State of the copper-containing component and the catalytic properties of Cu/ZSM-5 in selective NO reduction with propane

Supported Cu/ZSM-5 catalysts have been synthesized by ion exchange and impregnation using aqueous ammonia solutions of copper nitrate containing orbital-ordered copper ions. The state of the copper-containing component in the pore space of the catalysts and copper sorption in the catalysts have been investigated by a complex of physicochemical methods. The catalytic properties of Cu/ZSM-5 in the selective catalytic reduction of NO with propane are reported. The catalytic properties depend on the copper precursor structure and deposition method, which determine the size of the copper oxide clusters on the outer surface of zeolite crystals.     

Pyrolysis of n-pentane on ZSM-5 zeolite

Pyrolysis of n-pentane has been studied at the temperature range 653–753 K on ZSM-5 zeolite. High catalytic activity and selectivity of H-ZSM-5 zeolite was found. The yield of propane was about 80 wt. %. A mechanism of the process is proposed.

---

H-ZSM-5 n- 653–153 . . 80%. n-.

     

一步法合成多级孔结构ZSM-5分子筛

多级孔结构ZSM-5分子筛的合成过程复杂。利用双模板剂,通过优化晶化条件(如晶化时间与晶化温度)和Si/Al物质的量比等一步水热晶化合成了具有多级孔结构的ZSM-5分子筛,并采用XRD、N₂吸附-脱附、吡啶红外吸脱附、SEM和TEM等方法对样品的晶体结构、孔道结构、表面酸性和形貌等进行了表征。结果表明,一步法合成多级孔结构ZSM-5分子筛的适宜条件是:晶化温度160-180℃,晶化时间24-96 h,反应物组成为SiO₂/Al₂O₃/Na₂O/CTAB/TPABr/H₂O=1/x/0.4/0.05/0.12/280,(x:50-240)。其中,晶化温度160℃、晶化时间48 h和以Si/Al物质的量比50的凝胶合成的样品具有有序的介孔(平均尺寸3.60 nm)结构、较高的结晶度和较强的酸性。     

Formation of superacid centers in the structure of zeolite ZSM-5

The structural changes and acid characteristics of the zeolite ZSM-5 modified with titanium and sulfur were studied. The modifier components were chemically bonded to the zeolite structure. The acid characteristics of zeolite changed and superacid centers appeared. A physicochemical study showed that treatment of zeolite with titanium tetrachloride and sulfuryl chloride did not change its structure and molecular-sieve properties.     

高硅ZSM-5沸石孔道和酸性的协同调控及其催化甲醇制丙烯反应性能

通过碱处理结合铬改性策略实现了对高硅ZSM-5沸石孔道和酸性的协同调控,制备出了一种具有适宜酸性的高硅多级孔沸石催化剂。在碱处理的过程中,通过精细调节合成凝胶组成,在沸石晶体中引入的丰富共生界面,诱导了介孔的形成,从而打破了沸石硅铝比对常规碱处理法的限制。在铬改性的过程中,独特的多级孔结构促进了铬在催化剂中的分散,从而实现了对酸性的深度改性。在甲醇制丙烯催化反应中,制备的催化剂表现出了极佳的催化稳定性以及很高的丙烯和总低碳烯烃选择性。     

高硅ZSM-5沸石孔道和酸性的协同调控及其催化甲醇制丙烯反应性能

通过碱处理结合铬改性策略实现了对高硅 ZSM-5沸石孔道和酸性的协同调控, 制备出了一种具有适宜酸性的高硅多级孔沸石催化剂。在碱处理的过程中, 通过精细调节合成凝胶组成, 在沸石晶体中引入的丰富共生界面, 诱导了介孔的形成, 从而打破了沸石硅铝比对常规碱处理法的限制。在铬改性的过程中, 独特的多级孔结构促进了铬在催化剂中的分散, 从而实现了对酸性的深度改性。在甲醇制丙烯催化反应中, 制备的催化剂表现出了极佳的催化稳定性以及很高的丙烯和总低碳烯烃选择性。     

Single-template synthesis of zeolite ZSM-5 composites with tunable mesoporosity

Hierarchically structured composites (TUD-C) with ZSM-5 crystals embedded in a well-connected mesoporous matrix were synthesized by using only one organic templating/scaffolding molecule (TPAOH).     

