超浸润形状记忆海绵的制备及油-水分离性能

基于反式 1,4-聚异戊二烯(TPI)的形状记忆性能, 以聚氨酯海绵为基底, 包覆TPI制备出了一种具有疏水超亲油特性的三维多孔形状记忆海绵. 由于这种海绵具有良好的形状记忆特性, 可以通过反复按压/恢复过程, 实现对海绵孔径在微米尺寸(约875 μm)与纳米尺寸(约450 nm)间可逆调控. 利用材料特殊的浸润特征及其可控的孔尺寸, 进一步研究了其在油-水分离中的应用. 研究结果表明, 微米尺寸大孔径海绵有利于对不相溶油-水混合物进行快速高效分离, 而纳米尺寸小孔径海绵则有利于对乳液混合物进行分离, 实现了同一材料同时满足不相溶油-水混合物及乳液体系的分离要求.

Fabrication of Superwetting Porous Shape Memory Sponge and Its Application in Oil-water Separation

Owing to the shape memory properties of trans-1,4-polyisoprene(TPI),TPI was coated onto the Polyurethane(PU)sponge to fabricate a hydrophobic and superoleophilic porous shape memory sponge.As the shape of the porous sponge was repeatedly pressed/recovered based on the good shape memory property,the pore size of the sponge could be controlled from about 450 nm to about 875μm.Based on the superwetting performances and tunable pore size,the sponge was further applied in oil-water separation.Experimental results indicate that larger pore size was favorable for fast separation of immiscible oil-water mixture,and the small pore size was effective to realize the separation of emulsions,finally achieving the separation of different oil-water mixtures on the same material.