Novel local smoothness indicators for improving the third‐order WENO scheme

The local smoothness indicators play an important role in the performance of a weighted essentially nonoscillatory (WENO) scheme. Due to having only 2 points available on each substencil, the local smoothness indicators calculated by conventional methods make the third‐order WENO scheme too dissipative. In this paper, we propose a different method to calculate the indicators by using all the 3 points on the global stencil of the third‐order WENO scheme. The numerical results demonstrate that the WENO scheme with the new indicators has less dissipation and better resolution than the conventional third‐order WENO scheme of Jiang and Shu for both smooth and discontinuous solutions.     

L1-type smoothness indicators based weighted essentially nonoscillatory scheme for Hamilton-Jacobi equations

This article presents an improved fifth-order finite difference weighted essentially nonoscillatory (WENO) scheme to solve Hamilton-Jacobi equations. A new type of nonlinear weights is introduced with the construction of local smoothness indicators on each local stencil that are measured with the help of generalized undivided differences in L¹-norm. A novel global smoothness measurement is also constructed with the help of local measurements from its linear combination. Numerical experiments are conducted in one- and two-dimensions to demonstrate the performance enhancement, resolution power, numerical accuracy for the proposed scheme, and compared it with the classical WENO scheme.     

A new smoothness indicator for third‐order WENO scheme

We present a new reference smoothness indicator for third‐order weighted essentially non‐oscillatory scheme to recover its design‐order convergence at critical points. This reference smoothness indicator, which involves both the candidate and global smoothness indicators in the weighted essentially non‐oscillatory framework, is devised according to a sufficient condition on the weights for third‐order convergence. The recovery of design‐order is verified by standard tests. Meanwhile, numerical results demonstrate that the present reference smoothness indicator produces sharper representation of the discontinuity owing to the combined effects of larger weight assignment to the discontinuous stencils and convergence rate recovery. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Third‐order WENO scheme with a new smoothness indicator

In this article, we have devised a new reference smoothness indicator for third‐order weighted essentially non‐oscillatory (WENO) scheme to achieve desired order of convergence at critical points. In the context of the weighted essentially non‐oscillatory scheme, reference smoothness indicator is constructed in such a way that it satisfies the sufficient condition on the weights for the third‐order convergence. The goal is to construct a reference smoothness indicator such that the resulted scheme have to achieve the required order of accuracy even if the first two derivatives vanish but not the third derivative. The construction of such reference smoothness indicator is not possible through a linear combination of local smoothness indicators only. We have proposed a reference smoothness indicator to be of the fourth order of accuracy on three‐point stencil that contains the linear combination of the first derivative information of the local and global stencils. The performance enhancement of the WENO scheme through this reference smoothness indicator is verified through the standard numerical experiments. Numerical results indicate that the new scheme provides better results in comparison with the earlier third‐order WENO schemes like WENO‐JS and WENO‐Z. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Improved third‐order weighted essentially nonoscillatory schemes with new smoothness indicators

In this article, we present two improved third‐order weighted essentially nonoscillatory (WENO) schemes for recovering their design‐order near first‐order critical points. The schemes are constructed in the framework of third‐order WENO‐Z scheme. Two new global smoothness indicators, τ_L3 and τ_L4, are devised by a nonlinear combination of local smoothness indicators (IS_k) and reference values (IS_G) based on Lagrangian interpolation polynomial. The performances of the proposed schemes are evaluated on several numerical tests governed by one‐dimensional linear advection equation or one‐ and two‐dimensional Euler equations. Numerical results indicate that the presented schemes provide less dissipation and higher resolution than the original WENO3‐JS and subsequent WENO3‐N scheme.     

无粘可压缩流动的改进高精度方法

为更准确捕捉复杂流场的流动细节,通过对WENO格式的光滑因子进行改进,发展了一种新的五阶WENO格式。对三阶ENO格式进行加权可以得到五阶WENO格式,但是不同的加权处理,WENO格式在极值处保持加权基本无振荡的效果不同,本文构造了二阶精度的局部光滑因子,及不含一阶二阶导数的高阶全局光滑因子,从而实现WENO格式在极值处有五阶精度。基于改进五阶WENO格式,对一维对流方程、一维和二维可压缩无粘问题进行算例验证,并与传统WENO-JS格式和WENO-Z格式进行比较。计算结果表明,改进五阶WENO格式有较高的精度和收敛速度,有较低的数值耗散,能有效捕捉间断、激波和涡等复杂流动。     

Improvement of the weighted essentially nonoscillatory scheme based on the interaction of smoothness indicators

The weighted essentially nonoscillatory scheme is improved by introducing new smoothness indicators that evaluate the interactions among the classical smoothness indicators suggested by Jiang and Shu. The effect of the key parameters in the new smoothness indicators on the scheme is systematically investigated. The improved scheme has smaller dissipation with larger weight assignment to the discontinuous stencils and higher numerical accuracy with weights closer to the ideal weights. To verify the theory, benchmark problems governed by the linear transport equation, the 1‐dimensional nonlinear Burgers equation, and the Euler equations are conducted and analyzed, respectively. Better computational performances both on numerical resolution and accuracy are shown in the comparisons with other classical weighted essentially nonoscillatory schemes.     

