含异原子石墨炔基电极材料的研究进展

碳材料具有价格低廉、 易制备、 环境友好、 导电性高、 比表面积大以及适合离子存储和迁移等优点, 已成为目前应用于电化学储能器件电极的重要材料之一. 石墨炔(GDY)是一种新型的二维碳同素异形体, 由sp²碳杂化形式的苯环和sp碳杂化形式的炔键构成. 这种独特的化学结构一方面保持了碳材料良好的导电特性, 另一方面形成了新颖的离子传输通道, 为碳材料带来了不同的离子传输和存储特性. 与此同时, 由于石墨炔的空间结构可调性, 可以通过引入异原子微调石墨炔电子结构, 拓展石墨炔在电极材料领域的应用. 本文重点对近几年异原子杂化石墨炔基电极材料在锂离子电池、 钠离子电池、 金属硫电池、 电容器、 金属空气电池和电极保护等储能领域的研究工作进行总结, 并对未来石墨炔类材料在储能领域的发展进行了展望.

Advances in the Study of Heteratomic Graphdiyne Electrode Materials

Carbon materials have become one of the most important materials for electrochemical energy storage devices due to their advantages,such as low price,easy preparation,environmental friendliness,high electrical conductivity and large specific surface area,in addition,they are suitable for ion storage and migration.Graphdiyne(GDY),as a new two-dimensional carbon allotrope,is composed of benzene ring in sp2 carbon hybridization form and acetylene bond in sp carbon hybridization form.This unique chemical structure,on the one hand,keeps the good conductivity of carbon materials,and on the other hand,forms a novel ion transport channel,which endows the carbon materials with different ion transport and storage characteristics.At the same time,on account of the adjustable spatial structure of graphdiyne,the electronic structure of graphdiyne can be fine-tuned through the introduction of heteroatoms,which greatly expands the application range of graphdiyne in the field of electrode materials.In this paper,the recent years’work on heteroatomic graphdiyne electrode materials used in lithium ion battery,sodium ion battery,metal sulfur battery,capacitor,metal air battery,electrode protection and other energy storage fields is summarized,and the future development direction of graphdiyne electrode materials applied to the energy storage field is prospected.