Classification of generalized multiresolution analyses

We discuss how generalized multiresolution analyses (GMRAs), both classical and those defined on abstract Hilbert spaces, can be classified by their multiplicity functions m and matrix-valued filter functions H. Given a natural number valued function m and a system of functions encoded in a matrix H satisfying certain conditions, a construction procedure is described that produces an abstract GMRA with multiplicity function m and filter system H. An equivalence relation on GMRAs is defined and described in terms of their associated pairs (m,H). This classification system is applied to MRAs and other classical examples in L²(Rd) as well as to previously studied abstract examples.     

Multiresolution Equivalence and Path Connectedness

An equivalence relation between multiresolution analyses was first introduced in 1996; an analogous definition for generalized multiresolution analyses was given in 2010. This article describes the relationship between the two notions and shows that both types of equivalence classes are path connected in an operator-theoretic sense. The GMRA paths are restricted to canonical GMRAs, and it is shown that whenever two MRAs in L ²(?) are equivalent, the GMRA path construction between their corresponding canonical GMRAs yields the natural analog of the MRA path. Examples are provided of GMRA paths that are distinct from MRA paths.     

About Operator Weighted Shift

Abstract Let H be a complex seperable Hilbert space and ~（Jt~） denote the collection of bounded linear operators on H. For an operator in L（H）, rad{A}＇ denotes the Jacobson radical of the commutant of A. This paper characterizes the similarity of strongly irreducible operator weighted shift in terms of {A}＇/rad{A}＇. Moreover, we suggest some ways to determine when an operator weighted shift is strongly irreducible and when its commutant is commutative.     

Fourier Series on Compact Symmetric Spaces: K-Finite Functions of Small Support

The Fourier coefficients of a function f on a compact symmetric space U/K are given by integration of f against matrix coefficients of irreducible representations of U. The coefficients depend on a spectral parameter μ, which determines the representation, and they can be represented by elements [^(f)](m)\hat{f}(\mu) in a common Hilbert space ℋ.     

A characterization of semiorthogonal Parseval wavelets in abstract Hilbert spaces

A Parseval (multi)wavelet in L² (ℝ) is characterized by two requirements of its Fourier transform; the characterization of a semiorthogonal Parseval wavelet requires an additional condition of the wavelet dimension function. In this article, we use the theory of generalized multiresolution analyses to extend this idea to the more general setting of an abstract Hilbert space. We find an equation that is the abstract analog of the three conditions in L²(ℝ). Fort Lewis College     

On characteristic properties of singular operators

For a linear operatorS in a Hilbert space ℋ, the relationship between the following properties is investigated: (i)S is singular (= nowhere closable), (ii) the set kerS is dense in ℋ, and (iii)D(S)∩ℛ(S)={0}.     

A note on norm ideals and the operatorX→AX−XB

For operatorsA andB on a Hilbert space ℋ, let τ denote the operator on ℒ(ℋ) defined by τ(X)=AX−XB. Several equivalent conditions are given for τ to be surjective or bounded below. Analogues of these results are given for the restrictions of τ to norm ideals, and the norms of these restrictions are estimated. The author gratefully acknowledges support by a grant from the National Science Foundation.     

Some results about operators in nested Hilbert spaces

With the use of interpolation methods we obtain some results about the domain of an operator acting on the nested Hilbert space {ℋ_f}_f∈∑ generated by a self-adjoint operatorA and some estimates of the norms of its representatives. Some consequences in the particular case of the scale of Hilbert spaces are discussed.     

Direct limits, multiresolution analyses, and wavelets

A multiresolution analysis for a Hilbert space realizes the Hilbert space as the direct limit of an increasing sequence of closed subspaces. In a previous paper, we showed how, conversely, direct limits could be used to construct Hilbert spaces which have multiresolution analyses with desired properties. In this paper, we use direct limits, and in particular the universal property which characterizes them, to construct wavelet bases in a variety of concrete Hilbert spaces of functions. Our results apply to the classical situation involving dilation matrices on L²(Rn), the wavelets on fractals studied by Dutkay and Jorgensen, and Hilbert spaces of functions on solenoids.     

