Plasmon‐Enhanced Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer

In this review, we firstly introduce physical mechanism of fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET), the methods to measure FRET efficiency, and the applications of FRET. Secondly, we introduce the principle and applications of plasmon‐enhanced fluorescence (PEF). Thirdly, we focused on the principle and applications of plasmon‐enhanced FRET. This review can promote further understanding of FRET and PE‐FRET.     

聚集导致的荧光增强与双分子膜上能量转移

聚集导致的荧光增强与双分子膜上能量转移吴立新，郑惠（吉林大学理论化学研究所，长春，１３００２３）（吉林粮油食品专科学校）梁映秋（南京大学化学系）关键词聚集，双分子膜，荧光增强，能量转移在模拟生物膜功能研究中，以表面活性剂聚集体系为模拟剂研究其自组织行...     

荧光素-曙红Y能量转移荧光猝灭法测定微量白蛋白研究

在λex/λem=405/547 nm,于缓冲溶液和表面活性剂存在的情况下,荧光素和曙红Y能够发生有效能量转移,而牛血清白蛋白(BSA)的加入使得曙红Y荧光猝灭,该体系可用于微量蛋白质的测定。系统探讨了荧光素-曙红Y能量转移体系发生荧光猝灭的条件,最佳条件为:2.0 mL pH=3.8的B-R缓冲溶液,0.4 mL 0.05%曲拉通X-100,1.5 mL 1.0×10-4mol/L的荧光素水溶液,2.0 mL 1.0×10-4mol/L的曙红Y水溶液,最佳实验时间为溶液配制完成静置15 min后60 min内,最佳加入顺序为pH=3.8缓冲溶液+荧光素+曙红Y+曲拉通+蛋白质标准溶液或样品。在优化的实验条件下,蛋白质含量在0～2.0μg/mL范围内与荧光猝灭强度呈良好的线性关系。检出限为6.6 ng/mL;测定样品的相对标准偏差(RSD)在±5%以内;样品加标回收率为90.4%～95.3%。该法可用于人血清、牛奶中蛋白质含量的测定。     

吖啶橙-罗丹明6G能量转移荧光猝灭法定量测定茶多酚

在λex/λem=450/556 nm,十二烷基苯磺酸钠(DBS)存在下,吖啶橙(AO)-罗丹明6G(R6G)间能够发生有效的能量转移,使R6G荧光大大增强。酸性条件下,茶多酚的加入使体系R6G的荧光发生猝灭。利用AO-R6G能量转移荧光猝灭法定量测定茶多酚,提高了测定的灵敏度和选择性。茶多酚含量在0.75~60mg/L范围内与R6G荧光猝灭程度呈良好线性关系,方法检出限为0.35 mg/L。6次平行测定样品相对标准偏差1.36%~2.17%,回收率为93%~107%。该方法用于茶叶样品中茶多酚含量的测定,结果满意。     

Chemoselective Quinoline and Isoquinoline Reduction by Energy Transfer Catalysis Enabled Hydrogen Atom Transfer

(Hetero)arene reduction is one of the key avenues for synthesizing related cyclic alkenes and alkanes. While catalytic hydrogenation and Birch reduction are the two broadly utilized approaches for (hetero)arene reduction across academia and industry over the last century, both methods have encountered significant chemoselectivity challenges. We hereby introduce a highly chemoselective quinoline and isoquinoline reduction protocol operating through selective energy transfer (EnT) catalysis, which enables subsequent hydrogen atom transfer (HAT). The design of this protocol bypasses the conventional metric of reduction reaction, that is, the reductive potential, and instead relies on the triplet energies of the chemical moieties and the kinetic barriers of energy and hydrogen atom transfer events. Many reducing labile functional groups, which were incompatible with previous (hetero)arene reduction reactions, are retained in this reaction. We anticipate that this protocol will trigger the further advancement of chemoselective arene reduction and enable the current arene-rich drug space to escape from flatland.     

半导体纳米粒子与金纳米粒子间荧光共振能量转移研究

采用水相法合成的CdTe半导体纳米粒子作为能量给体, 通过Schiff碱反应将单链DNA连接到表面. 采用柠檬酸钠还原氯金酸法制取的Au纳米粒子作为能量受体, 通过Au—S键将单链DNA连接到表面. 通过DNA链间的杂交, 构建了荧光共振能量转移体系(FRET). 测定了CdTe-DNA、 探针体系和探针体系+目标DNA的荧光强度. 结果表明, 探针体系的荧光强度最弱, 加入目标DNA后, 体系荧光增强, 表明该体系的构建是成功的.     

