储油罐的变位识别与罐容表标定模型

用数学建模方法试图研究解决储油罐变位识别与罐容表标定问题.首先精确推导了无变位以及纵向倾斜时罐内储油量与油位高度的函数关系,且设计了两种系统误差补偿方法.一种是基于等效思想的δ值法,另一种拟合法.其次,确定变位参数时依然使用补偿思想,将球冠体部分的储油体积和系统误差统一为整体拟合成油位高度h的三次多项式,并应用最小二乘...     

储油罐横向偏转变位后罐容表的重新标定算法

由于地基变形等原因,地下储油罐使用一段时间后罐体的变位会导致原标定的罐容表失效。本文针对常用储油罐的几何形状,用微元法推导了根据罐内油位高度计算储油量的公式,给出了储油罐发生横向偏转时探针测量的油位高度与罐中油位实际高度的关系,建立了储油罐变位后储油量与变位参数和探针测量油位高度关系的数学模型,为识别罐体位置的变位和罐容表重新标定提供理论依据,给出了罐容表的初始标定与变位后的重新标定算法。     

储油罐的变位识别与罐容表标定

研究了储油罐的变位识别与罐容表重新标定的问题,利用三重积分的方法和Maple软件对平底椭圆柱储油罐油量的表达式进行了精确求解,并利用实验数据对求解结果进行了误差补偿;利用近似积分算法对主体为圆柱,两端为球冠的储油罐的油量表达式进行了近似求解,通过建立优化模型,搜索算法和Matlab软件求解出了问题二中的变位角度,并利用实验数据对求解结果进行了检验;最后利用得到的油量表达式给出了两个储油罐的罐容表.     

油罐刻度设计的数学模型及数值解法

从炼油厂储油罐上的刻度设计问题入手,建立了储油量与刻度之间关系的积分和微分方程数学模型,利用数值解法得到了实际问题中储油罐刻度的设计方案,并给出了储油量与刻度差的关系曲线.     

储油罐变位识别与罐容表标定问题的研究

通过对实验罐和实际储油罐的分析与建模,给出了变位识别的一般方法．首先,对于实验罐,使用复化求积方法推导了函数关系,并通过对原模型的修正,使得模型所标定的罐容表与观测值之间的误差达到千分之一的数量级．其次,实际储油罐在实验罐的基础上增加了一维变位变量．利用复化积分求得体积的表达式,再选出最优变位参数组合α=2．4°,β=0．5°．最后,给出了罐容表的标定水平．     

基于卧式容器的罐容标定和变位识别的系统建模与分析

就一类特殊的卧式容器,建立了在有纵向倾斜和横向偏转等变位时这类卧式容器的变位识别和罐容标定的系统模型并分析研究.通过文献[7]提供的试验数据,对卧式储油罐的变位识别和罐容标定值进行的分析研究表明:所建立的卧式容器的变位识别和罐容标定的系统模型具有较高的精度和良好的稳定性.同时这一系统模型和分析体系也适用于其它类型的液体容器的研究,具有广阔的应用前景.     

一致椭圆扩散过程的几类极大游程

本文研究了暂留一致椭圆扩散过程，利用强Markov性，求出了在首中此球之前、末离此球之前和在首中此球与末离此球之间过程的几类极大游程的分布的估计，推广了文献、相关的结果．     

时变多元NBS Copula模型与美国股指期货市场可视化相依性分析

基于多元NBS(Normal Birnbaum-Saunders)分布构造了一种新的多元偏斜厚尾Copula,即多元NBS Copula,并进一步采用DCC(Dynamic Conditional Correlation)模型构造了时变NBS Copula模型。以美国道琼斯30指数期货、标准普尔500指数期货和纳斯达克100指数期货为例，可视化分析了收益率序列之间的各种相依特征，比较了DCC-NBS Copula模型与其他一些Copula模型在相依结构拟合上的效果差异。实证结果表明：美国三大股指期货之间的相依结构具有正相依性、厚尾相依性、非对称相依性和时变相依性，其中，NAGARCH模型可以较好地描述收益率序列的动态特征，椭圆Copula优于阿基米德Copula,非对称椭圆Copula优于对称椭圆Copula,厚尾椭圆Copula优于正态Copula,时变椭圆Copula优于静态椭圆Copula。综合来看，DCC-NBSCopula模型是所有模型中对相依结构的拟合效果最优的。     

S3亚椭圆算子的谱

本文研究了与紧流形S3上的与Hopf纤维丛相联系的亚椭圆算子的 谱.利用球调和函数的直和分解,得到了亚椭圆算子的谱和每个特征值所对应的特征空间及其维数.     

基于云模型和前景理论的城市生态位适宜度评价研究

针对评价值为不确定语言信息的城市生态位评价问题,考虑评价者风险态度对评价结果的影响,提出一种基于云模型和前景理论的城市生态位适宜度评价方法.该方法首先给出了新的生态位适宜度评价指标体系;然后,提出了一种改进的云生成方法,将不确定语言信息转化为云模型,得到云评价矩阵;在此基础上,定义正负生态位最适值,确定正负前景评价矩阵,并依据评价者判断和公平竞争原则构建指标权重模型,根据综合前景值的大小给出城市生态位排序;最后,通过实例说明了方法的可行性和有效性.     

Valuing the switching flexibility of the ethanol-gas flex fuel car

Renewable energy sources are becoming more important as the world’s supply of fossil fuels decrease and also due to environmental concerns. Since 2003, when the ethanol-gasoline flex fuel car became commercially available in Brazil, the growth of this market has been significant, to the point where currently more than 50% of the fuel consumption of cars in Brazil is from renewable biofuels (ethanol). This has been made possible due to the success of the flex fuel car, which can run on ethanol, gasoline, or any mix of these in the same fuel tank, and which is sold at a premium over the non-flex models.     

