共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Laureano F. Escudero Pasumarti V. Kamesam Alan J. King Roger J-B. Wets 《Annals of Operations Research》1993,43(6):309-335
Several Linear Programming (LP) and Mixed Integer Programming (MIP) models for the production and capacity planning problems with uncertainty in demand are proposed. In contrast to traditional mathematical programming approaches, we use scenarios to characterize the uncertainty in demand. Solutions are obtained for each scenario and then these individual scenario solutions are aggregated to yield a nonanticipative or implementable policy. Such an approach makes it possible to model nonstationarity in demand as well as a variety of recourse decision types. Two scenario-based models for formalizing implementable policies are presented. The first model is a LP model for multi-product, multi-period, single-level production planning to determine the production volume and product inventory for each period, such that the expected cost of holding inventory and lost demand is minimized. The second model is a MIP model for multi-product, multi-period, single-level production planning to help in sourcing decisions for raw materials supply. Although these formulations lead to very large scale mathematical programming problems, our computational experience with LP models for real-life instances is very encouraging. 相似文献
2.
A Baykasoǧlu 《The Journal of the Operational Research Society》2001,52(12):1359-1369
Goal programming (GP) is one of the most commonly used mathematical programming tools to model multiple objective optimisation (MOO) problems. There are numerous MOO problems of various complexity modelled using GP in the literature. One of the main difficulties in the GP is to solve their mathematical formulations optimally. Due to difficulties imposed by the classical solution techniques there is a trend in the literature to solve mathematical programming formulations including goal programmes, using the modern heuristics optimisation techniques, namely genetic algorithms (GA), tabu search (TS) and simulated annealing (SA). This paper uses the multiple objective tabu search (MOTS) algorithm, which was proposed previously by the author to solve GP models. In the proposed approach, GP models are first converted to their classical MOO equivalent by using some simple conversion procedures. Then the problem is solved using the MOTS algorithm. The results obtained from the computational experiment show that MOTS can be considered as a promising candidate tool for solving GP models. 相似文献
3.
《Operations Research Letters》1986,5(6):299-304
The study presents mathematical programming formulations for the statistical classification problem. The formulations maximize the number of observations that are properly categorized. The models are easily modified for any number of categories of classification. The formulation were tested on a standard problem. 相似文献
4.
《European Journal of Operational Research》2002,137(3):483-496
This paper outlines a visually interactive graphical modeling approach for process type production systems, with hidden generation of complex optimization models for production planning. The proposed system lets the users build a graphical model of the production system with one-to-one clones of its production units through its interactive visual interface, accepts production-specific data for its components, and finally, internally generates and solves its mathematical programming model without any interaction from the user. This “clone-based” modeling approach allows the continued use of optimization models with minimal mathematical programming understanding, as generation of mathematical model by clones is hidden and automatic, therefore maintenance-free: Updating graphical production system models is enough for renewing internal optimization models. The concept is demonstrated in this paper with a linear programming prototype developed for a petroleum refinery. 相似文献
5.
《European Journal of Operational Research》1999,118(2):295-314
This paper examines connections between data-driven models for analyzing a firm's strategic plans, which use activity-based costing and mathematical programming, and the resource-based view of the firm. After brief reviews of the three disciplines, extensions of activity-based costing methods to mathematical programming models for strategic resource planning are discussed. Applications of these models to supply chain planning in a multi-national food manufacturer, a specialty chemicals company, and a wholesaling/retailing company are presented. The paper concludes by using concepts from the resource-based view of the firm to interpret optimal solutions from mathematical programming models. Extensions to strategic planning under uncertainty using stochastic programming are also discussed briefly. 相似文献
6.
Facility location models for distribution system design 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
《European Journal of Operational Research》2005,162(1):4-29
The design of the distribution system is a strategic issue for almost every company. The problem of locating facilities and allocating customers covers the core topics of distribution system design. Model formulations and solution algorithms which address the issue vary widely in terms of fundamental assumptions, mathematical complexity and computational performance. This paper reviews some of the contributions to the current state-of-the-art. In particular, continuous location models, network location models, mixed-integer programming models, and applications are summarized. 相似文献
7.
In this paper, we analyze flexible models for capacitated discrete location problems with setup costs. We introduce a major
extension with regards to standard models which consists of distinguishing three different points of view of a location problem
in a logistics system. We develop mathematical programming formulations for these models using discrete ordered objective
functions with some new features. We report on the computational behavior of these formulations tested on a randomly generated
battery of instances. 相似文献
8.