On the efficient application of weighted essentially nonoscillatory scheme

In this paper, the efficient application of high‐order weighted essentially nonoscillatory (WENO) reconstruction to the subsonic and transonic engineering problems is studied. On the basis of the physical considerations, two techniques are proposed to enhance the accuracy and efficiency of the WENO reconstruction. First, it is observed that the WENO scheme using characteristic variable has better accuracy and convergence speed than the scheme using primitive variable. For engineering problems with shock of moderate amplitude, on the basis of the Rankine–Hugoniot conditions, a simplified characteristic‐variable‐based WENO is developed. The simplified version significantly reduces the cost overhead without sacrificing the shock‐capturing capability. Second, in this work, it is found for viscous case that it is better to include the viscous effect. On the basis of a simple analysis, the viscous correction to the parameter ε in the WENO reconstruction is proposed. Numerical results indicate, with the proposed simplified characteristic‐variable‐based reconstruction and the viscous correction, that the nonlinear WENO interpolation is sharply activated in the region of shock jump, whereas in the shockless area, the WENO interpolation weights are tuned towards the designed optimal value for better accuracy. Compared with the original characteristic‐variable‐based WENO, the current implementation has similar accuracy and reduced cost. At the same time, compared with the primitive variable‐based WENO, better accuracy and convergence speed are obtained at marginal cost overhead. Several practical cases are calculated to demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency of the current methodology. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

高阶多维半离散中心迎风格式及其应用

提出了求解多维对流-扩散方程的四阶半离散中心迎风格式。该格式以中心加权基本无振荡(CWENO)重构为基础,同时考虑到在Riemann扇内波传播的局部速度,从而更加准确地估计出了局部Riemann扇的宽度,最终既回避了网格的交错,又降低了格式的数值粘性,建立了介于迎风格式和中心格式之间的半离散中心迎风格式。本文还将该四阶半离散中心迎风格式与涡度-流函数方法相结合,有效地求解了二维不可压Euler方程组和Navier-Stokes方程组。     

Comments on Three-point explicit compact difference scheme with arbitrary order of accuracy and its application in CFD

The explicit compact difference scheme,proposed in Three-point explicit compact difference scheme with arbitrary order of accuracy and its application in CFD by Lin et al.,published in Applied Mathematics and Mechanics (English Edition),2007,28(7),943-953,has the same performance as the conventional finite difference schemes.It is just another expression of the conventional finite difference schemes. The proposed expression does not have the advantages of a compact difference scheme. Nonetheless,we can more easily obtain and implement compared with the conventional expression in which the coefficients can only be obtained by solving equations,especially for higher accurate schemes.     

基于特征分裂改进的WENO格式与Roe格式对比研究

双曲性守恒方程组采用高阶、高分辨率的WENO格式时有两类分裂方法,即逐点分裂和特征分裂。本文基于后者,对特征分裂重构时强间断和接触间断位置出现的振荡情况进行研究,对重构变量加以改进,发现改进后的WENO格式克服了间断处的振荡,然后以LU-SGS为子迭代的双时间步法求解Euler方程,选用一维Sod、二维前台阶和双马赫反射算例,并与Roe格式计算结果进行对比,发现WENO格式分辨率更高,耗散更小。     

Third-order modified coefficient scheme based on essentially non-oscillatory scheme

A third-order numerical scheme is presented to give approximate solutions to multi-dimensional hyperbolic conservation laws only using modified coefficients of an essentially non-oscillatory （MCENO） scheme without increasing the base points during construction of the scheme. The construction process shows that the modified coefficient approach preserves favourable properties inherent in the original essentially nonoscillatory （ENO） scheme for its essential non-oscillation, total variation bounded （TVB）, etc. The new scheme improves accuracy by one order compared to the original one. The proposed MCENO scheme is applied to simulate two-dimensional Rayleigh-Taylor （RT） instability with densities 1：3 and 1：100, and solve the Lax shock-wave tube numerically. The ratio of CPU time used to implement MCENO, the .third-order ENO and fifth-order weighed ENO （WENO） schemes is 0.62：1：2.19. This indicates that MCENO improves accuracy in smooth regions and has higher accuracy and better efficiency compared to the original ENO scheme.     

