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1.
KONG Xiang-Mu YANG Zhan-Ru 《理论物理通讯》2004,42(12)
In this paper dynamical critical phenomena of the Gaussian model with long-range interactions decaying as 1/rd δ (δ> 0) on d-dimensional hypercubic lattices (d = 1, 2, and 3) are studied. First, the critical points are exactly calculated, and it is found that the critical points depend on the value of δ and the range of interactions. Then the critical dynamics is considered. We calculate the time evolutions of the local magnetizations and the spin-spin correlation functions, and further the dynamic critical exponents are obtained. For one-, two- and three-dimensional lattices, it is found that the dynamic critical exponents are all z = 2 if δ> 2, which agrees with the result when only considering nearest neighboring interactions, and that they are all δ if 0 <δ< 2. It shows that the dynamic critical exponents are independent of the spatial dimensionality but depend on the value of δ. 相似文献
2.
We explore the spin-boson model in a special case, i.e., with zero local field. In contrast to previous studies, we find no possibility for quantum phase transition (QPT) happening between the localized and delocalized phases, and the behavior of the model can be fully characterized by the even or odd parity as well as the parity breaking, instead of the QPT, owned by the ground state of the system. The parity breaking mentioned in our case is completely different from the spontaneously broken symmetry relevant to the conventionally defined QPT in previous studies. Our analytical treatment about the eigensolution of the ground state of the model presents for the first time a rigorous proof of no- degeneracy for the ground state of the model, which is independent of the bath type, the degrees of freedom of the bath and the calculation precision. We argue that the QPT mentioned previously appears due to incorrect employment of the ground state of the model and/or unreasonable treatment of the infrared divergence existing in the spectral functions for Ohmic and sub-Ohmic dissipations. 相似文献
3.
In this paper dynamical critical phenomena of the
Gaussian model with
long-range interactions decaying as 1/rd+δ (δ>0) on d-dimensional hypercubic lattices (d=1, 2, and 3) are studied. First, the
critical points are exactly calculated, and it is found that the critical
points depend on the value of δ and the range of interactions. Then
the critical dynamics is considered. We calculate the time evolutions of the
local magnetizations and the spin-spin correlation functions, and further
the dynamic critical exponents are obtained. For one-, two- and
three-dimensional lattices, it is found that the dynamic critical exponents
are all z=2 if δ>2, which agrees with the result when only
considering nearest neighboring interactions, and that they are all δ
if 0<δ<2. It shows that the dynamic critical exponents are
independent of the spatial dimensionality but depend on the value of δ. 相似文献
4.
We explore the spin-boson model in a special case, i.e., with zero local field. In contrast to previous studies, we find no possibility for quantum phase transition (QPT) happening between the localized and delocalized phases, and the behavior of the model can be fully characterized by the even or odd parity as well as the parity breaking, instead of the QPT, owned by the ground state of the system. The parity breaking mentioned in our case is completely different from the spontaneously broken symmetry relevant to the conventionally defined QPT in previous studies. Our analytical treatment about the eigensolution of the ground state of the model presents for the first time a rigorous proof of no-degeneracy for the ground state of the model, which is independent of the bath type, the degrees of freedom of the bath and the calculation precision. We argue that the QPT mentioned previously appears due to incorrect employment of the ground state of the model and/or unreasonable treatment of the infrared divergence existing in the spectral functions for Ohmic and sub-Ohmic dissipations. 相似文献
5.
计及量子点厚度下,分别选取抛物势和高斯势描写盘型量子点中电子的横向束缚势和纵向束缚势,采用Pekar类型变分法推导出量子点中极化子的基态和第一激发态能量本征值和本征函数,以此为基础,构造了一个二能级结构,并基于二能级体系理论,讨论了极化子在外电场作用下的量子跃迁问题。结果表明,高斯束缚势比抛物束缚势更能精准反映量子点中真实的束缚势;量子点的厚度对极化子的跃迁几率Q所带来的影响有趣且有实际意义,不可忽略;电声耦合强度α、电场强度F、非对称高斯势的势垒高度V0和束缚范围L等对极化子的基态与第一激发态能量以及量子跃迁的影响显著;本文的结果有助于探讨利用这些物理量来调控量子点的输运特性和光学性质的途径和方法。 相似文献
6.
在致密星体内部极高密度条件下,强子物质可能发生退禁闭相变成为夸克物质,即强子-夸克相变。这种相变过程对于中子星的性质有着重要影响。考虑库仑能和表面能的影响,即有限尺度效应,相变过程中的混杂相包含了被称为pasta相的几何结构。强子-夸克共存相的平衡条件是通过求总能量的最小值得到的。采用相对论平均场(RMF)模型来描述强子物质相,采用Nambu-Jona-Lasinio(NJL)模型来描述夸克物质相。有限尺度效应一定程度上增加了中子星的最大质量,增加幅度取决于强子-夸克表面张力的大小。有限尺度效应能够降低混杂相的范围,其结果介于Gibbs结构和Maxwell结构的结果之间。研究结果表明,中子星中可能包含一个混杂相的核心部分,其大小受到表面张力等参数的影响。It is generally considered that hadron matter may undergo a deconfinement phase transition becoming quark matter at very high density in massive neutron stars. This hadron-quark phase transition has important impact on neutron stars, which has received much attention. We consider finite-size effect in this phase transition process, which contains the impact of Coulomb energy and surface energy. By including this effect, the mixed phase forms the pasta structures. The equilibrium conditions for coexisting hadronic and quark phases are derived by minimizing the total energy including the surface and Coulomb contributions. We employ the relativistic mean-field(RMF) model to describe the hadronic phase, while the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio(NJL) model is used for the quark phase. We conclude that the finite-size effect will raise the stiffness of EOS, and then increase the maximum mass of neutron stars, which depend on the value of surface tension. Our results show that finite-size effects can significantly reduce the region of the mixed phase, and the results lie between those from the Gibbs and Maxwell constructions. We show that a massive star may contain a mixed phase core and its size depends on the surface tension of the hadron-quark interface. 相似文献
7.