《European Journal of Operational Research》2006,169(3):1108-1127
We consider equilibrium constrained optimization problems, which have a general formulation that encompasses well-known models such as mathematical programs with equilibrium constraints, bilevel programs, and generalized semi-infinite programming problems. Based on the celebrated KKM lemma, we prove the existence of feasible points for the equilibrium constraints. Moreover, we analyze the topological and analytical structure of the feasible set. Alternative formulations of an equilibrium constrained optimization problem (ECOP) that are suitable for numerical purposes are also given. As an important first step for developing efficient algorithms, we provide a genericity analysis for the feasible set of a particular ECOP, for which all the functions are assumed to be linear. 相似文献
9.
J J Glen 《The Journal of the Operational Research Society》1999,50(10):1043-1053
Mathematical programming discriminant analysis models must be normalised to prevent the generation of discriminant functions in which the variable coefficients and the constant term are zero. This normalisation requirement can cause difficulties, and unlike statistical discriminant analysis, variables cannot be selected in a computationally efficient way with mathematical programming discriminant analysis models. Two new integer programming normalisations are proposed in this paper. In the first, binary variables are used to represent the constant term, but with this normalisation functions with a zero constant term cannot be generated and the variable coefficients are not invariant under origin shifts. These limitations are overcome by using integer programming methods to constrain the sum of the absolute values of the variable coefficients to a constant. These new normalisations are extended to allow variable selection with mathematical programming discriminant analysis models. The use of these new applications of integer programming is illustrated using published data. 相似文献
10.
Dimitris Bertsimas 《Queueing Systems》1995,21(3-4):337-389
We survey a new approach that the author and his co-workers have developed to formulate stochastic control problems (predominantly queueing systems) asmathematical programming problems. The central idea is to characterize the region of achievable performance in a stochastic control problem, i.e., find linear or nonlinear constraints on the performance vectors that all policies satisfy. We present linear and nonlinear relaxations of the performance space for the following problems: Indexable systems (multiclass single station queues and multiarmed bandit problems), restless bandit problems, polling systems, multiclass queueing and loss networks. These relaxations lead to bounds on the performance of an optimal policy. Using information from the relaxations we construct heuristic nearly optimal policies. The theme in the paper is the thesis that better formulations lead to deeper understanding and better solution methods. Overall the proposed approach for stochastic control problems parallels efforts of the mathematical programming community in the last twenty years to develop sharper formulations (polyhedral combinatorics and more recently nonlinear relaxations) and leads to new insights ranging from a complete characterization and new algorithms for indexable systems to tight lower bounds and nearly optimal algorithms for restless bandit problems, polling systems, multiclass queueing and loss networks. 相似文献
11.
Serpil Sayın 《Mathematical Programming》2000,87(3):543-560
One way of solving multiple objective mathematical programming problems is finding discrete representations of the efficient
set. A modified goal of finding good discrete representations of the efficient set would contribute to the practicality of
vector maximization algorithms. We define coverage, uniformity and cardinality as the three attributes of quality of discrete
representations and introduce a framework that includes these attributes in which discrete representations can be evaluated,
compared to each other, and judged satisfactory or unsatisfactory by a Decision Maker. We provide simple mathematical programming
formulations that can be used to compute the coverage error of a given discrete representation. Our formulations are practically
implementable when the problem under study is a multiobjective linear programming problem. We believe that the interactive
algorithms along with the vector maximization methods can make use of our framework and its tools.
Received April 7, 1998 / Revised version received March 1999?Published online November 9, 1999 相似文献
12.
This paper focuses on the resolution of the reachability problem in Petri nets, using the mathematical programming paradigm. The proposed approach is based on an implicit traversal of the Petri net reachability graph. This is done by constructing a unique sequence of Steps that represents exactly the total behaviour of the net. We propose several formulations based on integer and/or binary linear programming, and the corresponding sets of adjustments to the particular class of problem considered. Our models are validated on a set of benchmarks and compared with standard approaches from IA and Petri nets community. 相似文献
13.
Quantitative policy analysis problems with hierarchical decision-making can be modeled as bilevel mathematical programming problems. In general, the solution of these models is very difficult; however, special cases exist in which an optimal solution can be obtained by ordinary mathematical programming techniques. In this paper, a two-stage approach for the formulation, construction, solution, and usage of bilevel policy problem is presented. An outline of an example for analyzing Israel's public expenditure policy is also given. 相似文献
14.
