Mesogenic behaviour of two series of orthopalladated polar inline derivatives and their organic ligands (II)

One series of 4-n-octyl-N-(4-X-benzylidene)anilines and two series of polar orthopalladated complexes derived from these of type Pd₂(μ-Y)₂ p-X-C₆H₃-CH = N-C₆H₄-C₈H₁₇₂; X: -H, -F, -Cl, -Br, -NO₂, -CN, -CH₃, -OCH₃, -CF₃, -COOCH₃, -OCOCH₃ and -OCOQH₅; Y: -OAc and -Cl; have been synthesized and their mesogenic properties studied. In the polar Schiff bases used as organic ligands, the polar end group determines both the presence of the mesophase and the type of mesophase exhibited. In the complexes, however, it is the central structure of the molecule that practically always determines mesogenic behaviour. No acetato-bridged complex is mesogenic. All the chloro-bridged complexes, however, show mesogenic behaviour. All these compounds show smectic A mesophases with the exception of the CN compound, which only exhibits a nematic mesophase.     

Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Novel Anthranilic Diamides Containing N-H/CH3-1H-Pyrazole

In order to systematically study the structure-activity relationship of anthranilic diamides and develop insecticides with simple structure and high efficiency, a series of novel anthranilic diamides containing N-H/CH₃-1H-pyrazole was designed and synthesized. Their chemical structures were characterized by ¹H NMR spectra, high resolution mass spectrometry(HRMS) or ¹³C NMR spectra. The preliminary bioassay results indicated that all title compounds displayed moderate insecticidal activity against oriental armyworm(Mythimna separata) at 200 mg/L and fungicidal activities against six kinds of fungi at 50 mg/L, especially compound 5i showed 50% insecticidal activity at 25 mg/L. In addition, some compounds exhibited certain antitumor activities. It was demonstrated that the introduction of CH₃ group into pyrazole ring was superior to H for the insecticidal activity.     

Synthesis and structure-insecticidal activity relationship of novel phenylpyrazole carboxylic acid derivatives containing fluorine moiety

A series of novel phenylpyrazole carboxylic acid derivatives containing fluorine moiety,i.e.,diamides 11,simple aryl-bearing amides 12 and acylthioureas 14 were successfully synthesized based on the key fluo ro-containing phe nylpyrazole acid intermediate.The new compounds were identified and confirmed by melting point,1H NMR,13C NMR and elemental analysis or HRMS.The bioassay results indicated that some of the compounds possessed excellent insecticidal activities towards oriental armyworm,diamondback moth and corn borer at low concentrations.For examples,compounds 11a,11e-g and 14b exhibited remarkable larvicidal activities with LC50 values of 0.13-0.39 mg/L and 0.0002-0.0014 mg/L against oriental armyworm and diamondback moth,respectively,were comparable with those of the control chlorantraniliprole.Particularly,lie were found superior to chlorantraniliprole in oriental armyworm tests(LC50:0.23 mg/L vs.0.26 mg/L);11a,lie,11f and 14c in diamondback moth tests with LC50 values of 0.0002 mg/L,0.0002 mg/L,0.0008 mg/L and 0.0005 mg/L,respectively,we re more effective than that of chlorantraniliprole.In addition,12 a also showed a promising insecticidal potential and development/optimization advantage.Compounds 11a,lle-g,12a,14b and 14c could be considered as possible new leading structures for further study.The SAR investigation indicated that the compounds with fluorine motif(e.g.,-F,-CF2H,-CF3)held apparently favorable insecticidal potentials,which provided useful guidance for further design/development of new phenylpyrazole-containing agrochemicals.     

Homorubin. A centrally homologated bilirubin

The synthesis and spectroscopic properties are described for homorubin (1), a novel bilirubin analog with a central -CH₂-CH₂- unit replacing the -CH₂- bridge at C-10.     