Comments on <Emphasis Type="Italic">Three-point explicit compact difference scheme with arbitrary order of accuracy and its application in CFD</Emphasis>

The explicit compact difference scheme, proposed in Three-point explicit compact difference scheme with arbitrary order of accuracy and its application in CFD by Lin et al., published in Applied Mathematics and Mechanics （English Edition）, 2007, 28（7）, 943-953, has the same performance as the conventional finite difference schemes. It is just another expression of the conventional finite difference schemes. The proposed expression does not have the advantages of a compact difference scheme. Nonetheless, we can more easily obtain and implement compared with the conventional expression in which the coefficients can only be obtained by solving equations, especially for higher accurate schemes.     

Robustness of the hybrid DRP‐WENO scheme for shock flow computations

This paper describes a new variant of hybrid scheme that is constructed by a wave‐capturing scheme and a nonoscillatory scheme for flow computations in the presence of shocks. The improved fifth‐order upwind weighted essentially nonoscillatory scheme is chosen to be conjugated with the seven‐point dispersion‐relation‐preserving scheme by means of an adaptive switch function of grid‐point type. The new hybrid scheme can achieve a better resolution than the hybrid scheme which is based on the classical weighted essentially scheme. Ami Harten's multiresolution analysis algorithm is applied to density field for detecting discontinuities and setting point values of the switch function adaptively. Moreover, the tenth‐order central filter is applied in smooth part of the flow field for damping dispersion errors. This scheme can promote overall computational efficiency and yield oscillation‐free results in shock flows. The resolution properties and robustness of the new hybrid scheme are tested in both 1D and 2D linear and nonlinear cases. It performs well for computing flow problems with rich structures of weak/strong shocks and large/small vortices, such as the shock‐boundary layer interaction problem in a shock tube, which illustrates that it is very robust and accurate for direct numerical simulation of gas‐dynamics flows. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A high performance fifth-order multistep WENO scheme

Many efforts have been made to improve the accuracy of the conventional weighted essentially nonoscillatory (WENO) scheme at transition points (connecting a smooth region and a discontinuity point). This paper analyzes these works and further develops a more effective multistep WENO scheme. Theoretical analysis and numerical results show that the new scheme not only improves the accuracy by one order higher than the traditional fifth-order WENO schemes at transition point but also maintains the fifth-order accuracy in smooth regions even at critical point where the first derivative vanishes.     

三阶WENO格式精度分析与改进

高分辨率激波捕捉格式对含激波流场的数值模拟具有重要意义。通过理论推导分析了WENO-JS3格式和WENO-Z3格式的精度,发现两种格式在光滑流场区域（包含极值点处）具有相同的理论精度且均低于三阶设计精度,WENO-Z3格式由于增大了非光滑模板的非线性权重使其计算精度有所提高。在理论推导的基础上,提出了WENO-Z+3格式及其改进格式（WENO-Z+3P1和WENO-Z+3P32）,且改进格式在光滑流场区域能满足所设计的三阶精度要求。选用一维平面黎曼问题及双马赫反射等经典算例,验证了本文提出的WENO-Z+3格式及其改进格式相较其他格式具有耗散低和对流场结构分辨率高的特性。     

双同守恒律方程的加权本质无振荡格式新进展

近几年,在计算流体力学中,高精度、高分辨率的加权本质无振荡(weighted essentially non-oscillatory , WENO)格式得到很大的发展.WENO格式的主要思想是通过低阶的数值流通量的凸组合重构得到高阶的逼近,并且在间断附近具有本质无振荡的性质.本文综合介绍了双曲守恒律方程的有限差分和有限体积迎风型WENO,中心WENO,紧致中心WENO以及优化的WENO格式等,讨论了负权的处理和多维问题的解决方法.最后,通过一些算例证明WENO格式的高精度,本质无振荡的性质.图6参40      

求解多维双曲守恒律方程组的四阶半离散格式

提出了求解多维双曲守恒律方程组的四阶半离散格式。该方法以中心加权基本无振荡(CWENO)重构为基础,同时考虑到在R iemann扇内波传播的局部速度,从而回避了计算过程中的网格交错,建立了数值耗散较小的介于迎风格式和中心格式之间的半离散格式。本文的四阶半离散格式是Kurganov等人的三阶半离散格式的高阶推广。大量的数值算例充分说明了本文方法的高分辨率和稳定性。