柴油机尾气净化催化剂的最新研究进展

柴油机尾气排放的污染物已经引起了严重的环境污染问题,催化净化技术是柴油机尾气污染治理必不可少和最有效的处理技术之一,而高效催化剂的研制和开发是催化净化技术的核心.本文以柴油机尾气中最难处理的两种污染物NOx和碳烟颗粒(PM)的催化处理技术为主线,综述了NOx的催化还原(选择性催化还原(SCR)和贮存还原(NSR))催化剂、碳烟的催化燃烧催化剂、NOx和碳烟颗粒同时消除的催化剂及柴油机尾气四效催化剂的最新研究进展,并总结性地提出了目前该研究方向存在的主要问题和发展方向.

Latest Research Progresses in Catalysts for the Purification of Exhaust Gases from Diesel Engines

The pollutants in the exhaust gases of diesel engines lead to serious environmental pollution problems.The catalytic purification technology is one of the indispensable and most efficient technologies for the treatment of the exhaust gases from diesel engines.The study and development of efficient catalysts are the key in the catalytic purification technology.Taking the catalytic purification technology of NOx and diesel soot,which are the two most difficultly treated pollutants,as a main thread,we summarized the latest progresses in catalyst studies on catalytic reduction of NOx including selective catalytic reduction(SCR) and NOx storage-reduction(NSR),catalytic combustion of diesel soot,simultaneous removal of NOx and diesel soot,and four-way catalysts for the treatment of diesel engine exhaust gases.Moreover,the major problems and research directions in this area were proposed and discussed.