Effect of water on physical transitions of human serum albumin

Differential thermal analysis is performed for native human serum albumin, denatured human serum albumin, and their mixtures with water in the range 80–550 K. The temperatures of phase transitions of the protein are determined, and the effect of water on these transitions is ascertained. The limit of water solubility in the native protein is estimated from the calorimetry data on the enthalpy of melting of the excess-water phase. The phase diagram of the albumin-water system is plotted and analyzed in wide temperature and concentration ranges.     

蒽醌及黄酮类化合物与牛血清白蛋白结合的反应研究

用离心超过滤法测定了十四种不同结构的蒽醌及黄酮类化合物与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)的结合常数和结合部位数目,发现这些化合物与BSA 的结合能力随其脂溶性增加而增大,龙胆苦苷不与BSA结合,研究了L-色氨酸,油酸与大黄素对BSA 的竞争结合反应,结果表明L-色氨酸和大黄素拥有一个相同的强结合部位,可以发生1:1 置换反应.低浓度油酸存在下使大黄素等同的6个结合部位区分为两类:n~1=2,n~2=4, 结合部位数目不变,但结合常数显著减小,油酸浓度足够大时,大黄素完全不与BSA结合,测得大黄素与BSA结合的△H≈0.根据上述结果,对蒽醌及黄酮类化合物与BSA结合反应的机理进行了初步探讨.     

Dependence of the solubility of atmospheric oxygen in weakly alkaline aqueous solutions on surfactant concentration

The solubility of atmospheric oxygen in solutions of surfactants of different natures at 293 K and pH 8 is determined by gas chromatography. It is found that additives of nonionic surfactants decrease the oxygen content in the solution in the premicellar region and increase its solubility in the micellar region. It is shown that, for anionic surfactants, a decrease in the solubility of O₂ is observed over the entire concentration range.     

Dependence of the constants of binding for nanomarkers of the fluorescein family with human serum albumin on Ph

The effective constants of binding for probes of the fluorescein family (fluorescein and its halogen derivatives, eosin and erythrosin) with human serum albumin (HSA) at different pH were determined. It was found that the introduction of halogen groups into the structural formula of fluorescein changes the character of the dependence on pH of the effective constant of binding of a nanomarker with HSA: the nonlinear dependence of the effective constants of binding with its protein typical for fluorescein, eosin, and erythrosine is characterized by an almost linear reduction with increasing pH dependence of the effective constants of their binding with human serum albumin. It was shown that the presence of more electronegative atoms in the structural formula of nanomarker leads to decrease of values of effective constants of nanomarker binding with HSA.     

Mutual effect of the interaction of human serum albumin with cellulose in water

Adsorption of human serum albumin to microcrystalline cellulose interface has been determined as functions of protein concentration and pH of the aqueous solutions. The maximum adsorption value is reached at the protein isoelectric point. The study of adsorption at several values of pH indicates that its interaction with the MCC interface is not controlled by the electrostatic effect. The FTIR, ¹³C NMR data reveal that human serum albumin denaturates at its IEP and its macromolecules become extended. Resulting intercalates consist of microcrystalline cellulose, albumin, and solvent.     

Selective extraction of flavonoids from Ginkgo biloba leaves using human serum albumin functionalized magnetic nanoparticles

In a novel procedure, human serum albumin timctionalized magnetic nanoparticles （ HSA-MNPS ） were used to selectively extract nine flavonoids in the extract of Ginkgo biloba leaves. The chemical structures of those flavonoids were characterized with high performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry （HPLC-MS）. The selective extraction with HSA-MNPs coupled with structural elucidation with HPLC-MS shows powerful potential for analysis of bioactive components in traditional Chinese medicines.     

Binding of glycyrrhizin to human serum and human serum albumin

The binding of glycyrrhizin (GLZ) to human serum and human serum albumin (HSA) was examined by an ultrafiltration technique. Specific and nonspecific bindings were observed in both human serum and HSA. The association constants (K) for the specific bindings were very similar: 1.31 x 10(5) M-1 in human serum and 3.87 x 10(5) M-1 in HSA. The number of binding sites (n) and the linear binding coefficient (phi) in HSA were 1.95 and 3.09 x 10(3) M-1, respectively. When the human serum protein concentration was assumed to be 4.2% (equal to the measured serum albumin concentration), n in human serum was 3.09, which is similar to the n value in HSA, and phi in human serum was 0.71 x 10(3) M-1, which is reasonably close to that for HSA. The binding pattern of GLZ with human serum protein on Sephadex G-200 column chromatography showed that GLZ binds to only the albumin fraction. It was concluded that the GLZ-binding sites in human serum exist mainly on albumin and GLZ binds to specific and nonspecific binding sites at lower and higher concentrations than approximately 2 mM, respectively.     

