The Effect of Styrene-Butadiene-Styrene Modification on the Characteristics and Performance of Bitumen |
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Authors: | Klaus Stangl Andreas Jäger Roman Lackner |
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Institution: | (1) Christian Doppler Laboratory for “Performance-based Optimization of Flexible Pavements”, Institute for Road Construction and Maintenance, Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, Austria;(2) Christian Doppler Laboratory for “Performance-based Optimization of Flexible Pavements”, Institute for Mechanics of Materials and Structures, Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, Austria;(3) FG Computational Mechanics, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany |
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Abstract: | Summary. In order to cover the effect of styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) modification on the characteristics of bitumen, two types of bitumen, one plain bitumen, and one polymer modified bitumen
produced with the plain bitumen as base material were characterized in terms of chemical composition, microstructure, micromechanical
properties, and thermoanalytical behavior. In order to determine the complex chemical composition of bitumen, elemental analysis,
gel permeation chromatography, and the Iatroscan method were employed. Microstructure and micromechanical properties were
determined using an environmental scanning electron microscope and the nanoindentation technique. Modulated differential scanning
calorimetry was used to determine phase-change temperatures and endo/exotherms associated with molecular movement. The addition
of SBS leads to different rheological behavior over the whole service temperature range. This is reflected in bitumen chemistry
by differences in elemental composition and molecular weight distribution with much higher M
w
values for the modified bitumen. Accordingly, the polymer leads to a shift in molecular fractions. Electron microscopy reveals
two distinct phases building up the bitumen microstructure. The chosen mode of quantification leads to similar material parameters
for both bitumens, which is explained by the use of the same base material. In contrast, nanoindentation delivers viscosities
in the micro-range corresponding to large-scale rheological properties. Modulated differential scanning calorimetry indicates
two glass transitions corresponding with two material phases also confirmed by other experiments. Due to modification, these
glass transitions depart from each other and the amount of the two material phases changes, correlating with the shift in
molecular fractions observed in Iatroscan analyses. |
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Keywords: | , Polymer-modified, Microstructure, Physicochemical analyses, |
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