一种快速收敛的水声信道载波恢复盲均衡算法

基于对修正的常数模算法(MCMA)进行分析,提出了一种用于QPSK(四进制相移键控)信号的快速载波恢复盲均衡算法。该算法中构造了一种与MCMA算法不同的、能够快速收敛的误差函数,在消除码间干扰(ISI)、纠正相位误差的同时,进一步改善了收敛性能。该算法对输出信号的实部和虚部分别进行非线性变换。最后利用实测的水声信道数据,对这几种算法进行了数值分析研究,结果表明:所提出的算法不仅能够很好地克服相位旋转,而且其收敛速度明显高于MCMA,剩余均方误差更小,而计算量并没有明显的增加。     

A geometric nonuniform fast Fourier transform

An efficient algorithm is presented for the computation of Fourier coefficients of piecewise-polynomial densities on flat geometric objects in arbitrary dimension and codimension. Applications range from standard nonuniform FFTs of scattered point data, through line and surface potentials in two and three dimensions, to volumetric transforms in three dimensions. Input densities are smoothed with a B-spline kernel, sampled on a uniform grid, and transformed by a standard FFT, and the resulting coefficients are unsmoothed by division. Any specified accuracy can be achieved, and numerical experiments demonstrate the efficiency of the algorithm for a gallery of realistic examples.     

一种更具普适性的浅海不确定声场快速算法

非嵌入式随机多项式展开法是目前性能最优的一种不确定声场快速算法,但配点的选择对算法计算精度影响较大,且当计算随不确定海洋环境参数变化剧烈的声场输出时,需采用分段概率配点法等特殊方法处理。基于Kriging模型提出了一种新的浅海不确定声场快速算法,首先给出了该算法的理论推导,然后通过数值计算验证了算法性能,并给出具体的物理解释,结果表明:在同等条件下,新算法的计算精度较非嵌入式随机多项式展开法更高;无需针对声场输出随不确定海洋环境参数的变化情况采取特殊处理过程;克服了非嵌入式随机多项式展开法为提高计算精度将随机多项式展开至非常高的阶数,从而增加计算量的不足;较非嵌入式随机多项式展开法,其样本点的选择简单易行,且可直接计算误差,因此,本文算法较非嵌入式随机多项式展开法普适性更强。     

基于实时主动声定位的快速测频算法

针对爆炸试验中冲击波超压传感器位置定位的问题,采用陆上实时主动声定位系统对爆炸试验中冲击波超压传感器位置进行定位。系统中对主动发出声信号频率为已知特定几种频率之一的单频信号的快速实时频率检测,提出了一种快速频率检测算法。算法充分利用信号频率为已知特定几种频率之一这一特定条件,并结合离散时间傅里叶变换(DTFT)与离散傅里叶变换(DFT)的关系以及帕塞瓦尔定理,得出快速频率检测的表达式。经实验验证和计算分析,算法检测频率精准可靠,计算量比其他快速测频算法小得多,更适用于军事紧急状态下陆上实时主动声定位中主动发声和实时定位条件下的快速测频。     

相干噪声快速去除算法及其在声源定位中的应用

针对相干噪声干扰声源辨识问题,将强跟踪滤波器理论与阵列-信号采集模型相结合,发展了一种快速估计相位变化的算法。算法引入多重次优渐消因子,能够进一步提取相位残差中的有用信息,使输出残差序列处处正交,且该因子能根据噪声相位差变化自动调节。通过仿真对连续相位突变进行跟踪表明,在参数失配条件下该算法实现了相位差的准确估计,且其性能在宽频范围具有稳定性。通过音箱实验给出了宽频范围内的成像结果,与已有算法对比表明,该算法不仅能够实时消除噪声干扰并可将收敛速度提高一倍以上。本研究实现了对随机变化相位的准确估计,提升了传声器阵列在相干噪声干扰下的声源实时定位能力。     

十字阵短时宽带声源实时定向算法

面向短时宽带声源实时定向问题,提出了一种基于互功率谱时延估计的十字阵定向优化算法。针对该方法估计结果离散且呈不均匀分布的特点,将观测平面划分为四个测量区域,并利用不同阵元组合分别处理,解决实时性与估计成功率的矛盾;依据互相关函数的特点,设计了若干判断准则,排除由于数据取样短造成的异常时延估计,改善算法的可靠性;采用频域插值方法,一定程度上提高时延估计精度,从而提高定向精度。MATLAB仿真和DSP系统实验表明,这种方法在实际应用中有效提高了对短时宽带声源定向的性能。     