以改进的荧光非辐射能量转移法研究高分子共混物

荧光非辐射能量转移(NRET)法可灵敏地反映出在几纳米尺度上分子相互作用的信息。这一性质已广泛用于高分子共混物相容性的研究。通常的NRET方法是通过测定两种聚合物链的相互接近的程度得到有关相容性的信息。但相区的大小与形态都会影响能量转移的效率,且需对共混物中的组成聚合物分别以荧光能量给体和受体进行标记,与此不同,本     

Synthesis of 2-Azanorbornanes via Strain-Release Formal Cycloadditions Initiated by Energy Transfer

Rigid bicycles are becoming more popular in the pharmaceutical industry because they allow for expansion to new and unique chemical spaces. This work describes a new strategy to construct 2-azanorbornanes, which can act as rigid piperidine/pyrrolidine scaffolds with well-defined exit vectors. To achieve the synthesis of 2-azanorbornanes, new strain-release reagent, azahousane, is introduced along with its photosensitized strain-release formal cycloaddition with alkenes. Furthermore, new reactivity between a housane and an imine is disclosed. Both strategies lead to various substituted 2-azanorbornanes with good selectivities.     

荧光共振能量转移猝灭法测定加替沙星

在pH=7.00的Britton-Robinson (B-R)缓冲溶液,及十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)介质中,吖啶橙(AO)-罗丹明 (RB)能够发生有效的能量转移,使RB荧光增强.加替沙星(Gatifloxacin, GTFX)的加入又使得RB的荧光猝灭,据此建立了测定加替沙星的新方法.将此方法用于加替沙星片剂和粉针剂的测定,结果满意.实验表明,该方法简单、快速、灵敏、准确.     

基于量子点的荧光共振能量转移

研究了具有相反电荷的两种量子点间的荧光共振能量转移.分别以巯基乙酸(TGA)和十六烷基三甲基溴化胺(CTMAB)修饰发射绿色和红色荧光的CdSe/ZnS量子点,使其由油溶性变为水溶性,且表面带相反的电荷,并对修饰后的水相量子点进行琼脂糖凝胶电泳、荧光成像、量子产率等系列表征.对两种量子点间的荧光共振能量转移现象进行研究.结果表明: 在激发波长为400 nm时,两种量子点在磷酸盐缓冲溶液(pH 7.5)中具有较好的荧光共振能量转移效率(猝灭效率0.54,增强效率0.27).     

荧光共振能量转移猝灭法测定片剂中莫西沙星含量

基于在pH 6.50的B-R缓冲溶液,十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)介质中,吖啶橙(AO)-罗丹明B(RB)能够发生有效的能量转移,使RB荧光增强,而加入莫西沙星(MXFC)后使得RB的荧光猝灭,且其荧光淬灭程度与莫西沙星的质量浓度在1.00～10.0mg.L-1范围内呈线性关系,据此提出了利用AO-RB荧光共振能量转移,荧光淬灭法间接测定片剂中莫西沙星含量的方法。方法的检出限(3S/N)为0.039mg.L-1。方法用于莫西沙星片剂的分析,测定值与高效液相色谱法测定值相一致,加标平均回收率为99%,相对标准偏差(n=5)均小于0.9%。     

Phase Control and Singlet Energy Transfer Enabled by Trimethylamine Modified Boron Dipyrromethene for Stable CsPbBr3 Quantum Wells

The phase distribution and organic spacer cations play pivotal roles in determining the emission performance and stability of perovskite quantum wells (QWs). Here, we propose a universal molecular regulation strategy to tailor phase distribution and enhance the stability of CsPbBr₃ QWs. The capability of sterically hindered ligands with formidable surface binding groups is underscored in directing CsPbBr₃ growth and refining phase distribution. With trimethylamine modified boron dipyrromethene (BDP-TMA) ligand as a representative, the BDP-TMA driven can precisely control phase distribution and passivate defects of CsPbBr₃. Notably, BDP-TMA acts as a co-spacer organic entity in obtained BDP-TMA-CsPbBr₃, facilitating efficient singlet energy transfer and tailoring the luminescence to produce a distinctive bluish-white emission. The BDP-TMA-CsPbBr₃ demonstrates significant phase stability under water exposure, light irradiation, and moderate temperature. Interestingly, BDP-TMA-CsPbBr₃ exhibits the thermally-induced dynamic fluorescence control at elevated temperatures, which can be achieved feasible for advanced information encryption. This discovery paves the way for the exploration of perovskite QWs in applications like temperature sensing, anti-counterfeiting, and other advanced optical smart technologies.     

