红厚壳中两个新呫酮类化合物的结构研究

呫酮类化合物存在于很多藤黄科植物中，并具有多样的生物活性．为了进一步发现其活性成分，本文对藤黄科植物红厚壳根的化学成分进行了研究，从中分离得到11个呫酮类化合物，其中两个为新化合物．经多种光谱方法确定了各化合物的结构，两个新化合物分别命名为红厚壳呫酮C（Calophyllumin C)(1)和红厚壳呫酮M(Caloxanthone)(2)．     

海南薄叶红厚壳叶化学成分研究

红厚壳属(calophyllum)为藤黄科(Guttiferae)植物,全世界约有100余种,主要分布于亚洲热带地区,其次是南美洲和大洋洲.我国有4种,其中海南有2种,分别为红厚壳C.inophyllum Linn.和薄叶红厚壳C.membranaceumGardn.et Champ..红厚壳属植物有很高的药用价值,民间常用作防腐剂、收敛剂、祛痰剂、利尿剂和催泻剂.种子和根的油对治疗伤口和疥疮有好处.     

石斛属植物化学成分研究概况

石斛作为我国传统中药材,有着悠久的应用历史.随着现代科技的发展,人们对于石斛的研究更加深入.论文在石斛种质资源、有效化学成分、栽培方式与化学成分等方面综述国内石斛属植物的研究现状,重点阐述国内对石斛属植物化学成分方面的研究概况,指出不同品种石斛属植物化学成分的差异分析和药理活性研究是当今研究重点,提出未来应在植物分子水平上对石斛属植物进行更多的研究,为国内石斛属植物资源的保护、利用和可持续发展提供科学依据.     

抗HIV天然产物Calanolide A及其类似物的合成进展

Calanolide A是从藤黄科红厚壳属植物(Calophyllum lanigerum)中分离的一种吡喃型香豆素类化合物, 对HIV-1- RT有很强的抑制作用, 是目前抗HIV的热点先导物. 综述了该化合物及其类似物的全合成研究进展, 分析了它的合成路线, 讨论了各合成方法的优缺点.     

东风菜化学成分研究

东风菜[Doellingeria scaber(Thunb)Ness.]属菊科(Compositae)东风菜属(Doellingeria)植物.广泛分布于我国东北部、北部、中部至南部各省.主治风毒壅热、头痛目眩,肝热眼赤,民间广泛用于治疗蛇毒,效果良好[1].其化学成分研究已有报道[2],主要为三萜甙.为了进一步研究其药理活性成分,我们对采自辽宁省桓仁县(植物由河南农业大学朱长山教授鉴定)的东风菜进行了化学成分研究,分离得到了两个化合3-oxo-16α-hydroxyolean-12-en-oic acid(1)和豆甾醇(2).其中化合物1为新化合物.     

海南狭瓣鹰爪花叶的化学成分研究

海南狭瓣鹰爪花(Artabotrys hainanensis R.E. Fries)为番荔枝科鹰爪花属植物,该属植物在世界上约有100种,主要分布在热带和亚热带地区.我国产4种,广东有2种,即香港鹰爪花(A.hongkongensis Hance)和鹰爪花[A.hexapetalus(Linn.f)Bhandari],海南有2种,即毛叶鹰爪花(A.pilosus)和海南狭瓣鹰爪花(A.hainanensis R.E. Fries).海南鹰爪花在海南岛分布较广,储量十分丰富.在民间,海南狭瓣鹰爪花作药用植物已有很长历史,具有清热解毒、消炎止痛的作用,常用作治疗疟疾和头颈部淋巴结核.番荔枝科植物富含抗肿瘤活性成分而被受国内外学者关注,先后对鹰爪花属多种植物的根、茎(皮)、叶和果实的化学成分进行了研究,分离得到生物碱类、黄酮flavone类和萜类[1-4]等四十多种化合物.海南狭瓣鹰爪花为海南特有植物,其化学成分研究至今尚未见报道.为寻找新的药理活性成分,我们对海南狭瓣鹰爪花茎和叶的化学成分进行了研究.海南狭瓣鹰爪花药材采集于海南尖峰岭.     

