白炭黑增强型硅橡胶的组成及抗原子氧性能分析

为明确空间级硅橡胶的化学组成及填料添加对材料物理性能的影响, 采用填料复合方式制备硅橡胶高聚物材料, 并通过化学成分测试、 原子氧暴露试验及力学性能测试等研究其结构组成与物理性能. 经微观粒径测试得出硅橡胶中白炭黑填料粒径主要分布在8~16 μm; 经傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、 核磁共振波谱( ¹H NMR和 ²⁹Si NMR)和溶胶凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)测试得出硅橡胶中含有Si—Me, Si—Ph, Si—O—Si等基团和甲基、 苯基等官能团, 其分子量分散系数为1.56, 并进一步推断出硅橡胶的分子结构及基胶与交联剂的反应类型为脱羟胺型; 经原子氧暴露试验及力学试验证实, 与未改性白炭黑填充的硅橡胶高聚物材料相比, 经硅烷改性白炭黑填充的硅橡胶高聚物材料表现出更好的抗原子氧性能, 动态力学测试后储能模量高54%, 并具有更好的应力应变响应性能. 研究结果表明, 采用表面改性处理方式可增强填料与硅橡胶基质的相互作用, 从而提高填料复合型硅橡胶高聚物材料的抗原子氧性能及综合力学性能.

Analysis of Composition and Antigenic Atomic Oxygen Performance of Silica-reinforced Silicone Rubber

In order to clarify the chemical composition and the effect of filler addition on the physical properties of the space silicone rubber,the filler compound method was used to prepare the silicone rubber polymer material.The chemical composition test,atomic oxygen exposure test,and mechanical property test were used to study its structural composition and physical properties.The particle size of the silica filler was mainly distributed between 8 and 16μm by the micro-particle size test.After Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometry(FTIR),nuclear magnetic resonance(1 H NMR and 29 Si NMR)and gel permeation chromatography(GPC)tests,it was found that the silicone rubber contained various groups,such as Si-Me,Si-Ph and Si-O-Si and its molecular weight dispersion coefficient was 1.56.It was further deduced that the reaction type of the base rubber and the cross-linking agent was dehydroxyamine type.Atomic oxygen exposure tests and mechanical tests confirmed that silane-modified silicone rubber polymer material exhibited better antigenic oxygen performance,54%higher storage modulus after dynamic mechanical tests,and better mechanical response performance.The results show that the surface modification treatment can enhance the interaction between the filler and the silicone rubber,and improve the antigenic oxygen performance and comprehensive mechanical properties of the filler composite silicone rubber polymer material.