Synthesis, characterization and reactivity of palladium(II) compounds containing terdentate [Csp, N, S] or [Csp, N, S] ligands

The study of the reactivity of R---CH=N---(C₆H₄-2-SMe) with R=C₆H₅ or 2,4,6-Me₃-C₆H₂ with palladium(II) salts is reported. These studies have allowed us to prepare and characterize the coordination complexes: cis-[Pd{R---CH=N---(C₆H₄-2-SMe)}Cl₂] {R=C₆H₅ or 2,4,6-Me₃-C₆H₂} and the cyclopalladated compounds [Pd{C₆H₄---CH=N---(C₆H₄-2-SMe)}Cl] and [Pd{(2-CH₂-4,6-Me₂-C₆H₂)---CH=N---(C₆H₄-2-SMe)}Cl]. The X-ray crystal structures of the latter complexes reveal that the thioimines act as a [Csp², phenyl,N,S]⁻ and as a [Csp³, N,S]⁻ terdentate group, respectively. The study of the reactions of the cyclopalladated compounds with PPh₃ is also reported.     

N,N′-bis(substituted-phenyl)oxamides and their dinuclear pentacoordinate nickel(II) complexes

The preparation, spectroscopic characterization and magnetic study of N,N′-bis(substituted-phenyl)oxamidate-bridged nickel(II) dinuclear complexes of formula {[Ni(N₃-mc)]₂(μ-CONC₆H₄-X)}(PF₆)₂ (N₃-mc = 2,4,4-trimethyl-1,5,9-triazacyclo-dodec-1-ene (Me₃-N₃-mc) or 2,4,4,9-tetramethyl-1,5,9-triazacyclododec-1-ene (Me₄-N₃-mc), X = 2-Cl, 4-Cl, 2-OCH₃, 4-OCH₃) are reported. These paramagnetic nickel(II) complexes have been characterized by both one- and two-dimensional (COSY) ¹H NMR techniques. The COSY spectrum of 5 has allowed to achieve the assignment of the phenyl protons of the N,N′-diphenyloxamidate. The crystal structures of [Ni(Me₃-N₃-mc)(μ-CONC₆H₄-4-Cl)]₂(PF₆)₂ (6), [Ni(Me₃-N₃-mc)(μ-CONC₆H₄-4-OMe)]₂(PF₆)₂ (8) and [Ni(Me₄-N₃-mc)(μ-CONC₆H₄-2-Cl)]₂(PF₆)₂ (9) have been determined and their magnetic properties have been studied. The value of magnetic coupling between the two nickel(II) ions across the oxamidate bridge [J = − 37.6 (6), −39.9 (8) and −39.7 cm⁻¹ (9)] is sensitive to the distortion of the coordination sphere of the metal ions and the topology of the molecular bridge.     

Synthesis,spectroscopic characterization and in vitro antitumor activities of some novel mononuclear Ru(Ⅱ) complexes

The synthesis and spectroscopic characterization of ruthenium complexes（R-l to R-8） of the type[Ru（A）₂（B）],(where A = 1,10-phenanthroline/2,2′-bipyridine and B = 3.4.5-tri-OCH₃DPC,4-CH₃-DPC,4-N-（CH₃）₂-DPC,4-NO₂-DPC arc described. These ligands form bidentate octahedral ruthenium complexes.The title complexes were subjected to in vitro cytotoxic activity measurements against the human cancer T-lymphocyte cell lines MTT assay.In vitro evaluation of these ruthenium complexes revealed cytotoxic activity from 0.24 to 1.4μg/mL against CEM,0.44 to 1.9μg/mL against Molt4/C8.0.28 to 1.5μg/mL against L1210,0.24 to 0.98μg/mL against HL60,and 0.25 to 1.2μg/mL against BEL7402,depending the nature of the compound.     

Inverse phase transfer catalysis: kinetics of the pyridine-1-oxide-catalyzed two-phase reactions of methyl-, methoxy-, iodo-, and nitro-benzoyl chlorides and benzoate ions

