| 国家类型学说在近代东亚的传播与重构 |
| |
| 引用本文： | 邓华莹.国家类型学说在近代东亚的传播与重构[J].学术月刊,2021, 53(8): 206-216. |
| |
| 作者姓名： | 邓华莹 |
| |
| 摘 要： | 国家类型学说源于欧美，是关于如何系统地区分和比较不同国家形式的学问，19世纪中叶以降伴随着西学东渐的潮流输入东亚文明圈。相较于中国的进程缓慢和规模有限，明治日本迅速形成了一套内涵丰富的以辨析国体政体关系为主旨的国家类型知识体系。国体政体是否有别、如何区分的争论，虽直接导源于西方的国家形式、政府形式异同问题，但根本症结在于日本以天皇总揽统治权之“体”行立宪政治之“用”后面临君权与民权的纠缠。清季朝野各方从日本引进各类国体政体理论探索改制问题，同样因君权、民权取向的互歧而衍生出彼此互异的国体政体观念。辛亥革命后，因缘君权时代的结束和民主共和的兴起，日本的国体政体学说在中国日趋失去活力，而民初议会政治的破产和主权所有者“民”背后阶级问题的出现，预示着新兴革命力量必须提出真正符合中国新的政治形势和需求的国家类型理论。
|
| 关 键 词： | 国家类型学说 国体 政体 东亚 |
The Spread and Reconstruction of State Type Theories in Modern East Asia |
| |
| Huaying DENG.The Spread and Reconstruction of State Type Theories in Modern East Asia[J].Academic Monthly,2021,53(8):206-216. |
| |
| Authors: | Huaying DENG |
| |
| Abstract: | The theory of dividing and comparing state types originated from Europe and America, and was introduced into the East Asia in the middle 19th century. Compared with the slow progress and limited scale of acceptance in China, Meiji Japan quickly formed systematic knowledge of state types, which was mainly about discussing the relationship between forms of state and forms of government. Although the debate on whether and how to distinguish forms of state and forms of government was directly derived from western countries, the fundamental crux lied in the fact that Japan faced the entanglement of monarchy and constitutional politics. After introducing theories of dividing state types from Japan in late Qing Dynasty, China’s political force also developed different ideas on the relationship between forms of state and forms of government due to the different opinions of monarchy and democratic rights. After the 1911 revolution, because of the end of monarchy and the rise of republic, Japanese theories of dividing state types lost their vitality. With the bankruptcy of parliamentary politics and the emergence of class problem, the new revolutionary forces needed to develop new types of state theory which was suitable for the real demand of China’s political situation. |
| |
| Keywords: | theory of state types form of state form of government East Asia |
|
| 点击此处可从《高分子学报》浏览原始摘要信息 |
|
点击此处可从《高分子学报》下载全文 |
|