On m-regular systems on ℋ(5,q 2)

The notion of m-regular system on the Hermitian variety ℋ(n,q ²) was introduced by B. Segre (Ann. Math. Pura Appl. 70:1–201, 1965). Here, three infinite families of hemisystems on ℋ(5,q ²), q odd, are constructed.     

Le genre de Mislin des espaces rationnellement équivalents à un produit de deux sphères de dimensions différentes

 Zabrodsky exact sequences are algebraic tools which express the genus set of a space X in term of its self-maps, when X has the rational homotopy type of a co-ℋ-space or an ℋ-space. Explicit examples show these methods can't be generalized to the class of all simply connected finite CW-complexes. We however construct a Zabrodsky exact sequence for those three cells CW-complexes rationally equivalent to the product of two spheres S ^k ×S ⁿ , n>k≥2. We deduce, from results of Morisugi-Oshima, the genus of some spherical bundles. Received: 17 March 2001 / Revised version: 8 August 2001     

Eigenfunction Expansions and Transformation Theory

Generalized eigenfunctions may be regarded as vectors of a basis in a particular direct integral of Hilbert spaces or as elements of the antidual space Φ^× in a convenient Gelfand triplet Φ⊆ℋ⊆Φ^×. This work presents a fit treatment for computational purposes of transformations formulas relating different generalized bases of eigenfunctions in both frameworks direct integrals and Gelfand triplets. Transformation formulas look like usual in Physics literature, as limits of integral functionals but with well defined kernels. Several approaches are feasible. Vitali approach is used.     

ℋ-theories, fragments of HA and PA-normality

For a classical theory T, ℋ(T) denotes the intuitionistic theory of T-normal (i.e. locally T) Kripke structures. S. Buss has asked for a characterization of the theories in the range of ℋ and raised the particular question of whether HA is an ℋ-theory. We show that T ⁱ ∈ range(ℋ) iff T ⁱ = ℋ(T). As a corollary, no fragment of HA extending iΠ ₁ belongs to the range of ℋ. A. Visser has already proved that HA is not in the range of H by different methods. We provide more examples of theories not in the range of ℋ. We show PA-normality of once-branching Kripke models of HA + MP, where it is not known whether the same holds if MP is dropped. Received: 15 August 1999 / Published online: 3 October 2001     

Weak helix submanifolds of euclidean spaces

Let M⊂ℝ ⁿ be a submanifold of a euclidean space. A vector d∈ℝ ⁿ is called a helix direction of M if the angle between d and any tangent space T _p M is constant. Let ℋ(M) be the set of helix directions of M. If the set ℋ(M) contains r linearly independent vectors we say that M is a weak r-helix. We say that M is a strong r-helix if ℋ(M) is a r-dimensional linear subspace of ℝ ⁿ . For curves and hypersurfaces both definitions agree. The object of this article is to show that these definitions are not equivalent. Namely, we construct (non strong) weak 2-helix surfaces of ℝ⁴. The author is supported by the Project M.I.U.R. “Riemann Metrics and Differentiable Manifolds” and by G.N.S.A.G.A. of I.N.d.A.M., Italy.     

A short proof of the levy continuity theorem in Hilbert space

A short proof of the Levy continuity theorem in Hilbert space. In the theory of the normal distribution on a real Hilbert spaceH, certain functionsφ have been shown by L. Gross to give rise to random variablesφ∼ in a natural way; in particular, this is the case for functions which are “uniformly τ-continuous near zero”. Among such functions are the characteristic functionsφ of probability distributionsm onH, given byφ(y)=∫e ^i(y,x)dm(x). The following analogue of the Levy continuity theorem has been proved by Gross: Letφ _j be the characteristic function of the probability measurem _j onH, Then necessary and sufficient that ∫f dm _j → ∫f dm for some probability measurem and all bounded continuousf, is that there exists a functionφ, uniformly τ-continuous near zero, withφ _j∼ →φ∼ in probability.φ turns out, of course, to be the characteristic function ofm. In the present paper we give a short proof of this theorem. Research supported by National Science Foundation Grant GP-3977.     