Use of diffusion barriers in the preparation of supported zeolite ZSM-5 membranes

Zeolite ZSM-5 membranes were prepared by in situ crystallization on porous α-Al₂O₃ disks that contained a diffusion barrier to limit excessive penetration of siliceous species into the alumina pores. The barrier was introduced into the alumina pores by impregnating the porous disk with a 1:1 molar mixture of furfuryl alcohol (FA) and tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS), polymerizing the mixture retained in the disk, and carbonizing the resulting polymer at 600°C in N₂. Following carbonization, a partial carbon burn-off was carried out by catalyzed oxidation in 2% O₂N₂ at 600°C to generate a carbon-free region near the surface of the support. After zeolite crystallization, the remaining carbon and the organic structure directing agent were removed by calcination in air, at 500°C. It was found that pure carbon does not support zeolite growth while the solid obtained from a mixture of FA and TEOS does, due to the presence of dispersed silica. Membranes synthesized using barriers have n-butane flux and n-butane/isobutane selectivity 2.7 × 10⁻³ mol m⁻² s⁻¹ and 45, respectively, at 185°C, which are, respectively, ca. 1.6 and 4 times as large as those of membranes prepared without the use of barriers. Electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) revealed that the internal layer of the barrier-pretreated membrane has smaller thickness and higher crystallinity accounting for the increased flux and selectivity.     

Ambient xenon sampling using an Ag/ZSM-5 zeolite

Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry - An ambient xenon sampling system using Ag/ZSM-5 was designed, and its performance was tested. The xenon collection efficiency of the system was...     

Control of Al distribution in ZSM-5 by conditions of zeolite synthesis

Concentration of Al-O-(Si-O)1,2-Al sequences located in one ring and forming cationic sites for divalent cations in ZSM-5 can be controlled in a wide range of their concentrations by the variation of the source of aluminium and silicon used for synthesis of this zeolite.     

ZSM-5分子筛的脱硅改性及加氢改质性能

考察了水热与碱联合处理过程中两者的先后顺序对ZSM-5分子筛酸性和孔结构的影响,并与单独的水热和碱处理进行了比较。结果表明,水热后的碱处理对ZSM-5分子筛具有骨架脱硅、骨架补铝和清除非骨架铝物种三重作用,而碱处理后的水热处理具有骨架脱铝和部分骨架稳定化双重作用。与先水热处理再碱处理相比,先碱处理后的水热处理在优化分子筛酸性和产生介孔方面更加有效。基于水热-碱联合处理的HZSM-5分子筛所制备的催化剂对催化裂化汽油的加氢改质表现出适中的异构化活性、较高的烯烃芳构化活性以及最高的稳定性。     

A method for estimation of transport properties of ZSM-5 zeolite

A method for a quick testing of transport properties of samples of a zeolite catalyst has been developed. The method is based on the application of gas-phase chromatography, where the tested sample is used as the stationary phase. Cyclopentene, cyclohexane, and 1,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane were used as the testing molecules. A retention indexes for samples comparison were introduced. The method is sensitive even to small changes in the zeolite structures caused by binding agents and/or alkali metals.     

