Change in the activity of the proteolytic enzymes of cotton seeds when the plants are affected by wilt

The change in the proteolytic activity of the seeds of the cotton plant varieties Tashkent-1- Tashkent-6, S-4727, and 108-F when the plants are affected by wilt has been studied. A relationship has been established between the decrease in activity for seeds of the Tashkent-1 and Tashkent-6 varieties and the degree of attack by wilt. A hypothesis has been put forward on the existence of variety differences in the response reaction of the cotton plant to the introduction of the pathogen. The appearance of distinctive electrophoretic protein components in the seeds of wilt-affected cotton plants of the Tashkent-1 and Tashkent-6 varieties has been shown. A hypothesis has been made of a possible increase in the amount of proteinase inhibitors in response to the infection of the plants by wilt, a consequence of which is a sharp decrease in proteolytic activity and the appearance of distinctive electrophoretic components.     

Influence of wilt infection on the gossypol pigments of seeds and roots of a cotton plant of the variety Tashkent-1

A study has been made of the gossypol pigments of the seeds and roots of a cotton plant of the variety Tashkent-1 infected with wilt in comparison with a healthy plant. The amount of gossypol in the infected plant was lower than in the healthy plant. In the diseased plant, gossypurpurin was concentrated in the roots, and in the healthy plant it was concentrated in the seeds. Gossypol possessing optical activity was detected in the seeds and roots of both the healthy and the diseased plants.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Uzbek SSR Academy of Sciences, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 63–66, January–February, 1989.     

Phospholipids of the seeds of the healthy and the wilt-affected cotton plant

A comparative study has been made of the phospholipid complexes of the seeds of a healthy cotton plant of the variety Tashkent-1 and one attacked by verticillium wilt. Some differences have been found in the amounts of the components of the total phospholipids and in the distribution of the fatty acids in the individual fractions of the phospholipids of the healthy and wilt-affected plants.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 3, pp. 325–327, May–June, 1980.     

Lipid composition of the seeds of the cotton plant infected with wilt

The qualitative and quantitative set of lipid components of the seeds of healthy cotton plants of the variety Tashkent-1 and plants infected with verticillium wilt have been studied. It has been established that the compositions of the lipids of the two samples differ considerably. The greatest differences are observed in the amounts of total lipids, gossypol, and low-molecular-weight volatile acids.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 3, pp. 319–325, May–June, 1980.     

N-acylated phospholipids and lysophospholipids of wilt-resistant varieties of the cotton plant

Summary The minor phospholipids of the seeds of cotton plants of varieties Tashkent-1, Tashkent-2, and Tashkent-3 have been isolated and studied. The position distribution of the fatty acids in the N-acylphosphatidylethanolamines has been established.On the basis of the results of a chemical study and also of NMR spectroscopy, it is suggested that the N-acyllysophosphatidylethanolamines are 2-acylglycerophosphoryl-N-acylethanolamines, and that the lysophosphatidylcholines are 2-acylglycerophosphorylcholines.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 8–11, January–February, 1979.     

Minor phospholipids of the seeds of the cotton plant of variety “Tashkent-2” structure of the N-acyllysophosphatidylethanolamine

Summary The minor phospholipids from the seeds of the cotton plant of variety Tashkent-2 have been isolated and studied. It has been established that the FA's attached to the N atom are more saturated than the corresponding O-acyls. For the N-acyllsyo-PE the structure of a 2-acylglycerophosphoryl-N-acylethanolamine has been proposed. As in the main fractions, in the minor components of the phospholipids of the seeds of the cotton plant of variety Tashkent-2 the saturated fatty acids mainly occupy position 2.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedininii, No. 1, pp. 41–44, January–February, 1978.     

Isolation of immunosimilar proteins from cotton seeds by immunoaffinity chromatograph

A sorbent highly specific forVerticillium proteins has been obtained from BrCN-Sepharose and rabbit immunoglobulins. By affinity chromatography using this sorbent a protein immunologically similar to the proteins of the mycelium of the fungusV. dahliae has been isolated from cotton seeds of the Tashkent-1 variety. The molecular mass of the protein has been determined, and its proteolytic activity has been established.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 746–749, September–October, 1993.     

Investigation of the dynamics of the accumulation of some secondary metabolites of cottonplant leaves

The compositions of the secondary metabolites (SMs) of the leaves and petioles of cotton plants of the deciduous and selection lines L-275, L-470, L-475, and 142-F and the variety Tashkent-1 have been studied. It has been shown that the level of -tocopherol and polyprenols in the leaf blades and petioles changes fairly sharply according to the phases of ontogenesis. The results of an exogenous treatment of the leaves of cotton plants of the control varieties Tashkent-1 and 108-F with the SMs showed an interrelationship of deciduousness and the quantitative composition of the sterols.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, fax (3712) 40 64 75. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, Vol. 33, No. 1, pp. 113–117, January–February, 1997.     

Electrophoretic investigation of the seed proteins of the cotton plantGossypium hirsutum

The proteins of the buffer-soluble fraction of the seeds of cotton plants of the speciesGossypium hirsutum, wild and ruderal varieties, have been investigated by electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gel and have been subdivided into two classes. Characteristic components have been detected in the protein spectra of these samples. In diploid species of the cotton plant, in addition to characteristic protein components, individual components are also observed.Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 736–738, September–October, 1995. Original article submitted November 21, 1994.     

