Thiazole orange-peptide conjugates: sensitivity of DNA binding to chemical structure

structure: see text] Derivatives of the highly fluorescent and DNA-binding dye thiazole orange (TO) are described that feature appended peptides. Functionalization of TO can be achieved at either of the endocyclic nitrogens, and the photophysical properties and DNA-binding modes are sensitive to the position of the tethered peptide. A series of TO-peptide conjugates are described, demonstrating the utility of a solid-phase synthesis approach to their preparation and illustrating how the photophysical and DNA-binding properties of the compounds are influenced by chemical structure.