羊毛—过渡金属络合物的合成及其选择性催化氢化性能的研究

合成和初步表征了以天然高分子羊毛为载体的羊毛一钯单金属和羊毛－钯－铁双金属络合物催化剂；研究表明，在羊毛－钯络合物催化剂中，引入第二金属能极大地改进它的催化性能，提高其催化选择性，更有效的接近酶催化剂的特征．在常温常压下，以羊毛－钯－铁双金属络合物作催化剂，能顺利地使氯代硝基苯和氯代苯甲醛选择氢化成氯代苯胶和氯代苯甲醇．产率均为１００％，有效地抑制了氰取代基的氢解脱除，络合物催化剂中的钯／铁原子比极大地影响着该类氢化反应选择性，在氯代硝基苯和氯代苯甲醛的氢化反应中，最佳的钯／铁原子比分别为１：３和１５：１，这时反应的选择性均达到１００％，溶剂和温度对氢化反应速度均有一定的影响．

Synthesis and Catalytic Behavior of Wool-Supported Metal Complexes for Selective Hydrogenation

Natural macromolecule, wool-supported palladium complex, wool-Pd, and apolymer-bimetal complex, wool-supported-palladium-iron complex, wool Pd-Fe, were synthesized and characterized by XPS. As a catalyst, wool-Pd-Fe complex shows high activity and selectivity for the hydrogenation of chloronitrobenzenesand chlorobenzyl aldenydes to chloroanilines and chlbrobenzyl alcohols at room temperature and under atmospheric pressure. The influence of the Pd / Fe atomic ratiowas very great on the selective hydrogenation of the substrates. At suitable ratio ofPd / Fe (1: 3), chloroanilines were obtained in 100% yield, no hydrogenolysis(dechlorination) occured in addition to hydrogenation to produce anilines. When theatomic ratio of Pd/ Fe in the complex was 15: 1, wool-Pd-Fe complex couldcatalyze the hydrogenation of chlorobenzyl aldehydes to chlorobenzyl alcohols withouthydrogenolysis of the Cl atom. Evidently, dechlorination did not take place in this case.