离子液体功能化金属有机骨架材料催化CO2环加成反应研究进展

金属有机骨架(Metal-organic frameworks, MOFs)材料因具有超大比表面积、可修饰的化学结构、可调的孔隙形状和大小、开放的金属位点等独特的结构优越性而被广泛用于催化CO₂环加成反应的研究中。然而，大部分MOFs材料在此反应中往往需要在助催化剂或溶剂的存在下才能发挥其催化性能，这也导致了产物分离困难、资源浪费等问题。因此，开发能够单独催化CO₂环加成反应的MOFs材料成为当前科学家们研究的热点。在MOFs骨架上或孔腔内修饰离子液体是构筑此类催化体系的一种重要途径。本文对近年来这类MOFs的构筑策略、催化CO₂环加成反应的性能以及催化机理进行了总结，同时还对MOFs组成、形貌以及催化反应条件等因素对催化活性的影响进行了探讨。

Research progress of CO2 cycloaddition catalyzed by ionic liquid functionalized MOFs

Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) are widely used as catalyst in the carbon dioxide (CO₂) cycloaddition reaction because of their unique structural feature, such as large specific surface area, modifiable chemical structure, adjustable pore shape and size, open metal sites and so on. However, most MOFs materials catalyze this reaction need the co-catalyst or solvent, which also leads to problems such as difficult separation of products and wasting of resources. Therefore, the development of MOFs materials that can catalyze CO₂ cycloaddition alone has become a hot spot of current research by scientists. It is an important way to construct MOFs which can catalyze CO₂ cycloaddition reaction alone by modifying ionic liquids on MOFs skeleton or in pore cavity. In this paper, the construction strategies, catalytic performance and catalytic mechanism of this kind of MOFs in recent years are summarized. Meanwhile, the effects of MOFs composition, morphology and catalytic reaction conditions on the catalytic activity of MOFs are also discussed.