First-principles study of the optical properties of BeO in its ambient and high-pressure phases

Optical properties such as the dynamic dielectric function, reflectance, and energy-loss function of beryllium oxide (BeO) in its ambient and high-pressure phases are reported for a wide energy range of 0-50 eV. The calculations of optical properties employ first-principles methods based on all-electron density functional theory together with sum over states and finite-field methods. Our results show subtle differences in the calculated optical properties of the wurtzite, zincblende, rocksalt and CsCl phases of BeO, which may be attributed to the higher symmetry and packing density of these phases. For the wurtzite phase, the calculated band gap of 10.4 eV corresponds well with the experimental value of 10.6 eV and the calculated (average) index of refraction of 1.70 shows excellent agreement with the experimental value of 1.72.     

First principles study on the structural and optical properties of the high-pressure ZnO phases

A new high-pressure tetragonal phase (B10) of ZnO is investigated with an ab initio calculation based on density functional theory and is compared with the cubic B1 (rocksalt structure) and B2 (CsCl structure) phases at high pressure. It is found that the B10 phase has a more covalent nature than the B2 phase. The B1, B2, and B10 phases are semiconductors and their band gap energies are determined to be 3.73, 3.15, and 3.27 eV, respectively. The B10 phase has a similar optical response to the B2 phase, but not the B1 phase. The similarity of dielectric function between B10 and B2 phases are the result of the similar profiles of electronic density of state.     

高压下YB6的电子结构与光学性质的第一性原理研究

本文从第一性原理出发,基于密度泛函理论体系下的广义梯度近似（GGA）方法,对不同压力下YB6的电子结构及光学性质方面进行了研究。结果表明：在一定的压力范围内随着压力的增大,费米面以上的能带往高能量处移动,费米面以下的能带往低能量处移动。能量损失谱的第一个峰随着压力的增大往高能量处移动,并且峰强增大。这表明可以通过压力来调节YB6在可见光区的吸收谷的位置及强度,在高压下YB6将展现更好的隔热性能。     

高压下YB_6的电子结构与光学性质的第一性原理研究

本文从第一性原理出发,基于密度泛函理论体系下的广义梯度近似(GGA)方法,对不同压力下YB_6的电子结构及光学性质方面进行了研究.结果表明:在一定的压力范围内随着压力的增大,费米面以上的能带往高能量处移动,费米面以下的能带往低能量处移动.能量损失谱的第一个峰随着压力的增大往高能量处移动,并且峰强增大.这表明可以通过压力来调节YB_6在可见光区的吸收谷的位置及强度,在高压下YB_6将展现更好的隔热性能.     

Analytic study of continuum spectrum pulse dynamics in optical waveguides

It is demonstrated that for femtosecond supercontinuum generation in optical waveguides with nonresonant electronic nonlinearity the squared root-mean-square pulse duration varies near-parabolically with distance, irrespectively of spectrum ultra-broadening scenarios. The derived formulas for parabolic coefficients are applied to find the areas of spectral and energetic parameters of few-cycle pulses propagating in hollow capillaries filled with noble gases, where temporal pulse broadening, compression, or quasi-stationary propagation occur. Each regime is illustrated by the typical changes in the pulse electrical field and spectrum. PACS 42.65.Re     

Pressure-induced structural transitions in PbI2: A high-pressure Raman and optical absorption study

The effect of pressure on the 2H and 4H polytype of PbI₂ has been investigated by Raman and optical absorption spectroscopy, using the diamond anvil cell. The 2H-polytype undergoes pressure-induced phase transitions at 5 kbar and near 30 kbar. The 4H-polytype exhibits phase transitions near 8 kbar and above 30 kbar. The Raman modes abruptly change at these pressures. The optical absorption edge shifts red at the rate of 15±1 MeV/kbar in the 2H-PbI₂ and at the rate of 7 MeV/kbar in phase II. The latter phase is most likely to possess a 3d-structure and not a layer type. The possible structures for the high pressure phases are discussed.     

半导体光放大器超快折射率变化动态特性的研究

建立了分析半导体光放大器（SOA）飞秒量级超快动态特性的数值模型,考虑了增益色散以及群速度色散,能更精确地反映飞秒级超短脉冲经过SOA时的传输特性.基于该模型,可以分析由载流子密度脉动以及载流子加热对折射率变化的影响.同时,也考虑了不同的工作条件以及SOA的结构参数对折射率的影响.理论分析和模拟实验为优化SOA的结构、改善SOA飞秒量级超高速动态特性提供了理论指导. 关键词： 半导体光放大器 折射率动态特性 增益色散 群速度色散     

Femtosecond selective optical Kerr-effect spectroscopy: Molecular dynamics study of chloroform

The femtosecond selective spectroscopy of vibrational-rotational dynamics of molecules in a liquid was realized using optical Kerr effect registration under two-pulse nonresonant excitation. The object chosen for the study was the chloroform at room temperature. It was shown that control of the separate molecular motions by creating the constructive or destructive interference of corresponding wave packets allows one to determine directly from the experiment such constants of molecular dynamics as the relaxation times of the coherent vibrations (≈1.5 ps) and those of orientational anisotropy (≈1.2 ps).     

