由沸石纳米粒子自组装制备具有高催化活性中心和水热稳定的新型介孔分子筛材料

 人们合成了一系列介孔分子筛材料，并发现它们在催化、吸附与分离以及化学组装制备先进材料和分子器件等方面具有很大的潜在应用价值．但是，介孔分子筛材料相对于微孔沸石分子筛存在着两个致命弱点：较低的水热稳定性和较不活泼的催化活性中心．这两个弱点大大地影响了介孔分子筛在催化反应中的广泛应用．本文系统地综述了最近几年利用沸石纳米粒子自组装制备具有高催化活性中心和水热稳定的介孔分子筛材料的研究进展．这包括利用硅铝沸石纳米粒子自组装制备具有强酸性和水热稳定的新型介孔硅铝分子筛材料，利用钛硅沸石纳米粒子自组装制备具有高催化氧化活性中心和水热稳定的新型钛硅介孔分子筛材料，以及利用含有不同杂原子的沸石纳米粒子自组装制备一系列水热稳定的新型介孔分子筛催化材料．

Catalytically Active and Hydrothermally Stable Mesoporous Materials Assembled from Preformed Nanosized Zeolite Precursors

Mesoporous molecular sieves such as hexagonally ordered MCM-41 have found potential applications in catalysis, adsorption and separation, preparation of advanced materials, and molecular devices since they were firstly discovered in 1992. However, compared with those of zeolites, the catalytic activity and hydrothermal stability of these mesostructured materials are relatively low, which strongly influence their practical applications in industrial catalytic reactions of petroleum. Here it is systemically summarized the syntheses of a series of catalytically active and hydrothermally stable mesoporous materials, which include (1) ordered mesoporous aluminosilicates assembled from preformed nanosized aluminosilicate zeolites in basic media; (2) ordered mesoporous aluminosilicates assembled from preformed nanosized aluminosilicate zeolites in strongly acidic media; (3) ordered mesoporous titanosilicates assembled from preformed nanosized TS-1 precursors; and (4) ordered mesoporous materials containing heteroatoms assembled from preformed nanosized zeolite precursors containing heteroatoms such as Fe, V, Cr, and Ga.