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中国出境旅游的外交效应
引用本文:罗钦方,陈瑛,颜洁花.中国出境旅游的外交效应[J].浙江大学学报(理学版),2021,47(6):771-780.
作者姓名:罗钦方  陈瑛  颜洁花
作者单位:1.晋中学院 旅游管理系,山西 晋中 0306002
2.陕西师范大学 地理科学与旅游学院,陕西 西安 710119
基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目(41671118).
摘    要:2000年以来,中国出境旅游高增长、高消费,影响力不断增大,成为国家外交战略的重要内容,外交效应逐渐显现。通过辨析中国出境旅游外交效应的概念、表现形式和结果,基于10个中国主要出境目的国的旅游互动数据,采用DIF-GMM计量经济模型,实证检验了中国出境旅游外交效应。结果表明,中国通过有序推进ADS协议、加强经济援助、举办“旅游年”活动、实施旅游“制裁”,并积极参与国际制度建设等旅游外交行为,促进了与世界各国的友好交往,维护了自身核心利益,提升了外交软实力和国际影响力。国际旅游反作用于国际关系,对国际关系具有显著的正向促进作用,不仅是国际关系的结果,而且是其重要动因之一。中国出境旅游与政治、经济、社会、文化等联动,多方面提升了中国的国际影响力。

关 键 词:出境旅游  外交效应  影响力  中国  
收稿时间:2019-09-04

Location choice of the United States OFDI based on cultural distance perspective
LUO Qinfang,CHEN Ying,YAN Jiehua.Location choice of the United States OFDI based on cultural distance perspective[J].Journal of Zhejiang University(Sciences Edition),2021,47(6):771-780.
Authors:LUO Qinfang  CHEN Ying  YAN Jiehua
Institution:1.Department of Tourism Management,Jinzhong University, Jinzhong 030619, Shanxi Province, China
2.School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
Abstract:Based on Hofstede's cultural dimension theory and the data from World Values Survey(WVS),three cultural distances (CD),i.e.KSI,EDI and WVS were measured.Combined with the United States outward direct investment and control index data of 52 host countries (regions),the panel correction standard error (PCSE) model was applied.The analysis shows that the correlation between the CD and the US OFDI is not simply positive or negative,and there may exist a threshold effect.Therefore,the internal mechanism is further investigated by adopting the Hansen threshold regression model.The results show that the CD has passed the single threshold test and has a threshold effect on the US OFDI;When the CD is less than the threshold,the CD acts as a positive factor to promote the US OFDI.Once it exceeds the threshold,the US OFDI will be significantly reduced,revealing that the CD and the US OFDI exhibit an inverted U-shaped relationship,and the relationship between the "outsider income" and "outsider disadvantage" is explained by the interaction. When CD is large,the hindrance effect on the US OFDI is far greater than the promotion effect when the CD is small,which indicates the sensitivity of the US OFDI to CD.
Keywords:cultural distance(CD)  outward foreign direct investment(OFDI)  location choice  threshold regression model  the United States  
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