舞花姜的化学成分

舞花姜（Ｇｌｏｂｂａｒａｃｅｍｏｓａｓｍｉｔｈ）为姜科舞花姜属植物,产于我国南部、西南部等地。其根和果实在民间药用,有健胃、消炎的功能,用于治疗胃炎、消化不良、急慢性肾炎等［１］。尚未见有关舞花姜属植物化学成分和药理活性的研究报道,为此我们对其地下部分的化学成分进行了研究。乙醇提取物的石油醚可溶部分经硅胶柱和萄聚糖凝胶柱层析分离得到五个化合物,经光谱鉴定为木栓酮（ｆｒｉｅｄｅｌｉｎ１）,ｃｙｃｌｏｅｕｃａｌｅｎ－ｏｌ（２）、３－羟基－豆甾－５烯－７－酮（３－ｈｙｄｒｏｘｙ－ｓｔｉｇｍａｓｔ－５－…     

河口细叶黄皮化学成分研究

芸香科黄皮属植物(Clausena)多为乔木或小灌木植物,约23～25种,分布于印度西北至我国西南至台湾,南至印度尼西亚、大洋洲北部及巴布亚新几内亚;非洲西北部等.我国约12种,集中分布于西南及华南各省区;云南省有¨种[1],具有丰富的植物资源.本属药用植物在我国自古供药用,药理研究发现它们的粗提物具有保肝作用,在治疗急、慢性病毒性肝炎,降低由四氯化碳引起的降谷丙转氨酶(SGPT)升高等方面皆具有明显的活性,并有降血脂、解痉挛、抑菌等作用.因其显著的生理活性,近年来倍受国内外关注.黄皮属植物的化学成分研究,已报道约150多个化合物,主要为四降三萜类,香豆素及其甙类,苯丙素及其甙类,咔吧唑生物碱类等.     

柏子仁化学成分与药理活性研究进展

柏子仁(arboruitae seed),为柏科植物侧柏Platycladus orientalis(L.) Franco的干燥成熟种仁.在化学成分方面,柏子仁含有脂类、氨基酸、皂苷、萜类和多糖等有效成分,具有镇静安神、抗抑郁、减少小鼠自主活动次数、改善阿尔茨海默病、加强肠推进、治疗不孕症等作用.本文对柏子仁的化学成分、药理活性和临床应用等相关研究进行综述,以指导该药物的开发利用,并为临床合理应用提供可靠的参考.     

高效液相色谱-电喷雾质谱分析蔷薇中的化学成分

蔷薇科(Rosaceae)蔷薇属(Rosa)植物全世界共有200余种,我国有82种[1],该属植物有重要的药用价值,如峨嵋蔷薇(Rosa omeiensis Rolfe Rhed.et Wils.)果实具有止血、止痢等功效,美蔷薇(Rose bella Rehd.et Wils.)具有理气、活血等功效,绢毛蔷薇(Rose sericea Lindl.)果实具有消食键胃、止泻等作用[2].几十年来,国内外学者对该属植物进行了一些化学和药理研究,为了便于对该属作为传统中药资源进行研究开发,我们建立了快速定性分析3种蔷薇的化学成分的高效液相色谱-电喷雾质谱方法,从中初步分离鉴定了10种化学成分,分别为:4'-羟双氢黄酮、金丝桃甙、金合欢素、山奈素-3-O-葡萄糖甙、没食子酸甲酯4-O葡萄糖甙、报春素、槲皮素、tiliroside、epi-arjunic acid、pomolic acid.     

常见针叶行道树化学成分研究进展

根据近20年文献报道,针叶行道树化学成分的研究在国内已经逐渐成为热点,其含有的挥发油、油脂、黄酮以及莽草酸具有各自不同的作用,大部分可以用于医治疾病。作者按照化学分类综述了国内主要针叶行道树的化学成分及其药理活性,为进一步研究针叶行道树的化学成分提供了参考。     

Modern Techniques for TCM Extraction, Processing and Purification

As can be expected, textile, tourism and TCM industries will be the most benefited ones after China′s joining of world trade organization. TCM industry possesses great market potential, but it had not been well recognized by international market. The major reasons include the lack of a normal standard for safety, efficacy, homogeneity and stability, the lack of a detailed study on the relationship between chemical components and pharmacological efficacy, and the lack of a quantitative standard for active ingredient, formulation technology, quality control and pharmacological and toxicological studies.     