An experimental study of optical radiation from sputtered species

Solids of Li, Be, B, C, Mg, Al, S, Ti, Zn, Cu, Sn, Ag, Cd, Tl, Au, and Bi have been bombarded with 40 and 50 keV Xe⁺ ions. Spectrograms of optical radiation from sputtered species have been recorded in the wavelength interval 200–600 nm. Relative level populations have been measured in Li I, Be I, B I, and Al I. A discussion of the results is given.     

Lasing dynamics study by femtosecond time-resolved fluorescence non-collinear optical parametric amplification spectroscopy

Femtosecond time-resolved fluorescence non-collinear optical parametric amplification spectroscopy(FNOPAS) is a versatile technique with advantages of high sensitivity, broad detection bandwidth, and intrinsic spectrum correction function. These advantages should benefit the study of coherent emission, such as measurement of lasing dynamics. In this letter,the FNOPAS was used to trace the lasing process in Rhodamine 6G(R6G) solution and organic semiconductor nano-wires.High-quality transient emission spectra and lasing dynamic traces were acquired, which demonstrates the applicability of FNOPAS in the study of lasing dynamics. Our work extends the application scope of the FNOPAS technique.     

Switching dynamics of optical bistable devices

The switching dynamics of optical bistable devices is studied and some recent results are reviewed.     

IR spectra of the optical constants of an industrial high-pressure polyethylene film

The IR spectra of the real n(ν) and imaginary κ(ν) parts of the complex refractive index of an industrial high-pressure polyethylene film are measured by the methods of transmission and attenuated total reflectance spectroscopy in the range 700–750 cm^?1 taking into account the anisotropy and the structural inhomogeneity of the film over its thickness. It is proposed to use these spectra as the reference spectra for polyethylene films in the range around 720 cm^?1.     

An optical study of cobalt nanowires dispersed in liquid phase

The Co nanowires were electrodeposited in polycarbonate membrane (PCT). SEM, TEM and XPS techniques were used to characterize the morphology, structure and size of nanowires as well as chemical composition. The influence of different mediums was studied on the optical absorption of dispersed cobalt nanowires. The absorption spectrum of cobalt nanowires in water showed a broad shoulder at 290 nm, but in ethanol solution it was not observed in the visible region of the spectra up to 200 nm. Cobalt nanowires dispersed in methanol presented a peak at 236 nm. We attribute the data to oxidation of cobalt in water and low dielectric constant of methanol relative to ethanol and water. We found rather good agreement between the experimental results and the calculation based on Gans’ theory.     

A new high-pressure cell for differential pressure-jump experiments using optical detection

Abstract

A differential pressure-jump autoclave with optical detection has been developed, which is capable to perform pressure-jumps of 150 bar amplitude to either. lower or higher pressures within the absolute pressure range up to 2.5 kbar. The principle of a rupture diaphragm is applied and the mechanical relaxation time of the apparatus is about 0.1 millisecond. Optical detection of light either transmitted or scattered under an angle of 90° can be utilized to follow a proceeding reaction.

The apparatus has been used to study the rate of demixing of binary liquid mixtures after performing a pressure-jump into the miscibility gap. The results of the obtained light intensity/time curves indicate no distinct cross-over behaviour between two different phase separation kinetics.     

The elastic and optical properties of the high-pressure hydrous phase δ-AlOOH

δ-AlOOH has recently been reported to be the least compressible hydrous phase known with a compressibility comparable to corundum and stishovite. It is predicted to be stable at the lower mantle conditions of the earth. By means of first principles methods, we have studied phase stability, electronic structure, elastic and optical properties of δ-AlOOH. Comparison between the elastic constants of δ-AlOOH and α-Al₂O₃ (corundum) shows that δ-AlOOH is as hard as corundum even though it contains 15% amount of water. In addition, δ-AlOOH has a calculated refractive index n similar to that of corundum.     

Chaotic dynamics of active optical fiber ring resonator with optical injection

We experimentally obtain the route from period doubling to chaos in an active optical fiber ring resonator （AOFRR） with optical injection. The results show that the AOFRR is sensitive to external optical injection and demonstrate various dynamic characteristics. Meanwhile, the change of the injection strength can cause the output of the AOFRR to become periodic or chaotic. It can be confirmed that all the dynamic characteristics of the system are due to the interaction of the semiconductor laser with the erbium-doped fiber amplifier （EDFA）.     

Linear optical approach to supersymmetric dynamics

The concept of supersymmetry developed in particle physics has been applied to various fields of modern physics. In quantum mechanics, the supersymmetric systems refer to the systems involving two supersymmetric partner Hamiltonians,whose energy levels are degeneracy except one of the systems has an extra ground state possibly, and the eigenstates of the partner systems can be mapped onto each other. Recently, an interferometric scheme has been proposed to show this relationship in ultracold atoms [Phys. Rev. A 96 043624(2017)]. Here this approach is generalized to linear optics for observing the supersymmetric dynamics with photons. The time evolution operator is simulated approximately via Suzuki–Trotter expansion with considering the realization of the kinetic and potential terms separately. The former is realized through the diffraction nature of light and the later is implemented using a phase plate. Additionally, we propose an interferometric approach which can be implemented perfectly using an amplitude alternator to realize the non-unitary operator. The numerical results show that our scheme is universal and can be realized with current technologies.