经由MOFs煅烧制得多孔Fe2O3表面修饰十二烷基磺酸钠:一种高活性且易回收的燃油脱氮光催化剂（英文）

化石燃料燃烧的排放物是目前最严重的环境污染源,其中含氮有机物燃烧产生的NOx等是污染大气和形成雾霾的主要污染物.伴随石油存量的不断减少、重质石油的更多利用以及机动车的大规模增加,由此引起的污染问题日趋严重,因此发展高效的燃油脱氮技术对保护环境意义重大.光催化氧化是近几十年发展起来的新型高级氧化还原技术,由于其可以利用太阳光且在室温下进行,成本低易于进行,是一类理想的燃油脱氮技术.在众多光催化材料中,α-Fe2O3无毒、廉价且具有合适的带隙(2.3 eV),是目前公认较好的光催化材料.然而,在光催化过程中α-Fe2O3较快的电子-空穴复合速度以及过低的比表面积极大降低了其效率.通常,选择性地设计高比表面的多孔半导体金属氧化物被认为是一种简单且实效的提高光催化反应效率的方法.近年来,以金属有机框架结构(MOFs)为硬模板制备多孔金属氧化物的方法逐渐获得了科学家们的关注,这主要得益于热稳定性差的MOFs本身可以通过调控金属离子以及配体种类从而实现原位均匀的调节和修饰半导体金属氧化物,而且可以作为获得多孔性材料的基底.本文通过水热法合成了一种典型的MOFs即MIL-100(Fe).利用MIL-100(Fe)材料自身多孔性及热不稳定性,采用自模板法煅烧制备成多孔Fe2O3.制得的多孔Fe2O3亲油性较差,进行模拟燃油脱氮光催化反应时相互之间容易聚集成团,无法均匀分散于燃油体系中,导致光催化脱氮效率较低.因此,若能对所得多孔Fe2O3进行表面修饰使其亲油性增强并可均匀分散于于燃油体系中,无疑将促进底物的吸附,从而提高光催化燃油脱氮效果.Fe2O3表面带有正电荷,因此我们巧妙地选用一种阴离子表面活性剂十二烷基磺酸钠(SDS)作为修饰剂,采用简单的静电自组装方法制备了SDS/Fe2O3光催化剂.选用吡啶脱氮作为探针反应,考察了SDS/Fe2O3复合光催化剂的可见光光催化性能.结果表明,与未使用修饰剂的Fe2O3相比,SDS/Fe2O3中长链烷基的存在使其表面亲油性增强,能够在模拟燃油溶液中更加均匀地分散进而提高了脱氮效率.其中煅烧温度为450 C且修饰0.25%SDS的样品活性最佳,可见光(λ≥420 nm)照射240 min后吡啶的脱氮率接近100%.

Sodium dodecyl sulfate-decorated MOF-derived porous Fe2O3 nanoparticles: High performance,recyclable photocatalysts for fuel denitrification

Magnetically recyclable porous sodium dodecyl sulfate(SDS)/Fe2O3 hybrids,which combine the porous structure of Fe2O3 and hydrophobicity of SDS,have been successfully synthesized for the first time.Porous Fe2O3 has been first pyrolyzed from MIL-100(Fe)using a simple two-step calcination route.Then,the obtained porous Fe2O3 nanoparticles have been self-assembled with SDS molecules and yielded hydrophobic SDS/Fe2O3 hybrids.The porous SDS/Fe2O3 hybrids have been demonstrated to be highly efficient for the denitrification of pyridine under visible light irradiation.The pyridine removal ratio has reached values as high as 100%after irradiation for 240 min.Combining the results of a series of experimental measurements,it was concluded that the superior photocatalytic performance of SDS/Fe2O3 hybrids could be attributed to(i)the fast electron transport owing to the unique porous structure of Fe2O3,(ii)the superior visible light absorption of Fe2O3 nanoparticles,and(iii)the“bridge molecule”role of SDS efficiently improving the separation and transfer across the interfacial domain of SDS/Fe2O3 of photogenerated electron-hole pairs.More significantly,after the catalytic reaction,the SDS/Fe2O3 hybrids could be easily recovered using magnets and reused during subsequent cycles,which indicated their stability and recyclability.