Three new cassane diterpenes from the seeds of Caesalpinia minax Hance

Four fractions were prepared from the crude extract of Caesalpinia minax Hance and the inhibitory activity of nitric oxide (NO) production release of RAW 264.7 cells stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was evaluated. The ethyl acetate (EtOAc) fraction showed obvious inhibitory effect. Bioassay-guided fractionation led to the isolation of three new cassane diterpenes, caesalmin X (1), caesalmin Y (2) and caesalmin Z (3), together with 19 known cassane diterpenoids (4–22). Their structures were mainly characterised on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analyses and comparison with reported data. Moreover, three compounds (20–22) which possessed furanditerpenoid 7,17-lactone structures, displayed moderate activities, with IC₅₀ value of 29.85, 27.38 and 25.40 μM, respectively.     

A new cassane diterpenoid lactone from the seed of Caesalpinia minax

A new cassane diterpenoid lactone was isolated from the seed of Caesalpinia minax.On the basis of spectral evidences,its structure was established as 12α-methoxyl,5α,14β-dihydroxy- 1α,6α,7β-triacetoxycass- 13(15)-en- 16,12-olide.     

Two new cassane diterpene lactams from the fruits of Caesalpinia mimosoides Lam

Two new cassane ditepenoid lactams, caesmimotam A (1) and B (2), along with eight known compounds (3–10) were isolated from the fruits of Caesalpinia mimosoides Lam. Their structures were identified by 1D and 2D NMR spectral data. Compounds 1 and 2 were evaluated for their cytotoxicity on HL-60, SMMC-7721, A-549, MCF-7 and SW-480 human cancer cell lines, but they were inactive.     

The isolation and structure elucidation of a new sesquiterpene lactone from the poisonous plant Coriaria japonica (Coriariaceae)

A new sesquiterpene lactone named coriarin was isolated from achenes (seeds) of Coriaria japonica (Coriariaceae) along with known constituents tutin, dihydrotutin and corianin, and its structure was deduced on a spectroscopic basis. The structure of coriarin was finally confirmed by the base-catalized chemical conversion of tutin into coriarin, in which the lactone ring linkage was transposed from C-3 to C-2. Chemical investigation of sarcocarps was also undertaken in parallel, but neither sesquiterpene lactones nor related constituents were obtained. The results indicate that sesquiterpene lactones occur only in achenes of C. japonica berry, as is the case in other Coriaria species.     

抗稻瘟病水稻品种叶片中脲类衍生物的分离鉴定和生物活性研究

从抗稻瘟病水稻品种(oryzae cav.)叶片中分离得到两种天然的脲类衍生物: 乙基-4-(邻硝基苯基)-3-硫代脲酸酯(1)和乙基-4-(邻硝基苯基)-3-脲酸酯. 它们的波谱分析数据已经测定. 生物活性研究表明化合物1具有特殊的生物活性 .     

Chemical studies on the Philippine crude drug calumbibit (seeds of Caesalpinia bonduc): the isolation of new cassane diterpenes fused with alpha,beta-butenolide

New cassane diterpenes named neocaesalpins C and D were isolated from the Philippine crude drug calumbibit botanically originating from the seeds of Caesalpinia bonduc (Fabaceae), and their structures were elucidated on the basis of the spectroscopic evidence. These compounds are characterized by the presence of the alpha,beta-butenolide moiety. Although a number of cassane furanoditerpenes have been known to occur in the same plant species, such constituents could not be isolated from the crude drug of Philippine origin in this study. It is presumed that the chemical difference resulted from chemical differentiation of the species.     

Minor and trace sterols in marine invertebrates 48. The isolation,structure elucidation and synthesis of 23(R),24(R)-methylenecholesterol.

The isolation, structure determination and synthesis of 23(R),24(R)-methylene-cholesterol—a possible biosynthetic precursor of brassicasterol—is described.     

The isolation and structural elucidation of three new biflavonoid glycosides from Lomatogonium carinthiacum

Three biflavonoid glycosides, named carinoside B, C and D (1, 2 and 3, respectively), were isolated from the n-BuOH crude extract of the aerial part of Lomatogonium carinthiacum (Wulfen) Rchb (L. carinthiacum). The structures of 1, 2 and 3 were elucidated by spectroscopic methods, including UV, IR, HR-ESI-MS and extensive 1D and 2D NMR techniques.     

The isolation and structure elucidation of minor isoflavonoids from licorice of Glycyrrhiza glabra origin

Two new isoflavanone and one new 3-arylcoumarin derivatives, along with a known compound 3,4-didehydroglabridin, were isolated from commercially available licorice of Glycyrrhiza glabra origin, and their structures were elucidated on the basis of both the chemical and spectroscopic evidence.     

Isolation and structure elucidation of a new prenylcoumarin from Murraya paniculata var. omphalocarpa (Rutaceae)

A new C-8 prenylated 5,7-dimethoxycoumarin named omphamurrayin was isolated from the leaves of Murraya paniculata var. omphalocarpa, and its structure was established as 5,7-dimethoxy-8-(1-oxo-2-senecioyl-3-methyl-3-butenyl)-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one on the basis of the spectroscopic evidence. The taxonomic status of M. paniculata var. omphalocarpa is briefly discussed, along with its synonymity to M. paniculata from the chemosystematic viewpoint.     

The discovery, isolation, elucidation of structure, and synthesis of antamanide

Antamanide is the name we have given to a constituent of the fungus Amanita phalloides. This substance counteracts the lethal action of the Amanita toxins phalloidine and α-amanatine if administered to the white mouse before, or simultaneously with, the poisons. Its concentration in the fungus is, however, so low that the toxic action of the latter predominates. Antamanide is a cyclic decapeptide formed from the L -amino acids alanine, phenylalanine, proline, and valine in the molar ratio 1:4:4:1. The amino-acid sequence was determined by a combination of gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. The structural formula assigned was confirmed by synthesis according to a classic route of peptide chemistry.     

Structure elucidation and antibacterial activity of a new coumarinolignoid from Daphne gnidium L.

Phytochemical investigation of the dichloromethane extract from the leaves of Daphne gnidium L. afforded 2‐(4‐hydroxy‐3,5‐dimethoxyphenyl)‐3‐hydroxymethyl‐2,3‐dihydro‐1,4,5‐trioxaphenanthren‐6‐one, and its structure was determined by a combination of spectral methods (1D and 2D ¹H, ¹³C NMR and HRMALDI and EI mass spectrometry). The new compound was found to possess moderate antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus. However, it showed no cytotoxic activity against KB cells. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

The genus Caesalpinia L. (Caesalpiniaceae): phytochemical and pharmacological characteristics

The genus Caesalpinia (Caesalpiniaceae) has more than 500 species, many of which have not yet been investigated for potential pharmacological activity. Several classes of chemical compounds, such as flavonoids, diterpenes, and steroids, have been isolated from various species of the genus Caesalpinia. It has been reported in the literature that these species exhibit a wide range of pharmacological properties, including antiulcer, anticancer, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antirheumatic activities that have proven to be efficacious in ethnomedicinal practices. In this review we present chemical and pharmacological data from recent phytochemical studies on various plants of the genus Caesalpinia.