一种快速合成多虚拟声源的头相关传输函数模型

提出了一种用于实时快速合成多个虚拟声源的头相关传输函数(HRTF)模型。首先对水平面的头相关脉冲响应(HRIR,头相关传输函数的时域形式)数据进行两层小波包分解,然后用一组子带滤波器和综合滤波器建立模型。子带滤波器的系数由HRIR小波系数的零插值得到,综合滤波器的系数由小波函数计算得到。通过使用阈值法对小波系数进行压缩,即可达到简化模型、减小运算量的目的。计算表明,只需要使用30点的小波系数建模,可使模型的重构误差控制在1%的量级。而心理声学实验表明,使用35点的小波系数,模型可得到和原始的HRTF滤波器相当的听觉效果。在同时合成多个虚拟声源的实时计算中,模型的运算量明显小于普通的HRTF滤波器。     

Prediction of the acoustic form function by neural network techniques for immersed tubes

A new approach is used to predict the acoustic form function (FF) for an infinite length cylindrical shell excited perpendicularly to its axis using the artificial neural network (ANN) techniques. The Wigner-Ville distribution is used like a comparison tool between the FF calculated by the analytical method and that predicted by the ANN techniques for a stainless steel tube. During the development of the network, several configurations are evaluated for various radius ratios ba (a: outer radius: b: inner radius of the tube). The optimal model is a network with one hidden layer. It is able to predict the FF with a mean relative error about 1.61% for the cases studied in this paper.     

Multilevel fast multipole algorithm for acoustic wave scattering by truncated ground with trenches

The multilevel fast multipole algorithm (MLFMA) is extended to solve for acoustic wave scattering by very large objects with three-dimensional arbitrary shapes. Although the fast multipole method as the prototype of MLFMA was introduced to acoustics early, it has not been used to study acoustic problems with millions of unknowns. In this work, the MLFMA is applied to analyze the acoustic behavior for very large truncated ground with many trenches in order to investigate the approach for mitigating gun blast noise at proving grounds. The implementation of the MLFMA is based on the Nystrom method to create matrix equations for the acoustic boundary integral equation. As the Nystrom method has a simpler mechanism in the generation of far-interaction terms, which MLFMA acts on, the resulting scheme is more efficient than those based on the method of moments and the boundary element method (BEM). For near-interaction terms, the singular or near-singular integrals are evaluated using a robust technique, which differs from that in BEM. Due to the enhanced efficiency, the MLFMA can rapidly solve acoustic wave scattering problems with more than two million unknowns on workstations without involving parallel algorithms. Numerical examples are used to demonstrate the performance of the MLFMA with report of consumed CPU time and memory usage.     

双水听器传递函数法低频测试及误差分析

在水声声管中用双水听器传递函数法测量水声材料的复反射系数。本文研究了传递函数的特点,提出了等反射系数曲线和等相位角曲线,还研究了传递函数的测量误差和复反射系数的计算误差,得出的结论是:合理选择双水听器位置参数,提高系统信噪比,修正水中声速,并采用交换通道法,在所要求的频率范围内使测量结果达到一定精度。文章还给出测试实例,与经典的驻波法结果一致。     

快速正交搜索算法在水声信号处理中的应用*

信号的谱估计技术作为一种十分重要且应用广泛的信号分析处理手段,对其性能的不断提升和改进一直是水声信号处理领域研究的重点和热点。对此,该文将快速正交搜索算法应用于水声信号的谱估计中,通过隐式正交对参数进行搜索,实现对信号频率、幅度、相位的估计。仿真和实验数据处理结果表明,相较于传统的谱估计方法,该方法能稳定且准确地估计水声信号的多个参数,获得频率分辨率较高的谱估计结果。     

A fast wave superposition spectral method with complex radius vector combined with two-dimensional fast Fourier transform algorithm for acoustic radiation of axisymmetric bodies