Structural relationship and binding mechanisms of five flavonoids with bovine serum albumin

Flavonoids are structurally diverse and the most ubiquitous groups of dietary polyphenols distributed in various fruits and vegetables. In this study, the interaction between five flavonoids, namely formononetin-7-O-β-D-glucoside, calycosin- 7-O-β-D-glucoside, calycosin, rutin, and quercetin, and bovine serum albumin (BSA) was investigated by fluorescence and UV-vis absorbance spectroscopy. In the discussion, it was proved that the fluorescence quenching of BSA by flavonoids was a result of the formation of a flavonoid-BSA complex. Fluorescence quenching constants were determined using the Stern-Volmer and Lineweaver-Burk equations to provide a measure of the binding affinity between the flavonoids and BSA. The binding constants ranked in the order quercetin>rutin>calycosin>calycosin-7-O-β-D-glucoside ≈ formononetin-7-O-β-D-glucoside. The results of thermodynamic parameters ΔG, ΔH, and ΔS at different temperatures indicated that the hydrophobic interaction played a major role in flavonoid-BSA association. The distance r between BSA and acceptor flavonoids was also obtained according to F?rster's theory of non-radiative energy transfer.     

氟罗沙星与人血清白蛋白相互作用研究

以光谱技术和微量热技术相结合的方法研究水溶液中氟罗沙星分子及铁存在时与人血清白蛋白之间结合作用的机制,用荧光淬灭法测得两反应的结合常数分别为K=1.19×l05L·mol-1和1.0565×105L·mol-1,结合位点数0.97和0.835.依据Fōrster非辐射能量转移机制,得到氟罗沙星与人血清白蛋白间的结合距离(r=3.23nm).用同步荧光技术考察氟罗沙星对人血清白蛋白构象的影响.微量热法测得氟罗沙星与人血清白蛋白反应的ΔH≈0,ΔS＞0,氟罗沙星分子在铁离子存在时与人血清白蛋白反应的ΔH＜0,并且ΔS＞0表明它们的作用都主要为静电力.由于焓熵互补的作用,两反应的自由能没有发生大的变化.     

A novel chemiluminescence technique for quantitative measurement of low concentration human serum albumin.

An efficient and highly sensitive chemiluminescence (CL) technique is proposed in the current study for detection of low levels of human serum albumin (HSA). Chemiluminescence (CL) produced during interaction between fluoresceinyl cypridina luciferin analog (FCLA)-1O2 can be modified with the presence of HSA. The conventional CL technique uses a quenching effect of HSA for its quantitative measurement. We are reporting here that the CL intensity can be enhanced, rather than quenched, by the addition of HSA. The CL signal can be linearly correlated with the HSA concentration over a clinically interesting range of 5 x 10(-9) - 8 x 10(-8) mol L(-1), with a detection limit of 2.5 x 10(-9) mol L(-1). The determination result was consistent with that obtained from conventional methods. One possible mechanism of HSA detection technique using CL enhancement approach is discussed. Intermolecular energy transfer in chemiluminescence systems and changes of microenvironment are likely to be contributors of the CL enhancement with HSA.     

Hetero-tripodal hydroxypyridonate gadolinium complexes: syntheses, relaxometric properties, water exchange dynamics, and human serum albumin binding

The synthesis and relaxometric properties of hetero-tripodal hydroxypyridonate-terephthalamide gadolinium (Gd(3+)) chelates with differing structural features for probing human serum albumin (HSA) interactions are reported. The Gd(3+) complexes are divided into two series. The first series (3-5) features a benzyl derivative connected to the hydroxypyridonate (HOPO) moiety. The second series of complexes (6-10) has the common feature of a poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) attached to the terephthalamide (TAM) moiety and is nonbenzylated. The water exchange of the complexes is in the fast exchange regime with rates (k(ex)) in the range 0.45-1.11 x 10(8) s(-1). The complexes have a moderate interaction with HSA with association constants (K(A)'s) in the range 0.7-8.6 x 10(3) M(-1). Protein binding results in an enhancement in proton relaxivity from 7.7-10.4 mM(-1) s(-1) (r(1p)) to 15-29 mM(-1) s(-1) (r(1p)(b)). It is concluded that the interaction of the complexes with HSA (i) is enhanced by the presence of benzyl groups, (ii) is entropically driven, and (iii) results in a lower hydration number (q).     

High-performance liquid chromatographic determination of the binding of ceftriaxone to human serum albumin solution and albumin from diluted human serum

The binding of ceftriaxone to human serum albumin has been studied by high-performance liquid chromatography. The gel permeation method of Hummel and Dreyer was used. Ceftriaxone was tested with two sources of albumin (aqueous solution and diluted serum). After internal calibration the binding parameters were determined for each albumin, and results compared. These data are in agreement with those from classical methods for the determination of protein binding of ceftriaxone.     

