介孔分子筛的酸性和水热稳定性

介孔分子筛材料在催化、吸附与分离以及化学组装制备先进材料和分子器件等方面具有潜在的应用价值。但是，由于介孔分子筛材料较低的水热稳定和较弱的酸性，极大地影响了其在催化研究中的广泛应用。本文系统地综述了最近几年在提高介孔分子筛酸性和水热稳定性的研究工作，其中包括：（1）将超酸组份负载于介孔分子筛的孔道中以达到提高介孔分子筛材料的酸强度的目的；（2）通过在合成介孔分子筛的过程中加入无机盐和有机胺等助剂或采用合适的后处理方法以提高介孔分子筛的水热稳定性；（3）通过新型模板剂来合成具有较高水热稳定性的介孔分子筛材料；（4）利用具有沸石分子筛基本结构单元的沸石分子筛导向剂与表面活性剂自组装来合成具有强酸中心和高温水热稳定的介孔分子筛材料。

Acidity and Hydrothermal Stability of Mesoporous Materials

Mesoporous molecular sieves such as hexagonally ordered MCM- 41 have potential applications in catalysis,adsorption and separation,preparation of advanced materials,and molecular devices since they are firstly discovered in1 992 .However,as compared with zeolites,the acidity and hydrothermal stability of these mesostructured materials are relatively low,which strongly affecttheir practical applications in in- dustrial catalytic reactions of petroleum.Here it is systematically summarized that the research work on improvement of acidity and hydrothermal stability forordered mesoporousmaterials,which include( 1 ) the assembly of super acidic components into the mesopores;( 2 ) the addition of inorganic salts,organic am- monium compounds during the synthesis of mesoporous materials or post- synthesis of mesoporous materi- als;( 3) the synthesis of mesoporous materials from novel templates such as triblock copolymers;( 4 ) the assembly of mesoporous materials from pre- formed zeolite structure- directing- agent( zeolite seeds solution) with zeolite primary and secondary building structure units.