动脉粥样硬化光学成像探针研究进展

心血管疾病(Cardiovascular disease, CVD)是全球疾病致死的主要原因之一. 动脉粥样硬化(Atherosclerosis, AS)是引发各种CVD的首要危险因素, 其发生发展通常经历持续的慢性炎症过程. 因此, 及时高效地检测AS, 对于早期评估、 诊断和治疗CVD具有重要临床意义. 光学探针成像拥有极高的灵敏度和空间分辨率以及超快的信号采集处理速度, 被广泛应用于生物医学检测与成像. 本文综合评述了6种常见用于AS成像的光学探针, 涉及小分子荧光探针、 聚集诱导发光(Aggregate-induced emission, AIE)纳米探针、 量子点探针、 上转换纳米探针、 光声探针和多模态探针等; 并对各种探针的优缺点进行了分析比较. 在此基础上, 展望了光学探针在AS成像领域的发展前景, 并提出了相应建议.

Advances of Optical Probes in Atherosclerosis Imaging

Cardiovascular disease（CVD） is the leading cause of death worldwide. Atherosclerosis（AS） is the primary risk factor for all kinds of CVD， and its occurrence and development usually undergo a continuous chronic inflammatory process. Therefore， timely and efficient detection of AS has important clinical significance for early evaluation， diagnosis and treatment of CVD. Optical probes are widely used in biomedical detection and imaging because of their high sensitivity and spatial resolution as well as its ultra-fast signal acquisition and processing speed. This paper reviewed six common optical probes for AS imaging， involving small-molecule fluorescent probes， aggregate-induced emission（AIE） nanoprobes， quantum dot probes， upconversion nanoprobes， photoacoustic probes， and multi-modal probes. The advantages and disadvantages of various probes were also comparably analyzed. Based on this， we prospected the development prospects of optical probes in the field of AS imaging and put forward four suggestions.