各个子滤波器估计均不是最优的，并在GPs姿态测量系统中利用实测数据进行了仿真研究。结果表明信息分配因子选择不当将造成联邦滤波器估计性能下降。     

联邦滤波理论在组合导航系统设计中的应用

为了解决导航信息大量冗余情况下组合导航系统计算量过大及故障数据互相污染的问题，本文探讨了具有容错结构的无复位联邦滤波器的设计方法，包括公共参考系统的选定及信息的合理分配原则，并对集中滤波器和联邦滤波器作了对比仿真计算。仿真结果表明：融合周期为滤波周期的１０倍时，联邦滤波精度与集中滤波精度几乎相同。     

信息融合技术在INS/GPS/DVL组合导航中的应用研究

为克服某船载导航系统不能满足长时间高精度导航定位需要的缺点,提出了一种基于信息融合技术的INS/GPS/DVL联邦滤波器组合导航方案.介绍了INS/GPS/DVL联邦滤波器的工作模式,在建立INS、GPS和DVL误差模型的基础上,推导了滤波器的组合形式,并详细阐述了该联邦滤波器的融合算法.通过计算机仿真技术分析了该组合导航系统的性能,仿真证明了所设计的联邦滤波器可以充分利用各种导航传感器的信息,提高导航系统的精度,比单独的惯性导航系统能提供更为精确的位置、速度和姿态信息,有效地提高了导航系统的综合能力.     

自适应联邦滤波器及其在组合导航系统中的应用

针对现有的信息分配方法在滤波精度和自适应性方面存在不足的问题,设计了一种在模糊神经网络基础上改进的自适应联邦滤波器,利用模糊神经网络自适应地调整信息分配系数,从而有效抑制干扰对子滤波器工作状态的影响,使主滤波器能够充分、有效地利用子滤波器的信息。将这种自适应联邦滤波器应用到MINS/GPS组合导航系统设计中,并对系统进行了仿真。通过与基于常规联邦滤波器的组合系统的仿真结果比较可知,自适应联邦滤波器的组合系统在性能上有了显著的提高,且速度误差标准差控制在0.06m/s以内,位置误差标准差控制在3.3m以内,具有良好的导航精度。     

一种车载组合导航系统的联邦滤波新算法

针对车载GPS/DR组合导航系统的特点,提出了一种新的联邦滤波算法.子滤波器由两个滤波器构成:一个是卡尔曼滤波器,另一个是Unscented卡尔曼滤波器(UKF),它们分别处理GPS子系统和DR子系统的信息.UKF是一种较新的非线性滤波方法,相对传统的非线性滤波器EKF具有更高的滤波精度和更高的计算效率.联邦滤波器的信息分配因子采用一种基于观测误差的最小均方误差形式,最佳地融合了传感器的输出信息.这种结构降低了联邦滤波器的计算难度和计算量,提高了组合导航系统的可靠性和容错性.仿真结果表明,提出算法的定位精度很高,与UKF算法的效果相当.     

广义联邦滤波器的全局最优性

基于分散化滤波算法和信息分配原理,建立了广义联邦滤波器设计理论。证明了联邦滤波器当其主滤波器和局部滤波器的维数都相同时,其全局滤波和集中卡尔曼滤波等价,是最优的;同时提出当主滤波器维数和局部滤波器维数不相同时,达到全局滤波最优的解析补偿方法,其附加计算量小,并可作为一种性能指标用于子系统的软故障检测。在组合导航系统中运用此方法对非公共状态信息进行补偿,仿真结果验证了该方法的有效性。     

联邦滤波器的滤波稳定性研究

首先证明了联邦滤波器中各局部滤波器实际上滤波不相关,然后通过使用集中式滤波器的滤波稳定性定理,来分析联邦滤波器的滤波稳定性。仿真实验首先根据上述方法证明了联邦滤波器的滤波稳定性,然后通过改变滤波初始值的方法对上述方法的执行结果进行了实验验证。     

The 7th International Conference on Fluid Mechanics May 24-27,2015,Qingdao,China

正http://www.icfm7.org First Announcement and Call for PapersThe objective of International Conference on Fluid Mechanics(ICFM)is to provide a forum for researchers to exchange new ideas and recent advances in the fields of theoretical,experimental,computational Fluid Mechanics as well as interdisciplinary subjects.It was successfully convened by the Chinese Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics(CSTAM)in Beijing(1987,     

INFORMATION FOR CONTRIBUTORS

Contributions： The Journal, Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica, is pleased to receive papers from engineers and scientists working in various aspects of solid mechanics. All contributions are subject to critical review prior to acceptance and publication.     