Composition and inhibiting action of a fraction of secondary metabolites from cotton plant leaves

The qualitative and quantitive compositions of fractions from the leaves of two self-pinching-out lines of cotton plant and of the standard variety 108-F have been determined in parallel by mass chromatography, and differences in their contents of the main metabolites have been determined. A fraction of the secondary metabolites (SMs) obtained from mature leaves of a cotton plant of the self-pinching-out line L-49 has shown a retardant activity in treatment of the growth points of plants of the Tashkent-1 variety.Deceased.Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 278–285, March–April, 1994.     

An investigation of cottonseed globulins. XXI. The 11S globulins of two varieties of the cotton plant

The 11S globulins of two varieties of the cotton plant — 108-F and Tashkent-1 — have been studied. It has been shown that the 11S globulins do not differ in quaternary structure and each consists of three subunits A, B, and C. It has been found that the subunits of these varieties differ in their amino acid compositions and the peptide maps of tryptic and chymotryptic hydrolysates.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 680–684, September–October, 1979.     

Effect of infection withVerticillium dahliae on the bound and strongly bound lipids of cotton seeds of varieties with contrasting resistance

The lipids of the kernels of ripe cotton seeds of varieties resistant and susceptible to verticillium wilt have been determined. Intra- and intervariety changes in these indices for the infected plants have been revealed. Different directions of the post-infection changes in the lipids according to the degree of resistance of the variety to wilt have been shown. Differences have been observed both in healthy and in infected plants.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, fax (3712) 89 14 75. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 609–612, September–October, 1994.     

A comparative investigation of the fatty acid compositions of the seeds of a number of lines of a genetic collection of Gossypium hirsutum

A comparative analysis has been made of the amounts of lipids and their fatty-acid compositions in the seeds of the lines of agenetic collection of cotton plants of the speciesGossypium hirsutum and their hybrids and the variety Tashkent-1. The results obtained on the fatty-acid compositions of some hybrids make it possible to recommend the use of individual lines of cotton plants as donors for improving the food-value indices of cottonseed oil.Institute of Chemsitry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. V. I. Lenin Tashkent State University. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 173–176, March–April, 1991.     

Proteins of the seeds ofRicinis communis. I. A study of the water-soluble proteins of the seeds and meal ofRicinis communis

The electrophoretic spectrum of the water-soluble proteins of the seeds and meal of the castor-oil plant has been studied. A correlation has been found between a decrease in the relative amount of electrophoretic components with R_f 0.04 and 0.11 and the hemagglutinating activity of the meal.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances of the Uzbek SSR Academy of Sciences, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 630–631, September–October, 1960.     

Comparative investigation of the composition of the protease inhibitors of wilt-resistant and wilt-susceptible varieties of cotton

The amounts and the group, class, and fatty-acid compositions of the feebly-and the strongly-bound lipids of the total protein fraction of cotton seeds that inhibits the growth of the pathogenic fungusVerticillium dahliae Kleb. have been determined. The main differences of the indices for the seeds of healthy and infected plants of two varieties contrasted by their degrees of susceptibility to verticillium wilt have been established.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, fax (3712) 89 14 75. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 474–480, July–August, 1994.     

An investigation of the structure of the phospholipids of the cotton plant of variety Tashkent-2

Summary 1. The fatty-acid compositions of the total phospholipids of the seed kernels of the cotton plant of variety Tashkent-2, after the elimination of carbohydrates, and of their main components have been studied.2. It has been found that at 37–38°C the time of enzymatic hydrolysis is considerably shortened.3. A study of the products of acid and enzymatic hydrolysis has shown the structure of the individual phospholipids.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 145–148, March–April, 1976.     

Effect of infection byVerticillium dahliae on the lipid complex of cotton seeds from varieties with contrasting resistance

The yields and fatty acid compositions of the free lipids and lipids weakly and strongly bound to proteins from seeds of cottonplant varieties resistant and susceptible to verticillium wilt have been determined and the changes in these indices in the seeds of the infected plants have been measured. It has been established that the seeds of healthy plants of the two varieties are similar in the qualitative compositions of the lipids and fatty acids but differ with respect the amounts of lipids in them bound with protein in different ways and with respect to the amounts of the individual fatty acids. The observed changes in the lipid and fatty-acid compositions depend on the degree of resistance of the variety to wilt.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, fax (3712) 89 14 75. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 605–608, September–October, 1994.     

Functional properties of a serine protease inhibitor from cotton seeds

It has been shown that dormant cotton seeds contain proteins capable of inhibiting the activity of the proteolytic enzymes of the pathogenVerticillium dahliae Kleb. An immunochemical method of evaluating the resistance of a cotton plant to this fungus has been developed.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, FAX (3712) 89-14-75. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 533–537, July–August, 1994.     

A comparative study of the 5S rRNAs from plant seeds

Summary 1. It has been established that the method of isolating ribosomes by precipitation with ethanol in the presence of Mg²⁺ can be used in the isolation of ribosomes from the seeds of other plants. The isolated 5S rRNAs have the same electrophoretic mobility, while the 5S rRNAs from plants differ sharply from the 5S rRNAs of yeast in electrophoretic mobility which is apparently due to differences in their secondary and tertiary structures.2. In the sprouting of cotton seeds, the amount of total rRNAs first increases (two-day shoots) and then falls (seven-day shoots).Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 56–59, January–February, 1979.     

Effect of infection withVerticillium dahliae on the bound and strongly bound lipids of cotton seeds of varieties with contrasting resistance

The lipids of the kernels of ripe cotton seeds of varieties resistant and susceptible to verticillium wilt have been determined. Intra- and intervariety changes in these indices for the infected plants have been revealed. Different directions of the post-infection changes in the lipids according to the degree of resistance of the variety to wilt have been shown. Differences have been observed both in healthy and in infected plants.