Gelsemium elegans Benth: Chemical Components,Pharmacological Effects,and Toxicity Mechanisms

Gelsemium elegans Benth (GEB), also known as heartbreak grass, is a highly poisonous plant belonging to the family Loganiaceae and genus Gelsemium that has broad application prospects in medicine. This article reviews its chemical components, pharmacological effects, toxicity mechanisms, and research progress in clinical applications in recent years. Indole alkaloids are the main active components of GEB and have a variety of pharmacological and biological functions. They have anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and immunomodulation properties, with the therapeutic dose being close to the toxic dose. Application of small-dose indole alkaloids fails to work effectively, while high-dose usage is prone to poisoning, aggravating the patient’s conditions. Special caution is needed, especially to observe the changes in the disease condition of the patients in clinical practice. In-depth research on the chemical components and mechanisms of GEB is essential to the development of promising lead compounds and lays the foundation for extensive clinical application and safe usage of GEB in the future.     

Study on the therapeutic material basis of traditional chinese medicinal preparation Suanzaoren decoction

Methodology for elucidating the therapeutic material basis and quality control indices of Traditional Chinese Medicinal Preparation Suanzaoren decoction was developed. Combination of Suanzaoren decoction was designed and sixteen groups were obtained. Effects on frequency of spontaneous motion, sleeping number and sleeping duration in mice were studied with sixteen combinations of Suanzaoren decoction to get the pharmacological data. RP-HPLC method was developed to analyze the chromatographic profiles of natural components in all combinations. Areas (corrected by weighting amounts) of chromatographic peaks were collected as chemical data. The pharmacological and chemical data were correlated by chemical statistical methods, and then the therapeutic material basis (thirteen chemical constituents with sedative and hypnotic effects among forty-eight chromatographic peaks) of Suanzaoren decoction were elucidated. Spinosin from Semen Ziziphi Spinosae, ferulic acid from Rhizoma Chuanxiong, mangiferin from Rhizoma Anemarrhenae and glycyrrhizic acid from Radix Glycyrrhizae were selected as quality control indices. This paper provided a new methodology for elucidating the therapeutic material basis and quality control indices for T.C.M. It is instructive for modernization of Chinese herbs and its compound preparations.     

Ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography with linear ion trap‐Orbitrap hybrid mass spectrometry combined with a systematic strategy based on fragment ions for the rapid separation and characterization of components in Stellera chamaejasme extracts

Stellera chamaejasme, a famous toxic herb, has been used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat various diseases. For decades, increasing attention in modern pharmacological studies has been drawn to S. chamaejasme because of its potential anti‐tumor, anti‐virus, and anti‐fungus activities. However, due to the intrinsic complexity of chemical constitutes, hardly any investigations formed an overall recognition for the chemical profiles of this herb. In this study, a rapid and sensitive ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography coupled with linear ion trap‐Orbitrap mass spectrometry method was developed to characterize the chemical components of S. chamaejasme extracts. Based on optimized ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry conditions and systematic fragment ions‐based strategy, a total of 47 components including flavones, diterpenes, coumarins, and lignans were simultaneously detected and identified or tentatively identified for the first time. The MSⁿ fragmentation patterns of all the characterized compounds in positive or negative electrospray ionization modes were also explored and summarized. These results provided essential data for further pharmacological research on S. chamaejasme. Moreover, the method was demonstrated to be an efficient tool for rapid qualitative analysis of secondary metabolites from natural resources.     