The substitution reactions of XC₆H₄COCl [X=2-, 3-, or 4-CH₃; 2-, 3-, or 4-CH₃O; 2-, or 4-I; or 2-, 3-, or 4-NO₂] and YC₆H₄COONa [Y=2-, 3-, or 4-CH₃; 2-, 3-, or 4-CH₃O; 2-I; 4-NO₂; or H] in a two-phase H₂O/CH₂Cl₂ medium using pyridine-1-oxide (PNO) as an inverse phase transfer catalyst were investigated. In general, the kinetics of the reaction follows a pseudo-first-order rate law, with the observed rate constant being a linear function of the concentration of PNO in the water phase. In contrast to other analogous reactions, the hydrolysis reaction of 2-, 3-, or 4-NO₂C₆H₄COCl in H₂O/CH₂Cl₂ medium is catalyzed considerably by PNO and reaches an equilibrium. In the PNO-catalyzed reaction of XC₆H₄COCl and XC₆H₄COONa in H₂O/CH₂Cl₂ medium, the order of reactivities of XC₆H₄COCl toward reaction with PNO in CH₂Cl₂ is 2-IC₆H₄COCl>4-IC₆H₄COCl>(C₆H₅COCl,3-CH₃OC₆H₄COCl)>3-CH₃C₆H₄COCl>(2-CH₃C₆H₄COCl,4-CH₃C₆H₄COCl)>4-CH₃OC₆H₄COCl>2-CH₃OC₆H₄COCl. Combined with the results of other analogous reactions, good Hammett correlations with positive reaction constant were obtained for the meta- and para-substituents, which supports that the XC₆H₄COCl–PNO reaction in CH₂Cl₂ is a nucleophilic substitution reaction.     

Theoretical studies on tautomerism of tetrazole derivatives by polarisable continuum method (PCM)

Computational calculations at B3LYP/6-31++G(d,p) level were employed in the study of the predominant tautomeric forms of 1-H and 2-H tetrazole derivatives (5-NO₂, 5-CF₃, 5-F, 5-H, 5-NH₂, 5-OH, 5-CH₃) in the gas phase and solution using PCM model. For electron withdrawing derivatives in the gas phase and solution 2-H forms are more stable and dominant form. For electron releasing groups in the gas phase and solution with low dielectric constants the 2-H form is more stable but in solvents with high dielectric constants 1-H isomer is dominant form. In addition variation of dipole moments and charges on atoms in the solvents are studied.     

煤化程度对煤基固体酸结构及其水解纤维素性能的影响

利用煤具有缩合芳环、脂肪侧链及含氧官能团的结构特点，采用不同煤化程度的煤为碳源，在不同炭化温度下制备了煤基固体酸催化剂（CSA）。通过XRD、FT-IR、¹³C NMR对催化剂结构进行了表征。以还原糖和葡萄糖的产率为考察指标，探讨了煤化程度和炭化温度对煤基固体酸非均相催化水解纤维素的影响。结果表明，煤作为碳源具有传统碳源所不具备的结构优势，煤基固体酸碳层片上除含有磺酸基、酚羟基和羧基外，还含有传统碳基固体酸不具备的桥键（-O-、-CH₂-）和侧链（-CH₃、-OCH₃、-CH₂CH₃）。除磺酸基外，其余均由煤的结构演化而来。随着炭化温度的升高，催化剂的芳香度增大、活性基团的种类和数量减少、磺酸基密度逐渐下降，且随着煤化程度增加，煤基固体酸结构可调性降低，所需要的最佳炭化温度也逐渐降低。不同种类的煤基固体酸在水解纤维素过程中表现出了较高的活性，其中，霍林河煤基固体酸的活性最高。水解活性受催化剂芳香片层大小及堆叠高度、片层之间桥键和磺酸基密度等因素的影响，是众多活性基团协同作用的结果。     

氯合间取代四苯基卟啉铁与咪唑类配体配位反应的热力学研究

用紫外可见光谱法,在ＤＭＳＯ中测量了氯合间取代四苯基铁卟啉与多种咪唑类配体反应的平衡常数,研究了卟啉环上取代基、反应温度以及配体等因素对反应平衡常数的影响。利用温度系数法测定了反应体系的热力学函数ΔｒＨｍ和ΔｒＳｍ。     

Synthesis, structures and oxygen atom transfer catalysis of oxo-bridged molybdenum(V) complexes with heterocyclic bidentate ligands (N,X) X = S, Se

