超临界流体状态下的异构烷烃与烯烃烷基化反应

成功地应用固体酸催化剂在超临界反应条件下进行了异构烷烃与丁烯的烷基化反应。在超临界反应条件下，固体酸催化剂在１４００ｈ的反应以后，仍保持１００％的烯烃转化率。探索出一个解决固体酸催化剂在烷基化反应中极易失活的有效方法。探讨了超临界流体抑制固体酸催化剂结炭失活的机制和烷基化反应中选择超临界反应条件的规律。

ALKYLATION OF ISOPARAFFIN WITH OLEFIN UNDER SUPERCRITICAL FLUID STATE

The solid PW heteropoly acid catalysts supported on SiO2 are employed successfully in the alkylation of isobutane with butene under the state of supercritical fluid. Under supercritical reaction conditions, the solid acid catalysts can maintain 100% conversion of C=4 olefin during the 1400 h aging test of catalysts in the alkylation of isobutane with butene. The quick deactivation of solid acid catalysts due to coking in the alkylation can be effectively restrained and controlled under supercritical reaction conditions. In this paper, the rules of selecting supercritical reaction conditions in the alkylation are expounded and the mechanism for the supercritical fluid of isoparaffin to restrain the deactivation of solid acid catalysts due to coking in the alkylation is discussed in detail.