Thermal decomposition study on Jatropha curcas L. waste using TGA and fixed bed reactor |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand;2. National Metal and Materials Technology Center, 114 Thailand Science Park, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand;1. Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, 2300 Hayward Street, 3074 H.H. Dow Building, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States;2. Department of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, 160 Fenske Lab, University Park, PA 16802, United States;1. College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China;2. Key Laboratory for Rural Ecosystem Health in Dongting Lake Area of Hunan Province, Changsha 410128, China;3. Rural Energy and Environment Agency, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100125, China;4. Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China;1. School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, Private Bag X6001 Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa;2. School of Chemical and Minerals Engineering, Private Bag X6001, North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa;3. Aston University, EBRI, Bioenergy Research Group, Birmingham B4 7ET, United Kingdom;1. State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology & MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environment Evolution, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China;2. School of Water Resources & Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China;1. Amity Institute of Nanotechnology, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India;2. Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India;3. Functional Nanomaterials, Institute for Materials Science, Kiel University, Kaiserstr. 2, D-24143 Kiel, Germany;4. Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, India |
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| Abstract: | Pyrolysis experiments on Jatropha curcas L. (physic nut) waste were carried out using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and a fixed bed quartz reactor to determine suitable degradation model as well as investigate the effect of operating conditions on product distribution. It was found that the main thermal decomposition of physic nut waste generally occurred over the temperature range of 250–450 °C. The three-parallel reactions model was applied for simulating the degradation of this waste. The model agreed relatively well with the experimental data. From the model, the activation energy of hemicelluloses, cellulose and lignin was in the range of 41–68, 187–235, and 97–150 kJ/mol, respectively. Reaction orders of those fractions were in the range of 2.4–3.2. Results from pyrolysis process using fixed bed reactor indicated that increase in temperature and hold time lead to greater production of hydrogen, methane and light hydrocarbons with highest gas production detected at 900 °C. Tar decomposed at higher temperatures resulted in lower liquid yield while gas yield and total conversion increased. Liquid product consists of several fatty acids such as palmitic acid, stearic acid, and oleic acid in the range of 10–23%, 5–12%, and 35–42%, respectively. The amount of char residue decreased with increasing reactor temperature and hold time. Fixed carbon in char increased with temperature with the expense of volatile matter while there was little change on ash content. Generally, pyrolysis of this residue may be applied for the production of value-added products as well as fuels after some upgrading processes. |
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