Immobilization of copper in organic-inorganic hybrid materials: a highly efficient and reusable catalyst for the Ullmann diaryl etherification |
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Authors: | Tao Miao |
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Institution: | a Department of Chemistry, Huaibei Coal Teachers College, Huaibei, Anhui 235000, PR China b State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, PR China |
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Abstract: | The immobilization of copper in organic-inorganic hybrid materials catalyzing the Ullmann reaction has been described. Phenols reacted with aryl iodides, aryl bromides and aryl chlorides smoothly in the presence of a 3-(2-aminoethylamino)propyl functionalized silica gel immobilized copper catalyst. The protocol involved the use of DMSO as the solvent, and potassium fluoride as the base. The reactions generated the corresponding cross-coupling products in good to excellent yields. Furthermore, the silica-supported copper could be recovered and recycled by a simple filtration of the reaction solution and used for 10 consecutive trials without loss of its reactivity. |
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Keywords: | Ullmann reaction Diaryl etherification Immobilization of copper Organic-inorganic hybrid materials |
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