优化稀土上转换纳米材料发光的方法

稀土上转换纳米材料(Upconversion Nanoparticles,UCNPs)可将近红外光转换为可见光,其发光性能优异、化学性质稳定、激发光能有效避免自荧光,因此在生物医学领域应用广泛。但UCNPs的低发光效率限制了其进一步发展。本文综述了近年来研究较多的几种优化稀土上转换纳米材料发光的方法,主要包括调整基质材料和掺杂离子、过渡金属离子与镧系离子共掺杂、引入协同敏化剂减少热效应、有机染料与UCNPs协同作用以及金属表面等离子体共振增强法等。文中分别论述了上述方法的最新研究进展,并总结了这些方法目前存在的问题,指出上转换发光领域的研发重点:一是着重分析各种优化发光方法的作用机理,提出更加完备清晰的理论体系;二是探索更容易被生物体降解的UCNPs,使其副作用降到最低。

Methods for Optimizing Luminescence of Rare Earth Upconversion Nanoparticles

? Rare earth upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs), which can convert visible light into near infrared light, have excellent luminescence properties, stable chemical properties, and can avoid self-fluorescence interference. Therefore, they can be widely used in biomedical fields. However, the low luminescence efficiency of UCNPs restricts its further development. In this paper, several methods for optimizing the luminescence of rare earth upconversion nanoparticles are reviewed, including adjusting matrix and doping ions, co-doping transition metal ions with lanthanide ions, introducing the synergistic sensitizers to reduce the thermal effect, and synergistic effect of organic dyes and UCNPs, metal surface plasmon resonance enhancement method, etc. This review discusses the latest research progress of the above methods, summarizes the problems existing in these methods, and points out the research and development focus on upconversion luminescence field. One is to analyze the mechanism of various optimized luminescence methods, and put forward a more complete and clear theoretical system. The other is to explore UCNPs which are degradable by organisms, in order to minimize the side effects.