Pretreatment of poplar wood for fast pyrolysis: rate of cation removal |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ont., Canada N2L 3G1;2. Resource Transforms International Ltd., Waterloo, Ont., Canada N2V 1Z7;1. Institute of Clean Coal Technology, East China University of Science and Technology, 200237 Shanghai, PR China;2. State Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, 750021 Yinchuan, Ningxia, PR China;1. Biological Systems Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA;2. Thermochemical Conversion Group (GPT), Aragon Institute of Engineering Research (13A), University of Zaragoza, Maria de Luna, 3, Torres-Quevedo Bld., 50018 Zaragoza, Spain;1. School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yulin University, Yulin, 719000, Shaanxi, PR China;2. Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Low Metamorphic Coal Clean Utilization, Yulin University, Yulin, 719000, Shaanxi, PR China;3. University College of Pharmacy Raipur, Pt. Deendayal Upadhyay Memorial Health, Sciences and Aayush University of Chhattisgarh Raipur, 492010, Chhattisgarh, India;4. Department of Chemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430073, PR China;1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India;2. Amity Institute of Applied Sciences (AIAS), Amity University, Noida, Amity Rd, Sector 125, Uttar Pradesh, 201301, India |
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| Abstract: | It is well known that the presence of alkaline cations in biomass affect the mechanism of thermal decomposition during fast pyrolysis causing primarily fragmentation of the monomers making up the natural polymer chains rather than the predominant depolymerization that occurs in their absence. As a result, liquid products (bio-oil) of quite different compositions can be obtained, and these bio-oils may be used for quite different purposes. A considerable amount of research has been carried out on the changes in mechanism occurring due to the presence and absence of these cations during fast pyrolysis and the compositional changes occurring in the bio-oil product as a result. However, if removal of such cations is to be practised as an industrial process, it would be desirable to have some information on the rates of the exchange step and the degree of removal of a particular cation that can be economically achieved. The present work describes a preliminary study of the rates of removal of the indigenous alkaline cations in a poplar wood (potassium and calcium mainly) by an ion exchange process using a dilute acid. The exchange process is rapid and potassium is more easily removed than calcium. It is also shown that hot water washing alone is able to remove a major amount of the alkaline cations from wood. The deionized wood can be used as the feed for a fast pyrolysis process for the thermal conversion of cellulose and hemicellulose to anhydrosugars for use in synthesis, or for conversion to fermentable sugars in good yield. |
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