光热协同催化去除挥发性有机化合物和CO的研究进展

随着社会和经济的快速发展,环境污染和能源短缺等问题,尤其是空气污染,已经影响了人类的可持续发展.挥发性有机化合物(VOCs),如苯、甲苯、甲醛和丙酮是主要的空气污染物,它们主要来源于油漆、有机化学品、石油化工产品、药物和工业生产过程.大多VOCs具有特殊的气味,而且具有一定的毒性、致畸性和致癌作用,尤其是苯、甲苯和甲醛等,会对人类的身体健康产生巨大的负面作用.因此,研发新型高效VOCs处理技术迫在眉睫.除VOCs外,CO也是非常常见的空气污染物,在室温条件下,它无色无味,没有刺激性且易燃易爆.CO主要来源于煤和石油等含碳材料的不完全燃烧.在日常生活中很容易被排放到大气中.在室温下,CO分子是非常稳定的,很难与其它气体分子发生化学反应.因此,CO的活化和转化是一项具有挑战性的工作.催化氧化技术是在催化剂存在的条件下进行的氧化反应,可以将VOCs直接氧化成为无毒无害的CO₂和H₂O,也可将CO氧化成CO₂.光催化技术是一种新型的环境友好型技术,可在常温常压下进行,反应条件温和、能耗小、操作简单,成本低,氧化产物为无毒无害物质,以及不存在二次污染等优点.但光催化反应效率较低,主要通过入射光的能量驱动化学反应.热催化则通过升温的方法来驱动化学反应.目前,热催化剂主要为贵金属型催化剂,其具有催化活性较高,选择性较好且不存在二次污染等优点.但高能耗影响产物的稳定性和选择性,此外,贵金属的使用导致成本增加.光热协同催化可以整合光催化和热催化的优势,并弥补各自的不足,形成一种协同效应,是一种新颖的催化反应.目前,关于光催化或热催化高效去除VOCs和CO的综述较多,但很少有关于光热协同催化高效去除VOCs和CO的综述.本综述重点讨论光热协同催化高效去除VOCs和CO的最新研究进展.首先,介绍了光热协同催化的概况,如设计光热催化材料和催化反应器等.其次,重点介绍苯、甲苯、乙醇、甲醛、乙醛和丙酮等几种典型VOCs的光热协同催化的最新研究进展.再次,总结了光热协同催化CO加氢和氧化的最新研究进展.此外,还探讨了光热协同催化去除VOCs和CO的可能反应机理.最后,对光热协同催化的应用前景进行了展望.

Recent advances in VOCs and CO removal via photothermalsynergistic catalysis

Currently, air pollution is being exacerbated by rapid social, economic, and industrial development. Major air pollutants include volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and CO. Photocatalytic and ther-mocatalytic technology can be used to convert VOCs and CO into harmless gases effectively. Recent-ly, photothermal synergistic catalysis has aroused much attention because of its higher performance than those of individual photocatalytic and thermocatalytic processes. There have been many re-views on separate photocatalysts and thermocatalysts for the treatment of VOCs and CO, but few reviews have focused on photothermal synergistic catalysis. In this minireview, we concentrate on recent progress into photothermal synergistic catalysis for the efficient removal of VOCs and CO. The treatment of typical VOCs (such as benzene, toluene, ethanol, formaldehyde, acetone, propyl-ene, and propane) and CO are summarized and analyzed. Furthermore, we discuss the use of con-ventional reactor technology, such as fixed-bed quartz reactors, for VOCs and CO removal. We also discuss the mechanism of the photothermal synergistic catalytic removal of VOCs and CO. Finally, we present perspectives for the photothermal synergistic catalytic removal of VOCs and CO.