The dinuclear μ-oxomolybdenum(V) complexes [Mo₂O₃(PyS)₄] (1), [Mo₂O₃(PySe)₄] (2) and [Mo₂O₃(4-CF₃-PymS)₄] (3) were obtained by similar reactions of the [MoO₂Cl₂(DME)] precursor with the corresponding heterocyclic bidentate (N,X) ligands, X = S, Se, where PyS, PySe and 4-CF₃-PymS are the anions of pyridine-2-thione, pyridine-2-selenolato and 4-trifluoromethyl-2-pyrimidinthiol, respectively. All compounds were characterized by elemental analysis, IR, NMR, EI-MS spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. The crystal structures of 1–3 all include the common [Mo₂O₃]⁴⁺ core. Compounds 1 and 2 are isostructural. The catalytic oxo-transfer properties of the molybdenum(V) compounds 1 and 2 were studied by the use of PPh₃ in DMSO with a considerably higher catalytic activity for the thionato containing complex 1 than for its selenolato containing analogue 2.     

Design,synthesis and insecticidal activities of novel anthranilic diamides containing fluorinated groups as potential ryanodine receptors activitors

In order to search for novel potent and environmentally benign insecticides, a series of anthranilic diamides containing various fluorinated groups were designed and synthesized. Their structures were confirmed by ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, ¹⁹F NMR, elemental analysis, HRMS or mass spectra. Their insecticidal activities against oriental armyworm (Mythimna separata) and diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella) were evaluated. The preliminary structure-activity relationship (SAR) was discussed in detail. The biological assay indicated that most of the compounds exhibited moderate to excellent insecticidal activities. Especially, Ia showed high larvicidal activity against oriental armyworm. Meanwhile, Iu had better larvicidal effects against diamondback moth than commercial chlorantraniliprole.     

Interaction of half-sandwich alkylmolybdenum(III) complexes with B(C6F5)3. The X-ray structure of [CpMo(η-C4H6)(μ-Cl)(μ-CH2)(O)MoCp][CH3B(C6F5)3]

The reactions of the half-sandwich molybdenum(III) complexes CpMo(η⁴-C₄H₄R₂)(CH₃)₂, where Cp=η⁵-C₅H₅ and R=H or CH₃, with equimolar amounts of B(C₆F₅)₃ have been investigated in toluene. EPR monitoring shows the formation of an addition product which does not readily react with Lewis bases such as ethylene, pyridine, or PMe₃. The analysis of the EPR properties and the X-ray structure of a decomposition product obtained from dichloromethane, [CpMo(η⁴-C₄H₆)(μ-Cl)(μ-CH₂)(O)MoCp][CH₃B(C₆F₅)₃], indicate that the borane attack has occurred at the methyl position.     

A new series of nematic and smectic liquid crystals with negative dielectric anisotropy: the effect of terminal chain substitution on thermal and electro-optical properties

Two alkyl (1b and 1c) and four fluoroalkyl derivatives (1d-1f) of 4-arylbutyric acid (1c, 1d and 1e) and 4-arylbutanol (1b, 1f and 1g) [aryl = 2',3'-difluoro-4'-(2-(E-4-pentylcyclohexyl)ethyl)-biphenyl-1-yl] were prepared and investigated in the pure form as nematic materials (1b and 1c) and as additives to a ferroelectric liquid crystal (FLC) host (1d-1f). A comparison of 1b and 1c with the decyl analogue 1a demonstrates the effect of terminal chain modification on thermal and electro-optical properties. The substitution of the -CH₂O- (1b) or -COO- (1c) for -CH₂CH₂- in 1a destabilized the N and SmA phases or completely eliminated the smectic behaviour (1c). Dielectric analysis revealed that the chain modification increased the negative Δε, reduced elastic constant K ₁₁ and moderately decreased rotational viscosity γ₁. The temperature dependence of the key electro-optical parameters was analysed for ester 2, the methyl analogue of 1c, which exhibits a 45 K wide N phase. All four fluoroalkyl derivatives 1d-1f showed enantiotropic SmA phases and 1e also exhibited a monotropic SmC phase. Solutions of 1d-1f in a FLC host (0.2 mmol g^-1) increased the tilt angle Θ (up to 45° for 1g), reduced rotational viscosity γ₁ and the risetime τ. The most dramatic changes were observed for 1g, which contains 15 fluorine atoms.     

