Oriental Lacquer. 10. The South East Asian Lacquer

Abstract

The family Anacardiaceae consists of 76 genera and about 600 species. A comparison of the species of Anacardiaceae is discussed with special emphasis on the importance of the exudates, the so-called sap, for their importance as lacquer to produce lacquer ware. Many exudates are poisonous. The individual chemical compounds which constitute the active ingredients of the oleoresin part of the sap and their function are described based on space-filling molecular models. Emphasis is also given to the organic components of lacquer trees of the South East Asian region, which is compared to other species of the Anacardiaceae family.     

Chemistry of naphthazarin derivatives. 11. Trisubstituted hydroquinone derivatives in the preparative synthesis of naphthazarins

The Friedel—Crafts acylation of trimethylhydroquinone, 3,5-diethyl-2-hydroxyhydroquinone, and 3,5-diethyl-1,2,4-trimethoxybenzene with dichloromaleic or citraconic anhydride in an AlCl₃—NaCl melt is accompanied by o-C-dealkylation to afford functionally substituted naphthazarins.     

第11届全国大学生化学实验邀请赛无机及分析化学实验试题评析与思考

介绍了第11届全国大学生化学实验邀请赛无机及分析化学实验操作试题的命题思路,并对实验中存在的问题及成绩进行了总结分析。     

Development and Characterization of Laccol Lacquer Blended with Urushiol Lacquer

A lacquer blending urushiol and laccol was investigated. The blended lacquer with 30wt.% urushiol and 100wt.% laccol has a good drying property and film hardness. 2-D-NMR and FD-MS measurements of the lacquer dimer showed that a transfer of radicals between urushiol and laccol occurred during the enzymatic polymerization, and 4-4′ biphenyl, 4-6′ (4′-6), and 6-6 (6-6′) dibenzofuran structures were obtained.     

第11届全国大学生化学实验邀请赛物理化学操作考试试题的评析与思考

介绍了第11届全国大学生化学实验邀请赛物理化学实验的命题思路、实验试题的背景及考试情况,并对竞赛中所反映的当前实验教学中存在的问题进行了总结分析。     

Chemistry of isoflavone heteroanalogs. 11. Benzodioxane analogs of chalcone,flavone, and isoflavone

Benzodioxane analogs of chalcones and their epoxides have been prepared. Different types of analogs of natural flavonolignan — silibin — have been synthesized from these compounds. The PMR spectra of the new compounds and the results of the preliminary biological testings are reported and discussed.For article 10, see [1].Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 192–198, February, 1986.     

第11届全国大学生化学实验邀请赛有机化学实验试题解析

介绍了第11届全国大学生化学实验邀请赛有机化学实验操作试题的命题思路,并对实验中存在的问题及成绩进行了分析。     

Continuous-Flow Chemistry and Photochemistry for Manufacturing of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients

An active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) is any substance in a pharmaceutical product that is biologically active. That means the specific molecular entity is capable of achieving a defined biological effect on the target. These ingredients need to meet very strict limits; chemical and optical purity are considered to be the most important ones. A continuous-flow synthetic methodology which utilizes a continuously flowing stream of reactive fluids can be easily combined with photochemistry, which works with the chemical effects of light. These methods can be useful tools to meet these strict limits. Both of these methods are unique and powerful tools for the preparation of natural products or active pharmaceutical ingredients and their precursors with high structural complexity under mild conditions. This review shows some main directions in the field of active pharmaceutical ingredients’ preparation using continuous-flow chemistry and photochemistry with numerous examples of industry and laboratory-scale applications.     

铜锌金属天然酶活性中心量子化学计算

以菠菜叶中天然超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）铜锌活性中心及人为去掉金属锌的活 性中心为模板，运用Gaussian 94量子化学程序，在B3LYP/LANL2DZ基组水平上进行 了计算，获得了分子轨道能量、电荷分布以及原子轨道对前沿分子轨道贡献的信息 。结果表明，金属铜对于催化歧化超氧阴离子O_2~-具有至关重要的作用，而金属 锌起到稳定结构和促成构建活性中心的作用。     

谈谈化学与地震

分析了地震发生前地壳内部地球化学场前兆现象,以及一些可以被认为是地震前兆的灵敏化学物质的变化,阐述了化学和地震的密切关系。     

Towards the Design of Optically Active Thiophene S-Oxides using Quantum Chemistry

The importance of axially chiral biaryls has risen steeply in the recent decades. This structural motif proved to be successful in catalytic asymmetric synthesis and the configuration of the biaryl axis is decisive for the biological activity. A new approach for the atroposelective synthesis of biaryls would be through a cycloaddition between an enantiopure phenyl-substituted thiophene S-oxide and an alkyne. Importantly, the chiral center of the thiophene S-oxide needs to be stable enough to avoid pyramidal inversion during the cycloaddition. Considering that the racemization of thiophene monoxides has been scarcely investigated so far, we perform a thorough quantum chemical study on the inversion barriers of a large number of chiral thiophene S-oxide derivatives. Our main goal is to identify substitution patterns leading to stable atropisomers at room temperature. Appealingly, the role of stereoelectronic effects and the position of the substituents as well as the importance of aromaticity on the pyramidal inversion barrier are elucidated for the first time.     

新课程背景下的化学活动学习

分析了地震发生前地壳内部地球化学场前兆现象,以及一些可以被认为是地震前兆的灵敏化学物质的变化,阐述了化学和地震的密切关系.     

毒气之王和糜烂性毒剂

糜烂性毒剂是一种以皮肤糜烂为主兼有全身中毒为特点的毒剂。文章介绍了芥子气、氮芥和路易氏气等糜烂性毒剂的发现历史、理化性质、中毒机理、救治方法;同时探讨了无害化转化的方法,包括利用芥子气和路易氏气转化成为太阳能电池的重要物质和利用糜烂性毒剂的中毒机理来研究治癌的化疗药物。