微型氢气/空气自呼吸式质子交换膜燃料电池

数码相机、手提电脑和移动电话等各种新型的电子产品对电池的能量要求越来越高．例如，配备最新的Li离子电池的数码相机只能连续工作30min，手提电脑只运行3h．显然传统电池的发展已越来越不能满足便携式电子设备的用电需求．微型质子交换膜燃料电池(μPEMFC)由于具有高比能量、无需充电和无自放电等优点，在便携式电子设备中具有广阔的应用前景．然而，用传统技术制作μPEMFC不能适应PEMFC微型化要求．因此基于微机电系统(MEMS)技术的微型质子交换膜燃料电池(μPEMFC)已成为国际上的研究热点．2000年，Kelley等基于MEMS技术制作了μPEMFC，随后又在30℃，用加湿氢气作燃料，压缩空气为氧化剂(流速为0．2L／min)，电池峰值功率约为120mW／cm^2等条件下进一步研究了μPEMFC。

Miniatured H2/Air Self-breathing Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Fabricated by MEMS Technology

A miniaturized H2/air self-breathing proton exchange membrane fuel cell(μPEMFC) was designed and fabricated with 1 cm2 active area. All the basic parts of a conventional H2/air PEMFC were incorporated in a smaller and simpler package. The electrodes of the μPEMFC were constructed on silicon wafer substrates by means of standard micro electromechanical systems (MEMS) techniques. The obtained results show that the peak power density of a single cell has exceeded 110 mW/cm2 when it was operated in ambient atmosphere at 20 ℃. Furthermore, the cells can yield over 400 W/L specific power density.