超稠油供氢水热裂解改质降黏研究

通过超稠油水热裂解反应前后黏度、沥青质、硫质量分数等性质的变化，研究了超稠油进行水热裂解的主要影响因素及规律。结果表明，超稠油中含有一定量的硫是地层注蒸汽温度下进行水热裂解反应的前提。温度和时间对反应有很大影响。供氢剂中四氢萘对超稠油水热裂解影响最大。四氢萘供氢剂与硫酸镍催化剂复配使用对超稠油水热裂解有协同效应。水热裂解物理模拟实验表明,胜利单家寺油田超稠油通过供氢催化水热裂解降黏率可达70%以上。胶质、沥青质、硫质量分数降低，H/C原子比提高，超稠油得到一定程度的改善。

Upgrading and viscosity reduction of super heavy oil by aqua-thermolysis with hydrogen donor

One technique using hydrogen donor was introduced for super heavy oil upgrading and reducing viscosity under steam injection in well. The main factors and rules in aqua-thermolysis reaction were analyzed through comparison of viscosity, asphaltene and sulfur content before and after super heavy oil upgrading. The results indicate that a certain content of sulfur existed in super heavy oil is one of the necessary conditions in aquathermolysis reaction at temperature of steam injection. Temperature and time have an important effect on aquathermolysis reaction. Among hydrogen donors tested, tetralin has the biggest effect on super heavy oil aqua-thermolysis. The combination of tetralin and catalyst of nickel sulphate has a synergetic function to the reaction. The physical simulation experiment of aqua-thermolysis under a certain condition shows that viscosity reduction ratio can reach about more than 70% after hydrogen donor catalytic aqua-thermolysis for the super heavy oil of Shengli Shanjiasi oilfield. The content of asphaltene, colloid and sulfur decreases, and H/C increases after upgrading process.