Specific ion effects on the surface tension and surface potential of aqueous electrolytes |
| |
| Institution: | 1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, PO Box 1906, Bellville 7535, South Africa;2. Department of Aerospace and System Engineering, Research Center for Aircraft Parts Technology, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea;1. Institute of Physics and Technology, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk 634050, Russia;2. Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, D-38106 Braunschweig, Germany;1. Technical Inspection Engineering Department, Petroleum University of Technology, Abadan, Iran;2. Department of Materials Engineering, Malek Ashtar University of Technology, Shahin Shahr, Isfahan, Iran;3. Health, Safety and Environment (HSE) Engineering Office, NIOPDC, Yazd Region, Yazd 89167-84395, Iran;4. Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Tehran, Iran;1. Alberta Innovates – Technology Futures, 250 Karl Clark Road, Edmonton, Alberta T6E 6&4, Canada;2. Computer Modelling Group Ltd., Calgary, Alberta T2L 2A6, Canada;3. Alberta Innovates – Technology Futures, Edmonton, Alberta T6N 1E4, Canada |
| |
| Abstract: | The phenomena of electrolytes affecting the surface tension of aqueous solutions and producing measurable surface potentials are reviewed in the light of recent studies of them. The factual information presented includes the molar ionic surface tension increments ki = lim(ci → 0)(dσ / dci) of many ions and the surface potential increments ? χ = χE ? χW of electrolytes involving the cations H+, Na+, K+, and NH4+ and various anions. Gaps in the data that invite filling and inconsistencies in reported data are pointed out. Correlations of ki with several properties of the ions that should be relevant to their specific effects: their sizes, quantities representing their polarizabilities, their effects on the structure of the water and the binding of water molecules by them, are presented. Correlations of the surface potential increment ? χ with the electrolyte surface tension increments and with the differences between the cation and anion increments are shown. Models recently proposed for the rationalization of the observed phenomena and relevant theoretical developments are shown and discussed. The paradox of hydrogen ions not promoting significant charge separation at the interface but yielding large surface potentials is emphasized. |
| |
| Keywords: | |
| 本文献已被 ScienceDirect 等数据库收录！ |
|