《European Journal of Operational Research》2006,172(2):369-385
This paper examines the problem of aggregating ordinal preferences on a set of alternatives into a consensus. This problem has been the subject of study for more than two centuries and many procedures have been developed to create a compromise or consensus.We examine a variety of structures for preference specification, and in each case review the related models for deriving a consensus. Two classes of consensus models are discussed, namely ad hoc methods, evolving primarily from parliamentary settings over the past 200 years, and distance or axiomatic-based methods. We demonstrate the levels of complexity of the various distance-based models by presenting the related mathematical programming formulations for them. We also present conditions for equivalence, that is, for yielding the same consensus ranking for some of the methods. Finally, we discuss various extensions of the basic ordinal ranking structures, paying specific attention to partial ranking, voting member weighted consensus, ranking with intensity of preference, and rank correlation methods, as alternative approaches to deriving a consensus. Suggestions for future research directions are given. 相似文献
15.
Jörg Kalcsics Stefan Nickel Justo Puerto Antonio M. Rodríguez-Chía 《European Journal of Operational Research》2010
In this paper we introduce flexible models for capacitated discrete location problems. We describe three different points of view of a location problem in a logistics system. Different mathematical programming formulations are presented, illustrated by examples and compared using a battery of test problems. Extensive computational tests are done showing the potentials and limits of this kind of resolution approach. 相似文献
16.
《Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics》1999,103(2):239-249
Systems of equations with block-angular structure have applications in evolution problems coming from physics, engineering and economy. Many times, these systems are time-stage formulations of mathematical models that consist of mathematical programming problems, complementarity, or other equilibrium problems, giving rise to nonlinear and nonsmooth equations. The final versions of these dynamic models are nonsmooth systems with block-angular structure. If the number of state variables and equations is large, it is sensible to adopt an inexact-Newton strategy for solving this type of systems. In this paper we define two inexact-Newton algorithms for semismooth block-angular systems and we prove local and superlinear convergence. 相似文献
17.
Alan A. Farley 《The Journal of the Operational Research Society》1988,39(1):41-53
The cutting-stock problem in the clothing industry does not conform to the classical representation of such problems. Waste minimization is only a subsidiary objective. The overall objective is to maximize long-run profitability, but operational planning requires limiting consideration to a series of problems covering short planning periods. This requires a more complex objective to incorporate interaction between periods. Production constraints with unique characteristics occur in the laying, cutting and sewing operations. The conventional pattern-design problem is dealt with by use of a commercial computer-aided graphical design system. The question addressed in this paper is how to combine such patterns so as to satisfy the various objectives and constraints. This leads to both integer and quadratic formulations of appropriate mathematical programming models. 相似文献
18.
In practical applications of mathematical programming it is frequently observed that the decision maker prefers apparently
suboptimal solutions. A natural explanation for this phenomenon is that the applied mathematical model was not sufficiently
realistic and did not fully represent all the decision makers criteria and constraints. Since multicriteria optimization approaches
are specifically designed to incorporate such complex preference structures, they gain more and more importance in application
areas as, for example, engineering design and capital budgeting. The aim of this paper is to analyze optimization problems
both from a constrained programming and a multicriteria programming perspective. It is shown that both formulations share
important properties, and that many classical solution approaches have correspondences in the respective models. The analysis
naturally leads to a discussion of the applicability of some recent approximation techniques for multicriteria programming
problems for the approximation of optimal solutions and of Lagrange multipliers in convex constrained programming. Convergence
results are proven for convex and nonconvex problems. 相似文献
19.
Ubiratan D'Ambrosio 《International Journal of Mathematical Education in Science & Technology》2013,44(4):383-388
This paper considers the use of hand‐held calculators (HHCs) in schools from the pedagogical and sociological viewpoints. Using arguments based on the observed pattern of mathematical education, we discuss the effect of the use of HHCs, from the learning viewpoint and from the viewpoint of providing students with a ready competence in arithmetical manipulation. We shall also discuss the effects of the adoption of HHCs in undeveloped countries and for deprived minorities. The topics are developed from philosophical/psychopedagogical reasoning and from developmental policy. Strategies designed to make mathematical education more immediately useful are discussed. An example is provided, and the relationship between Polya's problem‐solving approach and the use of HHCs is examined. 相似文献
20.
Zaid Chalabi David Epstein Claire McKenna Karl Claxton 《European Journal of Operational Research》2008
A two-stage stochastic mathematical programming formulation has been developed to optimally allocate resources within and between healthcare programmes when there is an exogenous budget and the parameters of the healthcare models are variable and uncertain. This formulation solves the optimal resource allocation problem and calculates the expected value of acquiring additional information to resolve the uncertainties within the allocation. It is shown that the proposed formulation has several advantages over the chance constrained and robust mathematical programming methods. 相似文献