Preface

This special issue of PARTICUOLOGY is devoted to the first UK-China Particle Technology Forum taking place in Leeds, UK, on 1-3 April 2007. The forum was initiated by a number of UK and Chinese leading academics and organised by the University of Leeds in collaboration with Chinese Society of Particuology, Particle Technology Subject Group （PTSG） of the Institution of Chemical Engineers （IChemE）, Particle Characterisation Interest Group （PCIG） of the Royal Society of Chemistry （RSC） and International Fine Particle Research Institute （IFPRI）. The forum was supported financially by the Engineering and Physics Sciences Research Council （EPSRC） of United Kingdom,     

基于鲁棒滤波的捷联导引头视线角速度估计方法

针对捷联导引头无法直接获取视线角速度等信息的问题,研究了鲁棒滤波在大气层外飞行器捷联导引头视线角速度估计中的应用。为了建立非线性滤波估计模型,考虑目标视线角速度的慢变特性,采用一阶马尔科夫模型建立了状态方程;推导了视线角速度的解耦模型,并建立了量测方程;考虑到实际应用中存在系统噪声统计特性失准的问题,基于Huber-Based鲁棒滤波方法,设计了视线角速度滤波器,并完成了基于Huber-Based滤波方法和扩展卡尔曼滤波方法的数学仿真。仿真结果表明Huber-Based滤波方法的视线角、视线角速度及视线角加速度估计精度分别达到0.1140'、0.1423'/s、0.0203'/s2,而扩展卡尔曼滤波方法的视线角、视线角速度及视线角加速度估计精度仅分别为0.6577'、0.6415'/s、0.0979'/s~2。仿真结果证明了该方法可以有效地估计出相对视线角速度等信息,并且在非高斯噪声的条件下,依然可获得较高的估计精度,具有一定的鲁棒性。     

Guide for authors

正Each of the sections below provides essential information for authors.We recommend that you take the time to read them before submitting a contribution to Acta Mechanica Sinica.We hope our guide to authors may help you navigate to the appropriate section.How to prepare a submission This document provides an outline of the editorial process involved in publishing a scientific paper in Acta Mechanica     

Use specification of multiscale materials for life spanned over macro-, micro-, nano-, and pico-scale

Multiscale material intends to enhance the strength and life of mechanical systems by matching the transmitted spatiotemporal energy distribution to the constituents at the different scale, say—macro, micro, nano, and pico,—, depending on the needs. Lower scale entities are, particularly, critical to small size systems. Large structures are less sensitive to microscopic effects. Scale shifting laws will be developed for relating test data from nano-, micro-, and macro-specimens. The benefit of reinforcement at the lower scale constituents needs to be justified at the macroscopic scale. Filling the void and space in regions of high energy density is considered.Material inhomogeneity interacts with specimen size. Their combined effect is non-equilibrium. Energy exchange between the environment and specimen becomes increasingly more significant as the specimen size is reduced. Perturbation of the operational conditions can further aggravate the situation. Scale transitional functions and/or f_j/j+1 are introduced to quantify these characteristics. They are represented, respectively, by , and (f_mi/ma,f_na/mi,f_pi/na). The abbreviations pi, na, mi, and ma refer to pico, nano, micro and macro.Local damage is assumed to initiate at a small scale, grows to a larger scale, and terminate at an even larger scale. The mechanism of energy absorption and dissipation will be introduced to develop a consistent book keeping system. Compaction of mass density for constituents of size 10⁻¹², 10⁻⁹, 10⁻⁶, 10⁻³ m, will be considered. Energy dissipation at all scales must be accounted for. Dissipations at the smaller scale must not only be included but they must abide by the same physical and mathematical interpretation, in order to avoid inconsistencies when making connections with those at the larger scale where dissipations are eminent.Three fundamental Problems I, II, and III are stated. They correspond to the commonly used service conditions. Reference is made to a Representative Tip (RT), the location where energy absorption and dissipation takes place. The RT can be a crack tip or a particle. At the larger size scales, RT can refer to a region. Scale shifting of results from the very small to the very large is needed to identify the benefit of using multiscale materials.