128例脑性瘫痪血钙、锌、铁、铜、镁元素分析

为探讨小儿脑性瘫痪(CP)体内微量元素的变化,测定了128例脑性瘫痪患者血钙、锌、铁、铜、镁含量,随机选择128例正常儿童进行对照分析。结果表明,两组病例血锌、铜、镁均在正常范围,脑瘫组血钙56例、铁45例低于正常参考值,健康组血钙16例、铁11例低于正常参考值。经统计学处理,两组病例中血钙、铁、铜、镁含量具有显著性差异(P<0.05),血锌无显著性差异(P>0.05)。提示脑瘫儿童血钙、铁、铜、镁含量均低于正常儿童,补充钙、铁、镁等可能有利于脑瘫康复。     

头发中微量元素含量与乙型肝炎关系的研究

通过检测60名乙型肝炎患者与55名正常对照组头发中的Zn、Mn、Cr、Fe、Cu、Se 6种微量元素的含量,观察了头发微量元素的变化情况与乙型肝炎的关系。结果表明,Zn、Mn、Se含量显著低于正常对照组,有显著或极显著性差异(P<0.05或P<0.01);Fe与正常对照组比较显著升高,有极显著性差异(P<0.01);Cr、Cu与正常对照组比较,无明显差异(P<0.05)。故微量元素与乙型肝炎存在着密切的联系,对乙肝患者须关注其微量元素含量的变化。     

乙型肝炎患者头发中微量元素含量研究

通过检测37例乙型肝炎患者与45名正常对照组头发中的锌、铁、铜3种微量元素的含量,观察了乙型肝炎患者体内微量元素的变化情况。结果表明,乙型肝炎患者Zn含量显著低于正常对照组,有显著性差异(P<0.05);Fe含量与正常对照组比较显著升高,有极显著性差异(P<0.01);Cu含量与正常对照组比较,无明显差异(P>0.05)。微量元素与乙型肝炎存在着密切的联系。     

超声波治疗18例男性输精管结扎术后附睾淤积症疗效分析

目的研究超声波子啊输精管结扎手术之后附睾淤积症的治疗方法在临床当中的运用。方法使用2010—2014年期间在我院确诊为输精管结扎术后附睾淤积症的18例病人的声像图的规律,依照淤积附睾当中的轻重程度分成轻度淤积3例,中度淤积10例,重度淤积8例,观察在临床治疗当中的用途。结果 18例病人全部显示出双侧附睾体积增大,有9例病人的两侧附睾头体积扩大,有6例病人的左侧附睾头显示为增厚,有3例病人的右侧附睾头显示为增厚,经过保守治疗,轻度、中度以及重度两名患者好转出院,另外6名重度淤积病人在保守治疗以及联合输精管复通术之后情况减轻后出院。结论使用高超声的方式进行观察,不仅仅会对产生淤积的区域做出明确的诊治,并且也可以对产生淤积的程度进行分类,为医生的医治提供参考依据。     

丙型病毒性肝炎感染者头发中部分微量元素的研究

为探讨丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)感染者头发部分微量元素含量的变化,用原子吸收分光光度计分别测定了HCV感染者和正常人头发中的微量元素Zn、Fe、Se含量。结果表明,抗-HCV阳性组及HCV患者组发Zn含量低于正常对照组,经统计学检验,具有高度显著性差异(P<0.01);而丙肝患者组的Fe含量显著高于健康对照组。丙肝患者组头发Se含量低于健康对照组,具有显著性差异(P<0.01)。提示微量元素Zn、Fe、Se与病毒性肝炎存在密切关系。     

弱视儿童血清微量元素的检测分析

为探讨弱视和微量元素之间的关系,对71例5~10岁的弱视儿童进行了血清微量元素Zn、Fe、Cu、Ca、Mn、Pb含量的检测,并与130例同龄正常儿童比较。结果表明,弱视儿童血清Zn含量明显低下,而Pb、Ca、Mn含量明显升高,与正常儿童比较差异均有显著性(P<0.01);Fe、Cu含量两组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。弱视女童血清Mn含量比男童高,两组间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);而男女童Zn、Fe、Cu、Ca、Pb含量间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。提示弱视儿童部分血清微量元素异常,对弱视成因有一定影响,建议重视并及时纠正儿童异常的微量元素。     

老年髋部骨折患者血清中宏量及微量元素含量分析

为探讨微量元素与骨质疏松症及髋部骨折的关系,采用原子吸收分光光度计等方法分别测定了40例老年髋部骨折患者血清中微量元素铜(Cu)、锌(Zn)、硒(Se)、铁(Fe)、锰(Mn)及宏量元素钙(Ca)、磷(P)、镁(Mg)、钾(K)、钠(Na)的含量,并与30例青壮年髋部骨折患者对照。结果表明,老年髋部骨折患者血清中的Ca含量明显升高(P<0.01)、Cu、Mn有显著提高(P<0.05),其它元素有升高趋势,但无显著性差异,Zn的含量明显降低(P<0.01)。测定血清中宏量及微量元素含量可能对预测髋部骨折及骨质疏松症的疗效评价有一定临床价值。     

急性气管-支气管炎患者头发及血清微量元素的测定及其临床意义

用原子吸收光谱法测定了86例急性气管-支气管炎患者及66例健康人头发及血清锌、铁、铜、锰4种微量元素的含量。结果显示,锌、铁元素的含量比对照组低,并表现有显著性差异(P<0.01),铜、锰元素的含量在两组之间无显著性差异(P>0.05)。     

沈阳地区正常人尿液中微量元素的测定

用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法对沈阳地区正常人尿液中的铬、铁、锰、铝、镉、铜、锌、镍进行了测定,并考察了健康人不同年龄段各元素含量是否存在显著性差异。结果表明,各元素线性关系良好,回归系数为0.9990~0.9998,检出限为0.0004~0.0295μg/mL,方法精密度为1.9%~6.3%,回收率均为80%~120%。健康人不同年龄段尿液中Cd含量有显著性差异(P<0.01)。     

皮肤病患者血清中铁锌铜锰硒钴含量的研究

１１６例皮肤病患者血清中铁,锌,铜,锰,硒,钴的含量与对照组比较。显示：（１）铁和铜的含量明显升高,硒和钴的含量明显降低,它们之间的差异有高度显著性,Ｐ〈０．０１;锌含量亦降低,两者之间的差异有显著性,Ｐ〈０．０５;锰的含量,两者差异无显著性,Ｐ〉０．０５。（２）可根据上述元素的变化特点,对皮肤病进行早期诊断和治疗。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.