A trace formula for hecke operators on L2(S2) and modular forms on Γ0(4)

To any finite symmetric subsetR ⊂ O₃ corresponds a Hecke operatorT _R on L²(S ²) which leaves the eigenspaces ℋ_n (n ≥ 0) of the Laplacian invariant. We compute the trace ofT _R | ℋ_n and prove that the sum of the positive eigenvalues ofT _R on ⊕_k=0 ^n-1ℋ_k prevails over the modulus of the sum of the negative eigenvalues. For anym ∈ ℕ the integral quaternions of normm define such a Hecke operator , and renormalizing the traces ofT _{R m} | ℋ _n slightly, we obtain sequences of Fourier coefficients of modular forms on Γ₀(4). Dedicated to R. Remmert on the occasion of his seventieth birthday     

WeightedL p closure theorems for spaces of entire functions

For a fixed weight Δ(dx) onR ¹ and a linear space ℋ ⊆L ^p(Δ) of entire functions that is closed under difference quotientsh(·)→(z−·) ⁻¹[h(z)−h(·)], theL ^p(Δ) closure of ℋ is studied and characterized in terms of the normsL(z), (z∈C ¹ of the evaluation functionalsh→h(z),h∈ℋ. Partially supported by DA-ARO-31-124-71-6182 and NSF GP-43011.     

Parity patterns associated with lifts of Hecke groups

Let q be an odd prime, m a positive integer, and let Γ _m (q) be the group generated by two elements x and y subject to the relations x ^2m =y ^qm =1 and x ²=y ^q ; that is, Γ _m (q) is the free product of two cyclic groups of orders 2m respectively qm, amalgamated along their subgroups of order m. Our main result determines the parity behaviour of the generalized subgroup numbers of Γ _m (q) which were defined in Müller (Adv. Math. 153:118–154, 2000), and which count all the homomorphisms of index n subgroups of Γ _m (q) into a given finite group H, in the case when gcd (m,| H |)=1. This computation depends upon the solution of three counting problems in the Hecke group ℋ(q)=C ₂*C _q : (i) determination of the parity of the subgroup numbers of ℋ(q); (ii) determination of the parity of the number of index n subgroups of ℋ(q) which are isomorphic to a free product of copies of C ₂ and of C _∞; (iii) determination of the parity of the number of index n subgroups in ℋ(q) which are isomorphic to a free product of copies of C _q . The first problem has already been solved in Müller (Groups: Topological, Combinatorial and Arithmetic Aspects, LMS Lecture Notes Series, vol. 311, pp. 327–374, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2004). The bulk of our paper deals with the solution of Problems (ii) and (iii). Research of C. Krattenthaler partially supported by the Austrian Science Foundation FWF, grant S9607-N13, in the framework of the National Research Network “Analytic Combinatorics and Probabilistic Number Theory”.     

Polynomials in the de Branges spaces of entire functions

We study the problem of density of polynomials in the de Branges spaces ℋ(E) of entire functions and obtain conditions (in terms of the distribution of the zeros of the generating function E) ensuring that the polynomials belong to the space ℋ(E) or are dense in this space. We discuss the relation of these results with the recent paper of V. P. Havin and J. Mashreghi on majorants for the shift-coinvariant subspaces. Also, it is shown that the density of polynomials implies the hypercyclicity of translation operators in ℋ(E).     

Non-Gaussian Complex Random Fields, their Skeletons and Path Measures

This work investigates complex random fields Z, which have a rotation invariant path measure. Fields of this type are constructed and analyzed in terms of (pathwise convergent) L²-expansions, and quasi invariance properties of their path measures are studied. The results are used to investigate ℋL²(Z), the space of holomorphic L²-functionals of Z. Conditions are given such that every F∈ℋL²(Z) admits an L²-power series expansion, and a general skeleton theorem is proved, which justifies the notion ‘holomorphic’. Mathematics Subject Classifications (2000) 60G07, 60G30, 60G60. T. Deck: Financial support from FCP, Portugal, is gratefully acknowledged.