带弹性附件充液矩形贮箱俯仰运动动态响应

首先建立了俯仰运动矩形贮箱刚-液-弹耦合系统在外力矩作用下的耦合动力学模型,给出满足边界条件的速度势函数和液面波高的级数表达式,采用伽辽金法离散,将动力学模型转化为常微分方程组,得到刚-液-弹耦合系统的固有频率,给出简单的近似表达式,分析了转动中心距静液面不同位置时刚-液-弹耦合系统各阶固有频率的变化规律,系统转动中心距静液面较近时,耦合后液体反对称模态和刚体的固有频率对比耦合前减小,较远时则增大,最后进行数值验证,比较分析了液体和弹性体对刚体姿态的影响．     

Optimizing garbage collection vehicle routing problem with alternative fuel-powered vehicles

Abstract

This paper considers the garbage collection problem in which vehicles with multiple compartments are used to collect the garbage. The vehicles are considered to be Alternative Fuel-powered Vehicles (AFVs). Compared with the traditional fossil fuel powered vehicles, the AFVs have limited fuel tank capacity. In addition, AFVs are allowed to refuel only at the depot. We provide a mathematical formulation and develop two solution approaches to solve the problem. The first approach is based on the saving algorithm, while the second is based on the ant colony system (ACS) metaheuristic. New problem instances have been generated to evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithms.     

Numerical modeling of baffle location effects on the flow pattern of primary sedimentation tanks

Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is used extensively by engineers to model and analyze complex issues related to hydraulic design, planning studies for future generating stations, civil maintenance and supply efficiency. In order to find the optimal position of a baffle in a rectangular primary sedimentation tank, computational investigations are performed. Also laboratory experiments are conducted to verify the numerical results and the measured velocity fields which were by Acoustic Doppler Velocimeter (ADV) are used. The GMRES algorithm as a pressure solver was used in the computational modeling. The results of computational investigations performed in the present study indicate that the favorable flow field (uniform in the settling zone) would be enhanced for the case that the baffle position provide small circulation regions volume and dissipate the kinetic energy in the tank. Also results show that the GMRES algorithm can obtain the good agreement between the results of numerical models and experimental tests.     

The effect of number of baffles on the improvement efficiency of primary sedimentation tanks

In this study, the effect of different numbers of baffles is investigated using computational simulation. Laboratory measurements using different numbers of constant height baffles in a rectangular primary sedimentation tank are conducted. The velocity fields measured by an Acoustic Doppler Velocimeter (ADV) are used to verify the results of the computational model. The effects of the number of baffles arrangement on the hydraulic performance of primary settling tanks are studied by using two different ways: the parameters of flow pattern and the Flow Through Curves (FTCs) method. The results of both the experimental and computational investigations indicate that increasing the number of baffles in suitable positions provides minimum volume of the recirculation region, dissipates the kinetic energy, creates a uniform flow field in the tank and finally the hydraulic efficiency of the sedimentation tank will be improved.     

Numerical modeling of the effect of heat and mass transfer in porous low-temperature heat insulation in composite material structures on the magnitude of stresses which develop

The stressed state of multilayer low-temperature heat insulation for a cryogenic fuel tank is considered. Account is taken of heat and mass transfer in foam plastic (the main heat insulation material) occurring at cryogenic temperatures. A method is developed for solving a set of differential equations and boundary conditions. Numerical studies of the main features of these processes are performed. It is established that below 200 K the stresses which arise in foam plastic markedly exceed the ultimate strength for this material. Stresses develop as a result of both a reduction in temperature and a drop in pressure in the foam plastic pores connected with material cooling. On the basis of the results obtained it is established that the combination of thermophysical processes which occur in foam plastic during cooling to cryogenic temperatures leads to changes in the stress-strained state of structure, which should be considered in planning aerospace technology.Scientific Research Institute of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics, Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia. Translated from Mekhanika Kompozitmykh Materialov, Vol. 33, No. 3, pp. 384–393, May–June, 1997.     

The time evolution of the size distribution of droplets effects on the thermal explosion of polydisperse fuel spray

In this paper we investigate the problem of thermal explosion in a two-phase polydisperse combustible mixture (oxygen and fuel concentrations are takes into account). The current work presents a new, simplified model of the thermal explosion in a combustible gaseous mixture containing vaporizing fuel droplets of different radii (polydisperse). The polydispersity is modeled using a probability density function (PDF). The evolution of the size distribution of droplets due to the evaporation process is described by the kinetic equation for the PDF. An explicit expression of the critical condition for thermal explosion limit is derived analytically and represents a generalization of the critical parameter of the classical Semenov theory.     

基于TNT当量法的储罐内爆压力简化计算与应力分析

以立式拱顶储罐为研究对象,综合考虑储罐内气体容积与几何结构的影响:依据TNT当量法推导了内爆载荷下储罐超压计算公式并计算得到了储罐内不同起爆点下的超压分布曲线.当起爆点在储罐中轴线时,罐顶或罐底压力约为相反侧的6倍;当起爆点在靠近罐壁一侧时,靠近爆炸点一侧的罐顶或罐底压力约为相反侧的30倍.最后,通过储罐内爆载荷下的动力学仿真计算,对储罐在不同起爆点和不同液位的破坏情况进行了评定.有限元计算结果表明:储罐在操作过程中应控制其液位在半罐以上,可保证在任意起爆点位置罐顶均先与罐底发生破坏.