Preparation of cellulose nanofibers with hydrophobic surface characteristics |
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Authors: | Mehdi Jonoobi Jalaluddin Harun Aji P Mathew Mohd Zobir B Hussein Kristiina Oksman |
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Institution: | 1.Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products,University Putra Malaysia,Kuala Lumpur,Malaysia;2.Division of Manufacturing and Design of Wood and Bionanocomposites,Lule? University of Technology,Lule?,Sweden;3.Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science,University Putra Malaysia,Kuala Lumpur,Malaysia |
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Abstract: | The aim of this study was to develop cellulose nanofibers with hydrophobic surface characteristics using chemical modification.
Kenaf fibers were modified using acetic anhydride and cellulose nanofibers were isolated from the acetylated kenaf using mechanical
isolation methods. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) indicated acetylation of the hydroxyl groups of cellulose.
The study of the dispersion demonstrated that acetylated cellulose nanofibers formed stable, well-dispersed suspensions in
both acetone and ethanol. The contact angle measurements showed that the surface characteristics of nanofibers were changed
from hydrophilic to more hydrophobic when acetylated. The microscopy study showed that the acetylation caused a swelling of
the kenaf fiber cell wall and that the diameters of isolated nanofibers were between 5 and 50 nm. X-ray analysis showed that
the acetylation process reduced the crystallinity of the fibers, whereas mechanical isolation increased it. The method used
provides a novel processing route for producing cellulose nanofibers with hydrophobic surfaces. |
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