反应性挤出加工制备无卤阻燃高分子材料

聚合物反应性加工集聚合物加工与化学反应为一体,以聚合物加工装置为反应器,通过聚合物加工过程中的化学反应形成新物质和新结构,实现高分子材料的高性能化和功能化,是高分子材料科学的研究前沿之一.本文简要介绍了我们研究小组近年来采用反应性挤出加工制备高性能无卤阻燃高分子材料方面的研究进展.利用反应性挤出加工剪切力强、温度可控以及易于传质传热的特点实现了常规方法难以合成的高黏阻燃剂三聚氰胺磷酸盐季戊四醇酯（MPP）和三聚氰胺氰尿酸（MCA）的高效合成,制备了综合性能优良的聚丙烯/MPP、尼龙6/MCA等无卤阻燃高分子材料.研究所涉及的化学和物理方法,为聚合物无卤阻燃提供了高效、经济、环保和易于工业化的新技术,并拓宽了聚合物反应性加工的应用领域.

Preparation of halogen free flame retardant polymer materials by reactive extrusion

The reactive processing of polymers which combines the polymer processing and chemical reaction together, using polymer processing equipment to conduct the chemical reaction during the processing, so as to form new structure and new materials, and enhance polymer performances. This paper reviewed our research works on preparation of halogen-free flame retardant polymers materials by reactive extrusion in recent years. Taking advantages of the strong shear force, controllable temperature, and high efficiency in heat and mass transfer during twin-extruder extrusion, two halogen free flame retardants with high viscosity during synthesis, melamine salt of pentaerythritol phosphate （MPP） and melamine cyanurate （MCA）, as well as the flame retardant polypropylene/MPP and polyamide 6/MCA with good comprehensive properties were successfully prepared. The involved chemical and physical processes were investigated. These results showed that reactive extrusion is an efficient, economic, environment-friendly and easily commercialized novel technology to prepare halogen free flame retardant polymer materials.