四种黄酮类化合物与牛血清白蛋白相互作用的光谱分析

在人体生理pH条件下,利用紫外吸收光谱和荧光光谱研究了槲皮素(QUE)、大豆甙元(DAI)、4′,7-二甲氧基-3′-异黄酮磺酸钠(DISS)和3′-大豆甙元磺酸钠(DSS)四种黄酮类化合物与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)的相互作用,结合反应机理对其进行了初步探讨;并计算了结合位点数和结合常数.紫外吸收光谱分析结果表明,在pH=7.4条件下,黄酮类化合物中疏水性的苯环与BSA疏水腔中的氨基酸残基发生作用,从而导致药物分子的吸收峰红移,用Scatchard拟合法可求得DAI及DSS与BSA的结合常数.荧光光谱分析结果表明,BSA对DAI、DISS和DSS均有明显的敏化增强效应,计算得到的增强速率常数分别为1.39×1011,7.72×1011和1.93×1012L·s-1·mol-1,并可求得结合位点数和结合常数.     

Binding of oxovanadium(V) anion to bovine serum albumin,human serum albumin and bovine pancreatic trypsin

The binding of vanadium(V) to bovine serum albumin (BSA), human serum albumin (HSA), and bovine pancreatic trypsin in the absence and presence of urea has been studied at different pH values and temperatures by spectrophotometric and equilibrium dialysis methods. The binding data were found to be pH and temperature dependent. The binding data at pH 5.57, studied by the absorbance method, were found approximately identical with those obtained from the equilibrium dialysis method at this pH. The enthalpy change at pH 5.57 for vanadium(V)-protein was −368.4 cal Mole⁻¹ for BSA, −328.8 cal Mole⁻¹ for HSA and −1372 cal Mole⁻¹ for trypsin respectively. The association constants and the number of binding sites were calculated from Scatchard plots and found to be at maximum at lower pH and at lower temperature. The free energy of the combining sites was lowest at higher pH and highest at low pH. Therefore, a lower temperature and a lower pH offered more sites in the protein molecule for interaction with vanadium(V) ions. Statistical effects seem to be more significant at lower vanadium(V) ion concentrations, and electrostatic effects more significant at higher concentrations.     

Phase-resolved fluoroimmunoassay of human serum albumin

In the homogeneous immunoassay of human serum albumin described, a difference in fluorescence lifetime is used along with a small difference in fluorescence intensity to discriminate between the free and the antibody-bound labelled antigen. The immunoassay is based on the use of phase-resolved fluorescence measurements, in which sinusoidally-modulated excitation is combined with phase-sensitive detection to generate time-dependent signals which are integrated over a pi-interval to produce phase-resolved intensities. Texas Red was used as the fluorescent label. Negligible matrix effects were observed from serum, and a comparison of values determined by using the phase-resolved fluoroimmunoassay with values provided by the hospital from which the samples were obtained yielded a correlation coefficient of 0.996.     

水杨酸与人血清白蛋白的相互作用研究

采用荧光光谱法,紫外光谱法及圆二色谱法研究了具抗凝血作用的水杨酸与人血清白蛋白(HSA)的相互作用.结果表明,水杨酸对人血清白蛋白荧光产生猝灭现象,猝灭方式为静态猝灭.通过同步荧光法和圆二色谱法发现水杨酸的存在明显改变人血清白蛋白的构象.     

Investigation on the interaction between a heterocyclic aminal derivative, SBDC, and human serum albumin

The interaction between a novel promising drug (spiro[(2R,3R,4S)-4-benzyloxy-2,3-isopropylidene-dioxy-1-oxa-cyclopentane-5,5′-(2-benzoylmethylene-1,3-diaza-cyclohexane)] (SBDC)) and human serum albumin (HSA) under physiological conditions has been investigated by using fluorescence, absorption, and circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopic techniques in combination with protein–ligand docking study. It was observed that SBDC has a strong ability to quench the intrinsic fluorescence of HSA through a static quenching procedure. The association constants of SBDC with HSA were determined at different temperatures based on fluorescence quenching results. The negative ΔH and positive ΔS values in case of SBDC–HSA complex showed that apart from an initial hydrophobic association, both van der Waals interactions and hydrogen bonding play a vital role in the binding of SBDC to HSA. The quantitative analysis data of CD spectra showed that the binding of SBDC to HSA induced conformational changes in HSA and the α-helix of 52.1% in free HSA increased to 55.7% in HSA–SBDC complex. The distance between donor (HSA) and acceptor (SBDC) was obtained according to the Förster's theory of non-radiation energy transfer. Data obtained by spectroscopic techniques and protein–ligand docking study suggested that SBDC binds to residues located in subdomain IIA of HSA.