Detection of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) by Interrupted Energy Transfer

The ubiquitous presence of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in aqueous environments has aroused societal concern. Nonetheless, effective sensing technologies for continuous monitoring of PFAS within water distribution infrastructures currently do not exist. Herein, we describe a ratiometric sensing approach to selectively detect aqueous perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) at concentrations of μg ⋅ L⁻¹. Our method relies on the excitonic transport in a highly fluorinated poly(p-phenylene ethynylene) to amplify a ratiometric emission signal modulated by an embedded fluorinated squaraine dye. The electronic coupling between the polymer and dye occurs through overlap of π-orbitals and is designed such that energy transfer is dominated by an electron-exchange (Dexter) mechanism. Exposure to aqueous solutions of PFAS perturbs the orbital interactions between the squaraine dye and the polymer backbone, thereby diminishing the efficiency of the energy transfer and producing a “polymer-ON/dye-OFF” response. These polymer/dye combinations were evaluated in spin-coated films and polymer nanoparticles and were able to selectively detect PFAS at concentrations of ca. 150 ppb and ca. 50 ppb, respectively. Both polymer films and nanoparticles are not affected by the type of water, and similar responses to PFAS were found in milliQ and well water.     

用荧光关联谱单分子检测系统研究DNA分子

生命科学的发展对分析检测技术的灵敏度要求越来越高,人们希望在单分子水平上了解物质之间的相互作用以及生命的过程.     

Fabrication of Novel Polymer Nanoparticle-Based Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer Systems and their Tunable Fluorescence Properties

In this study, two hydrophobic fluorescent dyes, nitrobenzoxadiazolyl (NBD) and 9-(diethylamino)benzo[a]phenoxazin-5-one (NR) with different doping ratios were incorporated into polymer nanoparticles to constitute novel polymer nanoparticle-based fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) systems via a facile one-step mini-emulsion polymerization. Spectroscopic characteristics demonstrate that the two fluorophores have been successfully embedded into the nanoparticles, and the fluorescence emission intensity of the two hydrophobic dyes can be greatly enhanced in aqueous media. The as-prepared fluorescent nanoparticles also display a uniform small size (ca. 55 nm), high dye load, intense fluorescence, as well as controllable amount and ratio of the two dyes. The observed FRET efficiencies (16.0–75.2%), as well as the distance (r) between NBD (donor) and NR (acceptor), is closely correlated to the doping ratio of two dyes. Moreover, by varying the doping ratio of two dyes, the fluorescent nanoparticles would exhibit multicolor through FRET upon a single wavelength excitation, and the fluorescence emission signals of the dye-doped nanoparticles could be accurately tuned. These results indicate that the as-prepared uniform FRET-mediated nanoparticles are of high interest in multiplexed bioanalysis.     

基于上转换荧光共振能量转移的ClO~-纳米探针

以"核-内壳-外壳"三层夹心结构上转换纳米材料(Sandwich Structure Upconversion Nanoparticles,SWUCNPs)为能量供体,异硫氰酸荧光素(FITC)为能量受体,构建了一种基于上转换荧光共振能量转移(UC-FRET)的纳米探针,其荧光猝灭效率高达95%。将该纳米探针用于水溶液中ClO~-的检测,ClO~-对配体的氧化使得能量供受体之间距离增大,上转换荧光恢复程度与ClO~-的浓度呈线性关系,线性范围为0.02~3.4mmol/L,检出限为0.008mmol/L。实验结果表明该纳米探针特异性强、灵敏度高、结构灵活。     

CdTe量子点与罗丹明6G间的荧光共振能量转移机理研究

本文在合成水溶性巯基乙酸修饰的CdTe量子点的基础上,研究了CdTe量子点与罗丹明6G之间的荧光共振能量转移.实验结果表明:构建的CdTe量子点(供体)-罗丹明6G(受体)荧光共振能量转移体系在磷酸盐缓冲溶液中有较好的转移效果.当磷酸缓冲溶液pH值为7.4,NaCl浓度为1.0 mol/L时,构建的CdTe量子点-罗丹...     

基于聚多巴胺纳米粒子的荧光共振能量转移法检测microRNA

基于聚多巴胺纳米粒子(PDA NPs)对Cy5标记单链DNA(Cy5-ssDNA)探针的荧光猝灭效应以及脱氧核糖核酸酶Ⅰ(DNaseⅠ)选择性切割DNA/RNA杂合结构中单链DNA的特性,建立了一种用于微小核糖核酸(miRNA)检测的新型恒温信号放大方法.在优化的实验条件下,体系的相对荧光强度(FR)与miR-21浓度的对数值成正比;对miR-21检测的线性范围为10 pmol/L~100 nmol/L,检出限达7 pmol/L.血清加标实验结果表明,该方法可用于生理环境下miR-21的检测.     

荧光共振能量转移技术在生物分析中的应用

对荧光共振能量转移技术及其应用较全面的综述，介绍了Ｆｏｅｒｓｔｅｒ原理，ＦＲＥＴ实验技术，及其在生物大分子结构与功能研究，免疫分析和核酸杂交分析等几方面的应用，并对其将来的发展作出一些评价与展望。