单细胞视角下铅的体内代谢与检测

在全球工业需求和储能需求持续增加的背景下，铅污染仍然是当前主要的环境问题之一。持续的铅暴露导致了复杂的体内毒理效应，其临床治疗效果受限于铅检测技术的缺乏与铅动力学研究的不足。单细胞水平上铅的检测技术，可以揭示动力学相关的细胞机制，从微观角度考量细胞异质性对人体内铅运输和铅分布的影响。分析了铅污染现状并归纳了铅暴露源特征，总结了单细胞水平上铅代谢与检测方面的研究进展。细胞机制与细胞异质性对完善铅的动力学模型和理解有关机制的作用不容忽视。单细胞检测技术作为有效的研究工具，包括流式细胞技术、质谱流式细胞技术以及基于电感耦合等离子体质谱的单细胞电感耦合等离子体质谱技术、电感耦合等离子体飞行时间质谱技术和激光烧蚀-电感耦合等离子体质谱技术等，需要更加标准化与体系化的检测方案。基于生物数学模型与单细胞检测技术的发展，单细胞视角下铅的动力学研究有望进一步细化与完善。

Lead metabolism in vivo and detection from a single-cell perspective

With the increasing demand for global industry and energy storage, lead pollution is still a major environmental problem. Continuous lead exposure leads to complex toxicological effects in vivo, and its clinical therapeutic effect is limited by the lack of lead detection techniques and lead kinetics studies. By considering the influence of cell heterogeneity on lead transport and distribution in the human body, the detection technology of lead at the single-cell level can reveal the cellular mechanism related to lead dynamics. In this paper, we summarize the existing lead exposure sources and the research progress of lead metabolism and detection, including the kinetic mechanism and the detection technology of lead at the single-cell level. In this way, this paper prospected the new routes of lead dynamics from the single-cell perspective and proposed possible research methods and directions in the future.