More QACs,more questions: Recent advances in structure activity relationships and hurdles in understanding resistance mechanisms |
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Authors: | Kelly R Morrison Ryan A Allen Kevin PC Minbiole William M Wuest |
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Institution: | 1. Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States;2. Department of Chemistry, Villanova University, 800 E. Lancaster Ave, Villanova, PA 19085, United States;3. Antibiotic Resistance Center, Emory University School of Medicine 201 Dowman Drive, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States |
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Abstract: | Quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) are a class of antimicrobials that have been around for over a century; nevertheless, they have found continued renewal in the structures to which they can be appended. Ranging from antimicrobial polymers to adding novel modes of action to existing antibiotics, QACs have found ongoing use due to their potent properties. However, resistance against QACs has begun to emerge, and the mechanism of resistance is still only partially understood. In this review, we aim to summarize the current state of the field and what is known about the mechanisms of resistance so that the QACs of the future can be designed to be evermore efficacious and utilized to unearth the remaining mysteries that surround bacteria’s resistance to them. |
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Keywords: | Corresponding authors at: Department of Chemistry Emory University 1515 Dickey Drive Atlanta GA 30322 United States (W M Wuest) Quaternary ammonium compounds Disinfectants Antibiotic resistance MultiQACs Efflux Pumps |
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