Starting from the QHD-I model, the nucleon-nucleon interaction potential in hot/dense nuclear matter is studied. We find that the attractive and repulsive Yukawa potential between nucleons is modified by the variation of Debye mass directly and, especially, the nucleon system described by this Yukawa potential will be unbounded at some critical T and μ. The critical point we get accords with that of L-G phase transition given by the P - pB phase diagram. 相似文献
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JINMeng CHENJi-Sheng LIJia-Rong 《理论物理通讯》2003,40(6):735-738
Starting from the QHD-I model, the nucleon-nucleon interaction potential in hot/dense nuclear matter is studied. We find that the attractive and repulsive Yukawa potential between nucleons is modified by the variation of Debye mass directly and, especially, the nucleon system described by this Yukawa potential will be unbounded at some critical T and μ. The critical point we get accords with that of L-G phase transition given by the P - ρs phase diagram. 相似文献
11.
In this paper phase transition of van der Waals gas is simulated by the Boltzmann lattice method. Thermodynamics and chemical potentials have been taken into account. 相似文献
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We explore the NJL model with Polyakov loops for a system of three colors and two flavors within the mean-field approximation, where both chiral symmetry and confinement are taken into account. We focus on the phase structure of the model and study the chiral and Polyakov loop susceptibilities. 相似文献
14.
Michael Kastner 《Journal of statistical physics》2002,109(1-2):133-142
Properties of the two dimensional Ising model with fixed magnetization are deduced from known exact results on the two dimensional Ising model. The existence of a continuous phase transition is shown for arbitrary values of the fixed magnetization when crossing the boundary of the coexistence region. Modifications of this result for systems of spatial dimension greater than two are discussed. 相似文献
15.
评述两个基于相空间的建模与分析方法及其应用。第一个是基于闵可夫斯基泛函的形态分析方法,第二个是基于离散玻尔兹曼方程的建模与分析方法。两者均是统计物理学相空间描述方法的进一步发展:以相对独立的行为特征量为基,构建相空间,使用该相空间和其子空间来描述系统的行为特征;该相空间中的一个点对应系统的一组行为特征;两点间的距离d可用来描述两组行为特征的差异,其倒数可用来描述两组行为特征的相似度(S=1/d);一段时间内两点间距离的平均值${\bar d}$可用来描述两个动理学过程的差异,其倒数可用来描述这两个动理学过程的相似度(Sp=1/${\bar d}$)。从历史角度,基于闵可夫斯基泛函的形态相空间分析方法在先,接受其启发是离散玻尔兹曼方法朝着相空间描述方法发展过程中的关键环节。形态分析方法独立于数据来源,因而离散玻尔兹曼模拟得到的结果,除了可以使用其自带的分析功能之外,还可进一步使用形态分析方法获得另一个层面或视角的认识。在复杂介质动理学研究中,这两个方法从不同的视角,使得许多以前无法提取的信息得以分层次、定量化研究。 相似文献
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Quantum Phase Transition and Magnetocaloric Effect in a Tetrameric Chain with Three-Spin Interaction
We investigate the quantum phase transition (QPT) and magnetocaloric effect (MCE) of a tetrameric chain with three-spin interaction using Green's function theory. The magnetization and gap analysis reveals a variety of quantum phases tuned by magnetic field and three-spin interaction, which can open up an energy gap, giving rise to the occurrence of zero magnetization plateau. However, strong three-spin couplings causing strong frustration will destroy the intermediate 1/2 plateau with emergence of a new gapless phase between two cusps. It favors achieving an enhanced MCE at the critical fields, where the minima of isoentropes as well as the valley-peak structure of Grüneisen ratio, signaling the accumulation of entropy, lead to cooling via adiabatic (de)magnetization processes. It is also found that the temperature dependence of specific heat combined with Grüneisen ratio can testify various quantum phases explicitly. 相似文献
18.
The dynamical organization in the presence of noise of a Boolean neural network with random connections is analyzed. For low levels of noise, the system reaches a stationary state in which the majority of its elements acquire the same value. It is shown that, under very general conditions, there exists a critical value
c
of the noise, below which the network remains organized and above which it behaves randomly. The existence and nature of the phase transition are computed analytically, showing that the critical exponent is 1/2. The dependence of
c
on the parameters of the network is obtained. These results are then compared with two numerical realizations of the network. 相似文献
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