Systematic characterization of the chemical constituents in vitro and prototypes in vivo of Dingkun Dan using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry combined with the UNIFI™ software

Dingkun Dan (DKD), a famous traditional Chinese medicine, has been widely used in the treatment of irregular menstruation, leucorrhea abnormality, and postpartum gynecological diseases since Qing dynasty (1739). It comprises 30 flavors of Chinese medicinal materials, which results in its complex chemical composition. In this study, an integrative method was developed to rapidly characterize the chemical components of DKD using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry combined with the UNIFI™ software. A total of 234 compounds, including 47 triterpenoid saponins, 55 flavonoids, and 38 alkaloids, were identified. Of them, 170 compounds were characterized initially and 61 compounds were identified unambiguously using reference standards. Under the same analysis conditions, 43 prototypical components, which were tentatively assigned as triterpenoid saponins, flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, phenylpropanoids, and others, were absorbed in rat by serum pharmacochemistry analysis. DKD exhibited diverse pharmacological activities through the combined effect of these components. This study was the first systematic study of chemical components in vitro originating from 30 medicinal materials and prototypes in vivo of DKD, which could provide scientific evidence for explaining its therapeutic effect.     

The analysis of Radix Angelicae Sinensis (Danggui)

Radix Angelicae Sinensis, known as Danggui in China, is one of the most popular traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs), which is contained by more than 80 composite formulae. Modern researches indicate that phthalides, organic acids and their esters, polysaccharides are main chemical components related to the bioactivities and pharmacological properties of Danggui. Some of them, such as Z-ligustilide and ferulic acid, are selected as marker compounds to evaluate the quality of Danggui frequently. Because of the diversity of chemical structures and characters of these components, analytical methods of Danggui are various, including GC-MS, HPLC-DAD-MS, TLC, CE-DAD, and so on. Besides that, the development of analytical technology makes the quality control of Danggui more effective and reliable. Quality evaluation is from single or several components' analysis to fingerprinting, or in combination. Furthermore, bioactive components screening of Danggui has also attracted much attention, which will help us evaluate the selected marker components to some extent. In this paper, the literatures about the major phytoconstituents of Danggui, quality control and bioactive components screening methods have been reviewed. Main attention is given to the different methodologies developed to perform chemical analysis, including separation, detection and identification.     

Rapid characterization of the constituents in Jigucao capsule using ultra high performance liquid chromatography with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry

Jigucao capsule is a well-known Chinese patent medicine for the treatment of acute and chronic hepatitis and cholecystitis. The chemical components of Jigucao capsule were not clear resulting from the paucity of relevant studies, which hindered the research of the pharmacological mechanism, the comprehensive development, and utilization of Jigucao capsule in clinical studies. By establishing a high-throughput ultra-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry in combination with intelligent UNIFI software data processing platform to automatically characterize and identify the chemical profile of Jigucao capsule, 144 compounds were determined rapidly, including 34 terpenoids, 25 flavonoids, 22 steroids, 21 phenylpropanoids, 10 glycosides, six alkaloids, 13 organic acids, and other 13 components. These compounds may be the active components of Jigucao capsule. In this study, a rapid and robust method for comprehensively analyzing the chemical composition of Jigucao capsule was described and established for the first time. The results will provide a reference for the quality control of Jigucao capsule and the establishment of a higher quality standard, as well as for the pharmacodynamic material basis research.     

Identifying the chemical markers in raw and wine-processed Scutellaria baicalensis by ultra-performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry coupled with multiple statistical strategies

Herb processing is a typical pharmaceutical preparation process for traditional Chinese medicine. After processing, its clinical applications and pharmacological effects vary greatly, which is most commonly attributed to the changing chemical properties between raw herb and processed products. In this work, a total of 53 chemical compounds were detected, among which 17 compounds were identified as discriminatory chemicals between raw and wine-processed Scutellaria baicalensis, and 10 components were identified as chemical markers with a cumulative content contribution of 88.75%. In addition, this work revealed that the best wine-processed time was 18 min by investigating the changes of chemical markers in S. baicalensis during processing. This work demonstrated that ultra-performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry coupled with multiple statistical strategies is an effective approach for screening and identifying discriminatory chemical markers in complex traditional Chinese medicine.