Unusual demethylation of 1-dimethylamine-1-carba-closo-dodecarbonate(11)

1-Dimethylamine-1-carba-closo-dodecaborane(1), 1-(CH₃)₂NH-1-CB₁₁H₁₁, can be smoothly demethylated with iodine in weakly alkaline solution to produce 1-methylamine-1-carba-closo-dodecarborane(11), 1-CH₃NH₂-1-CB₁₁H₁₁. The latter compound undergoes formylation with formaldehyde and iodine to give 1-hydroxymethylene-methylamine-1-carba-closo-dodecaborane(11). Further chemical transformations of both compounds are reported.     

Synthesis and biological activities of novel 2-amino-1,3-thiazole-4-carboxylic acid derivatives

A series of novel 2-amino-1, 3-thiazole-4-carboxylic acid derivatives were designed and synthesized. Their structures were confirmed by melting points, IR, ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, and HRMS or elemental analysis. Biological activities of all title compounds including fungicidal activity and antivirus activity were evaluated systematically. Preliminary bioassays indicated that these compounds exhibited good fungicidal activity at 50 μg/mL, compounds 4b and 4i exhibited over 50% activity against six fungi tested. Most compounds showed good activity against TMV with different models in vivo at 100 μg/mL. Compounds 4c and 4e stood out with high effects against TMV in vivo in all models tested, including protective, inactivative, curative, and inductive activities. These data demonstrate a new strategy for fungi and virus control.     

Design,Synthesis, Structure‐Activity Relationship and Insecticidal Activities of Trifluoromethyl‐Containing Sulfiliminyl and Sulfoximinyl Phthalic Acid Diamide Structure

Due to a novel mode action, low toxicity to mammals and low residue characteristics, phthalic acid diamides have aroused considerable interests in agricultural chemistry. With introduction of N‐cyano, N‐trifluoroacetyl, N‐carbamoylsulfiliminyl and sulfoximinyl substituents into phthalamides, 12 novel derivatives containing trifluoromethyl moiety were designed and synthesized. All title compounds were characterized by ¹H NMR and high‐resolution mass spectrometry. The preliminary results of biological activity assessment indicated that some title compounds exhibited moderate to good insecticidal activities against oriental armyworm (Pseudaletia separata Walker). In particular, Va gave higher activity against oriental armyworm and diamondback moth. The present work reported that the new trifluoromethylated diamides incorporating N‐trifluoroacetylsulfoximinyl moieties are potential lead compounds for further structure optimization, providing some insight into the relating structure‐activity relationship.     

Meerwein芳基化反应(Ⅰ)——N-乙烯基邻苯二甲酰亚胺的芳基化

Meerwein芳基化反应是在烯键上导入芳基的一种重要方法:ArN₂Cl+RCH=CHZ→ArCR=CHZ+ArCHRCHClZ化合物RCH=CHZ中Z为电子取代基时,反应容易进行,Z为OAc、OR时,也可以起芳基化反应,但烯胺(Z=NR₂)与芳基重氮盐作用,只得到偶联产物。烯胺与N,N-二烷基苯胺为插烯物(Vinglogs),由于氮原子上的未共电子对与π键共轭,使烯键或苯环碳原子上电子密度增加,容易起偶联反应。     

The synthesis and liquid crystal properties of some 4-n-nonylphenyl esters of 3-(4'-n-alkoxybiphenylyl)- and 3-(4'-n-alkoxybiphenylyl)-3-methyl-propanoic acids and their laterally fluorinated analogues

A number of 4-n-nonylphenyl esters and mono- and di-fluorinated 4-n-nonylphenyl esters derived from 3-(4'-n-alkoxybiphenylyl)propanoic acids (II) have been synthesized and their thermotropic liquid crystal properties assessed with a view to obtaining tilted smectic phases for possible use in ferroelectric display devices. Many of these compounds exhibit wide temperature range S_C and S_I/F phases, but none gave the ideal phase sequence S_C-S_A-N-I mainly because the structure of these compounds was not conducive to the formation of the nematic phase. To try to alleviate this problem a series of 4-n-nonylphenyl esters based on 3-(4'-n-alkoxybiphenylyl)-3-methylpropanoic acid was prepared, where a lateral methyl group was incorporated in the β-position of the -CH₂CH₂CO₂- linkage. Incorporation of the lateral methyl group encouraged the formation of a nematic phase at the expense of both the smectic A phase and tilted smectic phases.