层状双金属氢氧化物/碳纳米管复合物的制备及在有机溶剂中的分散

通过硝酸处理在碳纳米管(CNTs)表面生成了羧基(-COOH)基团, 随后采用尿素法在其水悬浮液中原位合成了层状双金属氢氧化物(LDH), 获得了层状双金属氢氧化物/碳纳米管复合物(LDH/CNTs), 考察了CNTs用量对LDH形貌与结构的影响. 结果表明, CNTs的用量对LDH的产率及结构无显著影响; 但当CNTs用量较低(<0.2 g/L)或过高(>4.0 g/L)时, 会导致LDH的粒径分布变宽. 对LDH/CNTs进行氯化及有机化处理, 获得了十二烷基苯磺酸根离子(DBS)插层的DBS-LDH/CNTs. 对DBS-LDH/CNTs在不同有机溶剂中分散及剥离程度的研究发现, DBS-LDH/CNTs在丁醇、 乙醇及二甲苯中均可良好分散且其悬浮液较稳定, LDH在不同溶剂中的剥离程度为丁醇>乙醇>二甲苯>四氢呋喃.

Preparation of Layered Double Hydroxide/Carbon Nanotubes Composite and its Dispersion in Organic Solvents

Layered double hydroxide(LDH)/carbon nanotubes(CNTs) composites were prepared by urea method in the aqueous suspension of CNTs. Effect of CNTs concentration on the morphologies and structures of LDH/CNTs composites was investigated in detail. The results showed that in the case of low (<0.2 g/L) or very high (>4.0 g/L) CNTs concentration, there was a fairly wide size distribution for the LDH particles in LDH/CNTs while distributes uniformly relatively in the region of 0.2—4.0 g/L. The introduction of CNTs has a little influence on the size and structure of LDH crystals. By means of decarbonation treatment and further ion-exchange using surfactant sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate(SDBS), the LDH/CNTs composites with interlayer anion of dodecylbenzene sulfo-group(DBS-LDH/CNTs) were obtained. Then the DBS-LDH/CNTs composites were dispersed in several organic solvents, respectively. The results revealed that the suspension of DBS-LDH/CNTs in 1-butanol, ethanol and xylene kept stable in a long duration while sedimentated quickly in tetrahydrofuran. In addition, the delamination extent for LDH in these solvents ranked as follows: 1-butanol >ethanol>xylene>tetrahydrofuran.