异质膜纳米通道的构建及其应用研究

从生物体离子通道中得到启发，研究人员开发了一系列仿生纳米通道，通过对内外表面的化学修饰，实现了在仿生纳米通道受限空间内离子转运的智能调控。目前的研究主要集中在均质膜方向，均质膜单一的结构和功能限制了其进一步发展，研发制备过程简单、稳定性好和功能多样的异质膜逐渐成为研究热点。与均质膜相比，异质膜被赋予单独使用均质膜时无法获得的新功能，具有更加多样的表面化学特性和优越的传输性能。本文概述了异质膜的构建及其在能量转化、生物传感、药物释放等领域的应用，讨论了异质膜的发展前景及所面临的挑战。

Study on the construction and application of heteromembrane nanochannels

Inspired by ion channels in living organisms, researchers have developed a series of biomimetic nanochannels. By chemical modification of responsive units, intelligent regulation of ion transport in special 3D space of biomimetic nanochannels can be achieved. However, the current research is mainly focused on the homogeneous membrane, but the monotonous structure and single function of homogeneous membrane inhibitits further development. The development of heteromembrane with simple preparation, stable performance and multiple functions has gradually become a hotspot. Heterogeneous membrane is endowed with new functions which cannot be achived when using homogeneous membrane alone, it has variety of surface chemical characteristics and superior transmission performance. In this paper, the construction of heterogeneous membranes and their applications in energy conversion, biosensors, drug delivery and other fields are reviewed. The prospects and challenges of heterogeneous membranes are also discussed.