Based on the two-dimensional fast Fourier transform (2D FFT) algorithm, a wave superposition spectral method with complex radius vector has been proposed to efficiently analyze the acoustic radiation from an axisymmetric body. First, the complex Fourier series are used along both circumferential and meridian directions, to expand the integral kernel function and unknown source strength density distributed function. Then, by means of the rectangular integral formula, the radiation sound pressure is described in the form of two-dimensional discrete Fourier transform and generalized through 2D FFT algorithm. Finally, several numerical examples are performed to verify the accuracy and efficiency of the present method. Comparing with the other existing analysis ways, the present method has three different characteristics: (1) there is no singular integral in the numerical computation; (2) the unique solution can be given for all eigen wavenumbers owing to the application of the virtual boundary technology with complex radius vector; and (3) the computational efficiency is improved remarkably because all Fourier terms are calculated simultaneously through 2D FFT algorithm.     

A fast computational technique for RF window in millimeter wave tubes

RF Window of millimeter wave tubes becomes very thin because of extreme high frequency, so that power capacity of the window is limited, manufacturing is difficult and it easy leaks. The equivalent circuit and computation are given for a type of ceramic block RF window with compensating irises. This RF window has higher power capacity, compact mechanical strength, easy manufacturing and airtight welding. The testing results show that the design method is fast and useful accuracy.     

A fast method for acoustic imaging of multiple three-dimensional objects

This paper is concerned with the inverse problem for imaging multiple three-dimensional objects using the information of the far-field pattern of the scattered wave. A spatially dependent function, which has noticeably different values inside and outside the obstacle, is derived. A numerical method based on the characterization is developed to obtain a visualization of the obstacle. The most remarkable advantage of this method is that it does not need any prior knowledge about the geometry and physical properties of the scatterer, and requires only the information of the far-field measurements for a finite number of directions of incidence and observation distributed over a limited range. Furthermore, the scheme is very simple and fast since it avoids the use of the iterative procedure and requires only the solution of a linear system. Some numerical examples with synthetic far-field data are given showing the practicality and efficiency of this scheme.     

基于子空间投影的声辐射多频分析算法

针对边界元法在声辐射多频分析中的困难,提出了一种基于子空间投影的快速插值算法。该方法将所求解的声学量视为一个线性系统的传递函数,然后采用Krylov投影降阶方法的无矩阵形式对原系统进行模型降阶,并通过降阶系统的传递函数来实现对所求声学量的频率插值计算。文中分别采用等距频率插值和自适应插值方案,计算了三种模型算例的辐射声压和声功率。数值结果表明,本算法可以在保证一定计算精度的前提下,显著地提高声辐射多频分析的计算速度。     

Mass transfer in nonuniform media

The lattice model was used to derive equations describing diffusion in a nonuniform medium in the absence of local equilibrium at nonzero temperature gradients. Equations are obtained that extend a diffusion equation with fractional derivative in time and a nonlinear diffusion equation, which was previously obtained within the framework of a generalized thermodynamic approach, to cover diffusion in a medium with a nonuniform temperature field.     

A fast directional algorithm for high-frequency electromagnetic scattering

This paper is concerned with the fast solution of high-frequency electromagnetic scattering problems using the boundary integral formulation. We extend the O(N log N) directional multilevel algorithm previously proposed for the acoustic scattering case to the vector electromagnetic case. We also detail how to incorporate the curl operator of the magnetic field integral equation into the algorithm. When combined with a standard iterative method, this results in an almost linear complexity solver for the combined field integral equations. In addition, the butterfly algorithm is utilized to compute the far field pattern and radar cross section with O(N log N) complexity.     

一种矢量量化编码的快速搜索算法

提出了一种矢量量化编码的快速匹配算法。利用码书的拓扑结构和柯西 施瓦兹不等式的性质推导出了消除不必要匹配操作的条件,并根据这个条件提出了快速搜索算法。实验结果表明,该算法不仅明显降低了矢量编码过程的复杂程度,同时也保证了与全搜索编码相同的图像编码质量。与其它搜索方法的操作次数和存储空间进行了比较。     

一种改进的快速Mini-Norm算法

Ｋｕｍａｒｅｓａｎ和Ｔｕｆｔｓ提出的Ｍｉｎｉ－Ｎｏｒｍ算法通过对空间协方差矩阵进行特征分解，随后构造噪声子空间向量来求解方位。