Rapid crystallization and morphological adjustment of zeolite ZSM-5 in nonionic emulsions

Zeolite ZSM-5 was synthesized for the first time in a nonionic emulsion composed of polyoxyethylated alkylphenol, butanol, cyclohexane and tetraethylammonium hydroxide (TEAOH)-containing zeolite synthesis mixture. The crystallization kinetics in the emulsion was investigated and the ZSM-5 product was characterized in detail by XRD, SEM, FT-IR, TG, N₂ adsorption and CHN analysis techniques. Compared with the conventionally hydrothermal synthesis with the same structure directing agent TEAOH, the emulsion system allows rapid crystallization of ZSM-5. The ZSM-5 product exhibits unusual agglomerated structure and possesses larger specific surface area. The FT-IR, TG results plus CHN analysis show the encapsulation of a trace of emulsion components in the emulsion ZSM-5. Control experiments show the emulsion system exerts the crystallization induction and morphological adjustment effects mainly during the aging period. The effects are tentatively attributed to the confined space domains, surfactant-water interaction as well as surfactant-growing crystals interaction existing in the emulsion.     

Hydrodechlorination of chlorophenols over Pt- and Co-containing ZSM-5 zeolite catalysts

Summary Some of the chlorinated organic compounds are widely used commercially because of their advantageous chemical/physical properties or being toxic to pestiferous living substances. We have prepared and applied monometallic Co-, Pt- and bimetallic Co,Pt-ZSM-5 zeolite catalysts for hydrotreating 2- and 4-chlorophenols in the temperature range of 300-400 oC using a fixed-bed laboratory reactor system equipped with a gas chromatograph for analysis. In the reaction over the Pt-containing catalyst high initial conversion can be observed, the compounds transform to cyclohexanone, however, the activity of the catalyst decreases even during the 2 h reaction time. In the presence of Co-ZSM-5, the main reaction is simple hydrodechlorination resulting in phenol as the main product, and this catalyst is stable, and the activity does not change. The bimetallic catalyst combines the advantages (and disadvantages) of the monometallic samples. The hydroconversion of chlorophenols resulted in the formation of cyclohexanone with high initial selectivity. However, because of the relatively short catalyst lifetime further optimization is necessary before practical application.</o:p>     

Catalytic transformation of methane over in-loaded ZSM-5 zeolite in the presence of ethene

Methane is shown to react with ethene over In-loaded ZSM-5 to higher hydrocarbons such as propene and toluene at around 673 K. Such methane conversion is not catalyzed by proton-exchanged ZSM-5 (H-ZSM-5) under the same conditions, only C2H4 being converted to higher hydrocarbons. By using 13C-labeled methane (13CH4) as a reactant, the reaction paths for the formation of propene, benzene and toluene were examined. 13C-labeled propene (13CC2H6) is formed by the reaction of 13CH4 with C2H4. The lack of 13C-labeled benzene revealed that propene is not transformed to benzene, which instead originates entirely from C2H4. The 13C atom is inserted both into the methyl group and benzene ring in the toluene formed. This indicates that toluene is formed by two reaction paths; the reaction of 13CC2H6 with butenes formed by the dimerization of C2H4 and the reaction of benzene with 13CH4. The existence of the latter path was proved by the direct reaction of 13CH4 with benzene. The reaction of methane with benzene was also carried out in a continuous flow system over In-loaded ZSM-5. The reaction afforded 7.6% and 0.9% yields of toluene and xylenes, respectively, at 623 K.     

Solid-state ion exchange of ammonium heptamolybdate tetrahydrate into ZSM-5 zeolite

Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry - Thermal decomposition (2&nbsp;K&nbsp;min?1) of ammonium heptamolybdate tetrahydrate, performed between room temperature and...     

Crystallisation of zeolite mordenite and ZSM-5 without the aid of a template

A complex of tenoxicam with-cyclodextrin was prepared by using co-grinding and freeze drying methods. The resulting products were studied by the solubility method, ultraviolet and infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffractometry. The dissolution behaviour of the products was also examined. The dissolution rate of the co-ground and freeze-dried products was faster than that of the pure drug and the physical mixture of drug and-cyclodextrin. The enhanced dissolution rate of the products might be attributed to the amorphous state, the increased wettability of the drug and the inclusion complex formation.