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Zusammenfassung Die Verteilungstitration von Ionenpaaren erlaubt die titrimetrische Bestimmung ausschüttelbarer Ionen durch Messung des Titrationsverlaufes oder durch Bestimmung des Endpunktes durch Indicatoren. Die Verteilungsgleichgewichte des zu analysierenden Ions und des Indicatorions bestimmen die Verteilung des Indicators am Äquivalenzpunkt auf die beiden Phasen. Bei geringen Unterschieden dieser Verteilungsgleichgewichte ist im allgemeinen der Endpunkt erreicht, wenn der Indicator vollständig in die organische Schicht übergewechselt ist, während bei großen Unterschieden der Endpunkt erreicht ist, wenn die erste Indicatormenge in die organische Schicht übergeht.
Partition titration of ion pairs with indicators. Calculation of the titration curves
The ion-pair partition-titration makes possible the titrimetric determination of extractable ions by measurement of the course of titration or the end-point determination with indicators. The partition of the indicator at the equivalent point in both phases is governed by the partition equilibriums of the ion to be analyzed and the indicator ion. Generally, in case of slight differences of the partition-equilibrium constants, the end point is reached, when the indicator has been fully taken up by the organic phase. On the other hand, on account of larger differences of the partition-equilibrium constants, the end point is reached, when the indicator just moves into the organic layer.


Herrn Prof. Dr. R. Bock danke ich für Ratschläge. Die Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft förderte die Arbeit durch ein Habilitandenstipendium.  相似文献   

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Summary Spark source mass spectrometry with photoplate detection has been used for the purity control of tungsten. The achievable detection limits and the accuracy are discussed. The results are compared with those of secondary ion mass spectrometry.  相似文献   

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The use of Rutherford backscattering for the investigation of monocrystals overlaid with thin amorphous layers is briefly described. Using silicon crystals covered with silicon nitride and aluminium layers, methods are exhibited, which provide special informations about surface layers (mass and area concentration of the layer atoms, composition of the layers and density and thickness, respectively).   相似文献   

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We have been able to synthesize chlorodifluomethyltetracarbonyl- cobalt (1) by the reaction of chlorodifluoroacetyl chloride and sodium tetracarbonylcobaltate(-I) at low temperatures. (1) decomposes at normal temperature to yield μ-difluoromethylene-μ-carbonyl-bis(tricarbonylcobalt) (Co-Co) (2), di-μ-difluoromethylene-bis (tricarbonylcobalt) (Co-Co) (3) and μ-difluormethylene-μ-tetrafluoroethylidene-bis (tricarbonylcobalt) (Co-Co) (4). (2) proved to be an intermediate in the formation of the cluster fluoromethinyl-enneacarbonyltricobalt (5).Na[Co(CO)3P(C6H5)3] (or Na[Co(CO)4] in presence of triphenylphosphine) and ClCF2COCl react to form the acetyl derivative ClCF2 CO·Co(CO)3P(C6H5)3 (6) which cannot be decomposed to give the corresponding methyl compound.  相似文献   

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Investigations of the Products of Isocyanates with Hydroxylamine The reactions of isocyanates with hydroxylamine give rise to several compounds according to the different conditions involved when starting with the primary reaction products, the hydroxy-ureas. The pure compounds have been isolated. An interesting reaction of N-phenyl-N′-phenylcarbamoyloxyurea with sodium hydroxide has been observed. This compound is converted to 3-hydroxy-1, 5-diphenylbiuret under conditions described.  相似文献   

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