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生物质组分及温度对闪速热解挥发分的影响
引用本文:李志合,易维明,高巧春,李永军.生物质组分及温度对闪速热解挥发分的影响[J].燃料化学学报,2005,33(4):502-505.
作者姓名:李志合  易维明  高巧春  李永军
作者单位:School of Light Industrial and Agricultural Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, China; College of Engineering, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110161, China
基金项目:国家自然科学基金(50376031);国家高技术研究发展计划(2001AA514030,2003AA514030).
摘    要:生物质是一种可再生、污染小的自然资源,它可以直接燃烧产生热能,也可以转化为气体、液体燃料或化工原料。生物质热转化技术近年来受到国内外学者的广泛重视。而热转化过程中,热解是第一步,与生物质组分、热解温度、滞留时间等因素有关。热重仪(TGA)是一种研究热解机理常用的方法,它适用于慢速程序升温的热解研究。研究发现,热解条件及生物质种类对反应表观活化能与表观频率因子等动力学参数有很大影响。层流炉闪速加热设备,已经用于煤的热解研究。本文利用自己设计的以热等离子体为热源的层流炉系统,对椰子壳、棉花秆和稻壳粉末进行了闪速热解实验研究及模型理论分析,探讨了生物质化学组分、热解温度和滞留时间对挥发分的影响,为生物质闪速热解提供了一定的基础数据。

关 键 词:生物质组分  温度  闪速热解  滞留时间  
文章编号:0253-2409(2005)04-0502-04
收稿时间:2004-12-07
修稿时间:2005-06-08

Effects of chemical components and temperature on the volatility of biomass in flash pyrolysis
LI Zhi-he,YI Wei-ming,GAO Qiao-chun,LI Yong-jun.Effects of chemical components and temperature on the volatility of biomass in flash pyrolysis[J].Journal of Fuel Chemistry and Technology,2005,33(4):502-505.
Authors:LI Zhi-he  YI Wei-ming  GAO Qiao-chun  LI Yong-jun
Abstract:A laminar flow furnace reactor heated by a plasma jet was designed to study the influences of the biomass components, pyrolysis temperature and residence time on the volatility of biomass materials at flash heating rate and isothermal pyrolysis conditions. The plasma can provide with a high heating rate over 104 K·s-1 to meet the experimental requirement of this work. Flash pyrolysis experiments of coconut shell, cotton stalk and rice husk were conducted in the laminar flow furnace reactor at the temperatures of 750 K, 800 K, 850 K, 900 K, and with the gas passing distance of 0.2 m, 0.25 m, 0.3 m and 0.35 m, respectively. Using the ash as the tracer, the mass percentage of volatile products were obtained. The tests of three models by regression analysis on the experimental data employing statistics software were done to validate the models. The regression results show that the “S” model fits the data well. Compared with the theoretical analysis of the first-order kinetic Arrhenius model, it is found that the “S” model has the same expression as the first-order kinetic Arrhenius model . Thus the first-order kinetic Arrhenius model can be used to simulate the pyrolysis process and predict the percentage of volatile products during flash pyrolysis. The researches indicate that the biomass components, pyrolysis temperature and residence time have great influence on the mass volatile fraction of biomass flash pyrolysis. The mass volatile fraction grows with pyrolysis temperature and residence time. The mass volatile fraction as a function of pyrolysis temperature and residence time in the form of Arrhenius is determined. The volatile products are mainly produced by the pyrolysis of cellulose and hemicellulose, while the char is mainly formed by the pyrolysis of lignin. Therefore, the biomass material with high content of cellulose and hemicellulose would have high volatile yield.
Keywords:biomass component  temperature  flash pyrolysis  residence time
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